some basic physics, chemistry and geology followed by and...

Some Basic Physics, Chemistry and Geology followed by

and Introduction to the Earth Interior

1

Today’s Quiz

1) Vocabulary Chapters 1a and 112) Review of Chapter 1a and Previous Lecture

Thursday, August 22, 13

2

A Private Unvierse?

Thursday, August 22, 13

3

Thursday, August 22, 13

Some Basic Physics and Chemistry and Geology

4

Thursday, August 22, 13

EquilibriumCookie Equilibrium

Coffee Equilibrium

5

Thursday, August 22, 13

Equilibrium

Temperature (heat) Equilibrium

Molecular (H2O)Equilibrium

5

Thursday, August 22, 13

Phase Change

6

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Thursday, August 22, 13

Temperature (heat) and Pressure

Temperature is a measure of Heat

Sources of Earth’s HeatAccretionary heating (original heat)Latent heat (heat of crystallization) Radioactive Decay

Accretionary heat(energy transfer)

7

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Heat Transfer (cooling)

8

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Buoyancy

Density = mass/volume (g/cm )

Dead Sea

9

Gravitational Equilibrium3

Thursday, August 22, 13

Buoyancy

Density = mass/volume (g/cm )

Dead Sea

9

3

Thursday, August 22, 13

Buoyancy

Density = mass/volume (g/cm )10

Gravitational Equilibrium3

Brasson

Mercury

Thursday, August 22, 13

Buoyancy

Density = mass/volume (g/cm )10

3

Brasson

Mercury

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Observable Matter

11

Thursday, August 22, 13

Observable Matter

11

Silicate Rocks- Rocks composed dominantly of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)

Thursday, August 22, 13

Observable Matter

Mafic rocks

Felsic rocks

11

Silicate Rocks- Rocks composed dominantly of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)

Thursday, August 22, 13

Observable Matter

Mafic rocks

Felsic rocks

11

Earth’s Composition

by Mass

-35% Fe-30% O-15% Si-12% Mg-8% all other

Silicate Rocks- Rocks composed dominantly of Silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O)

Thursday, August 22, 13

The Rock Cycle

12

Thursday, August 22, 13

Observable Matter

Mafic rocks

Felsic rocks

13

Earth’s Composition

by Mass

-35% Fe-30% O-15% Si-12% Mg-8% all other

Felsic Rocks Greater than 55% SiO4 (silica)) Continental Crust 45% SiO2 < Mafic Rocks < 55% SiO4 Oceanic CrustUltramafic less than 45% SiO4 MantleNon-Silicate Rock (Ni-Fe alloy) Core

Thursday, August 22, 13

Earth’s Composition Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?

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Thursday, August 22, 13

Earth’s Composition Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?

14

What is the crust enriched in?What is the curst depleted in?

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15

Mafic

Felsic

Lower Mantle

Lower Mantle

Modified“Geology ata Glance”

11.1

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Buoyancy

16Thursday, August 22, 13

Isostasy

17

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Isostasy

18

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Isostasy

www.globalchange.umich.edu.tiff19

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20

What amount of the low density block is sticking above the more dense material?a) ~12 km

b) ~33 km

c) ~17 km

d) ~7 km

e) Was unable to determine

Thursday, August 22, 13

21

What amount of the low density block is sticking above the more dense material?a) ~12 km

b) ~33 km

c) ~17 km

d) ~7 km

e) Was unable to determine

Thursday, August 22, 13

22

Himalayan Mountains

Isostasy

Thursday, August 22, 13

Earth’s StructureGroup Work

Pages 17, and 19-21 in your ManualWork in Groups of 2 to 3

Thursday, August 22, 13

Crust

Mantle

CoreInnerCore

OuterCore

Lithosphere

Earth’s Structure

Asthenosphere

Moho

Thursday, August 22, 13