solid waste disposal methods

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

GUIDED BY-MR. S.N. YADAV

PRESENTED BY:-

■ RASBIHARI MEENA(141641)

■ ROHIT MEENA (141642)

■ KANHA GARG(141643)

■ AMIR SOHAIL KHAN(141645)

CONTENTS1. METHODS OF DISPOSAL

a. Sanitary landfillingb. Compostingc. Incineration and pyrolysisd. Barging out in seae. Shredding and pulverization

2. Effects of Improper Solid Waste Disposal3. Case study4. Solution to Improper Solid waste Disposal5. Conclusion6. Reference

What is disposal of solid waste?

Solid Waste Disposal, disposal of normally solid or semisolid materials, resulting from human and animal activities, that are useless, unwanted, or hazardous.

• Garbage• Rubbish• Ashes• Sewage-treatment solids• Mining wastes• Dead animals

■ A method of disposing of solid waste on land without creating nuisances or hazards to public health or safety.

■ PROBLEMS:– Air pollution– Generation of

liquid leachate.– Harmful Gas.

Sanitary land filling

Shredding and Pulverisation

The size and volume reduction of msw is accomplished by the physical process of shredding and pulverisation.

.Shredding refers to the action ofcutting and tearing.

.Pulverisation refers to the action ofcrushing and grinding.

Composting

■ Composting as defined earlier is a process in which organic matter of the solid waste is decomposed and converted to humus and stable mineral compounds.

There are three methods of composting:(1) Composting by Trenching(2) Open window composting(3) Mechanical Composting

Vermicomposting

■ ’Composting’ usingvarious ‘Worms.’

■ Manages Bio-Degradable waste.

■ Highly economical.

Incineration

■ Burning of refuse at high temperature in furnaces called incineration.

■ PROBLEMS:– Emission of dangerous

fumes.– Incinerators require a

source of energy to start.

Pyrolysis

■ It is defined as heating the solid waste at very high temperature in absence of air.

■ Pyrolysis is carried out at a temperature between 500C to 1000C to produce three component streams.

Barging it out in to sea

■ This method had been used in the past to dispose off refuse by throwing it away in to sea, after carrying it at reasonable distance from the coast on barges.

■ The sea depth such disposal point should not be less then 30m or so, and the direction of the current should be as not to bring it back towards the shore.

Case Study

Solid Waste Management in Mumbai, India-

■ Waste GenerationGarbage generated for 2011-

12: 9,200 metric tones(Ghanekar, 2013)Approximate Composition (inorder of volume)

– Compostable matter– Sand & Fine earth

(from street sweeping)– Paper/cardboard– Others (plastics, glass,

metals etc.).

Waste Collection■ Salient features:

– Street Sweeping – 100% street cleaning in 1 or 2 shifts (67% bymunicipal staff and 33% roads by private contractors)

– Power sweeping introduced in Island City area– Garbage management in 4 main beaches given to private entities on 5-

year contracts– Collection 83% through collection bins and 13% house-to-house

collection..– 1396 trips each day.

■ Waste NOT COLLECTED = 15% of the amount generated. (Ghanekar, 2013)■ Reason cited, IRONICALLY, is want of resources (when MCGM is the Richest

Corporation in India (Pradhan, 2007)

■ Waste Disposal - Journey of Waste

Waste Collection from surrounding areas

3 Transfer stations at Mahalaxmi, Kurla and

Versova

3 Landfills at Mulund, KanjurMarg and

Deonar

Waste Disposal -Journey of Waste

Issues for the case-study

.Sheer size of the population and correspondingWaste generation; High and rapidly increasingvolume of Solid Waste 10000 MTPD by2025(MCGM).No apparent practice of even the most basicscientific waste management practices like wastesegregation at source

Effects of Improper Solid Waste Disposal

Air pollution

Groundwater Contamination

Stagnant water for breeding insects.

Land can get degraded and poisoned

Solution to Improper Solid waste Disposal

The government should work to invest on proper SWD facilities, like sanitary landfills and incineration factories.

Should also improve solid waste collection, by making sure they collect most of the waste and segregating it to make disposal easier.

They should also increase awareness throughout all sectors of society

Recommendation■ The improvement of people and private sector through

NGOs could improve the efficiency of solid waste management.

■ Public awareness should be created especially at primary level.

■ Littering of solid waste should prohibited in cities towns and urban areas.

■ More over house to house collecting solid waste should be collected

.

■ Sewage disposal and air pollution engineering by S.K.. GARG.

■ Bhalwar, Rajvir et al, 2009, Textbook of Public Health and Community Medicine, Pune.

■ MAHARASTRA HEALTH CORPORATION and public welfare department.http://www.mcgm.gov.in/irj/portal/anonymous?NavigationTarget=navurl://c4b79f15e55f98176905a7c2c7d910ee

References

The End