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Smart Grids i Treci energetski paket: izazovi i mogucnosti elektroenergetskih sustava buducnosti
Tahir Kapetanovic
E-Control
22. studeni 2010
CIGRE Zagreb 222. studeni 2010
Niagara Falls
Power Co.
Cataract Power
& Conduit Co.
Buffalo
* http://ublib.buffalo.edu/libraries/exhibits/panam/sel/electricity.html#cpcc
Prisjecajuci se odakle smo poceli (s trzistem !) …
CIGRE Zagreb 322. studeni 2010
Hintergrund: http://www.nightskynation.com/pics/earth-at-night.jpg
… i sto smo postigli …
CIGRE Zagreb 422. studeni 2010
… mreze vec i danas imaju visoki IQ („smartness“) …
… samo sto je nevidljiv i konacni proizvod dolaziiz uticnice, kad god je potreban (?!)
CIGRE Zagreb 522. studeni 2010
Sadrzaj
• („novi“) izazovi
• Smart Grids u europskim okvirima
• Istrazivanje, razvoj i primjena
• Pogled u buducnost
CIGRE Zagreb 622. studeni 2010
Sadrzaj
• („novi“) izazovi
• Smart Grids u europskim okvirima
• Istrazivanje, razvoj i primjena
• Pogled u buducnost
Smart Grids: glavni pokretaci i izazovi
CIGRE Zagreb722. studeni 2010
izvor: www.smartgrids.eu,
Strategic Deployment Document
Distribuirana i mikro proizvodnja
Integracijavjetroenergije
Integracija trzistapreko granica
upravljackih podrucjaAktivno ukljucenje
korisnika
Sigurnostpogona
Sigurnostopskrbe
Integracija vjetroenergije
2010
2020
2030
Instalirana snaga vjetroelektrana EU 2010-2030 (izvor: EWEA)
Integracija vjetroenergije (nastavak)
CIGRE Zagreb 922. studeni 2010
CIGRE Zagreb 1022. studeni 2010
Proizvodnja vjetroelektrana EU 2010-2030 (izvor: EWEA)
Ukupnaproizvodnja 3300 3800 4250EU TWh izvor: Eurelectric
Integracija vjetroenergije (nastavak)
• Promjenjljivost - i najbolja prognoza odstupa 14%
• Udaljenost od i prijenos do potrosaca
• Vremenski pomak u odnosu na potrosnju – kamo s energijom?
• Raspolozivost - koliko redundancije je potrebno (npr. DK)
• P-f regulacija - potrebe vs. ukupan udio vjetroenergije
• Spremanje/akumulacija - koliko, sto, gdje, kada, tko / za koga
• Kruzni tokovi - kako: fizika + vjetar/sunce + trziste
22. studeni 2010 CIGRE Zagreb 11
• Promjenjljivost - i najbolja prognoza odstupa 14%
• Udaljenost od i prijenos do potrosaca
• Vremenski pomak u odnosu na potrosnju – kamo s energijom?
• Raspolozivost - koliko redundancije je potrebno (npr. DK)
• P-f regulacija - potrebe vs. ukupan udio vjetroenergije
• Spremanje/akumulacija - koliko, sto, gdje, kada, tko / za koga
• Kruzni tokovi - kako: fizika + vjetar/sunce + trziste
• Kako s trzistem?
Integracija vjetroenergije (nastavak)
22. studeni 2010
Variable
Price REA
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t/h
REA- subsidy,
not in weak
load time
EEX
EEX price
development
Pri
ce
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 t/h
REA
Subsidy
Variable
Price REA
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t/h
REA- subsidy,
not in weak
load time
EEX
EEX price
development
Pri
ce
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 t/h
REA
Subsidy
izvor: Kapetanovic et al: „Provision of Ancillary Services by Dispersed Generation and
Demand Side Response - Needs, Barriers and Solutions”, CIGRE 2008, C6-107
13CIGRE Zagreb
Distribuirana i mikroproizvodnjaEU uredbe o obnovljivim izvorima i o trzistu el. energije; § 7 Z 4a ElWOG*
* Begriff „dezentrale Erzeugungsanlage“ bezeichnet eine Erzeugungsanlage, die an ein öffentliches
Mittel- oder Niederspannungs-Verteilernetz (Bezugspunkt Übergabestelle) angeschlossen ist und
somit Verbrauchernähe aufweist oder eine Erzeugungsanlage, die der Eigenversorgung dient;
• Dvosmjerni tokovi snaga u razdjelnoj mrezi (zastita?)
• Snaga kratkog spoja bez sinhronih generatora
• Napon: grana/struktura/topologija mreze
• Gubici: za sada neutralni, ali ubuduce?
• Promjenjivost i raspolozivost
• Kako sa fotonaponom ?
CIGRE Zagreb 1422. studeni 2010
Integracija trzista preko granica upravljackih podrucja
• Koordinacija dodjele prijenosnih kapaciteta
• Tercijarna i sekundarna regulacija - „spajanje“ (od vise TSO-a)
• Pogon centralno koordiniran vs. distr. upravljanje kvarovima
• Planiranje i planiranje pogona vs. dozvole i organizacija
• Rezerve i spremanje/akumulacija zajedno
• Dostup informacijama: za trzista, za pogon, za nadzor …
• (… i preko granica sinhronog podrucja - UPS/IPS, …)
CIGRE Zagreb 1522. studeni 2010
(Aktivno) ukljucenje korisnikaEU uredbe o obnovljivim izvorima i o trzistu el. energije „last mile“
• Promjena dobavljaca
• Informacija i zastita interesa korisnika
• Demand Response (kao usluga …)
• Upravljanje vrsnim opterecenjem i energetskim portfoliom
• Energetska razmjena direktno na NN/SN razini
• Virtualne elektrane
• Smart Metering
CIGRE Zagreb 1622. studeni 2010
Sigurnost pogona
• „Power System Control Gap“ (vec od 1970!)
• Porast promjenjivosti frekvencije
• Staticka / dinamicka sigurnost pogona i stabilnostCIGRE Zagreb 1722. studeni 2010
izvor: UCTE Frequency Report 2009
https://www.entsoe.eu/fileadmin/
user_upload_library/publications/ce/
otherreports/090330_UCTE_Frequency
InvestigationReport_Abstract.pdf
Sigurnost opskrbe*
* CEER Security of Supply Report 2004, http://www.energy-regulators.eu/portal/page/portal/
EER_HOME/EER_PUBLICATIONS/CEER_ERGEG_PAPERS/Electricity/2004/CEER_SECURITYELECTRICITYUPPLYREPORT2004_09-04.PDF :
“Security of supply means that customers have access to electricity at the time they need it with
the defined quality and at a transparent and cost-oriented price ”
• Sigurnost opskrbe (monopol) Upravljanje rizicima (trziste)
CIGRE Zagreb 1922. studeni 2010
• „Jedan“ sudionik
• Planiranje I razvoj “bez rizika”
• Jednostavne uloge i odgovrnosti
• Samo jedan dobavljac moguc
• Jednostavni tokovi podataka i informacija
• „Odluke odozgo”
• “Energetska neovisnost” (nikad nije bila)
• Puno (novih) sudionika
• Centralna funkcija: upravljanje rizikom
• (Re)definicija uloga I odgovornosti
• Slobodni izbor dobavljaca
• Slozeni tokovi podataka I informacija
• Samo ako “svatko izvrsi svoju duznost”
• Razmjena preko granica upravljackogpodrucja
CIGRE Zagreb 2022. studeni 2010
Sadrzaj
• („novi“) izazovi
• Smart Grids u europskim okvirima
• Istrazivanje, razvoj i primjena
• Pogled u buducnost
Uredba o trzistu el. energije 2009/72/EGArt. 3 – General obligations and customer protection (selected)
(1) (MS ensure)
competition, security, environment in electricity market
(2) (MS obligations on electricity undertakings)
security of supply, continuity, quality, price, environment- and climate-protection, energy efficiency, renewables
…
(10) Energy efficiency and demand response, grid infrastructure and interconnections
(11) (in support of energy efficiency)
Energy management, Smart Metering, Smart Grids
CIGRE Zagreb 2122. studeni 2010
Uredba o trzistu el. energije 2009/72/EGArt. 12 – Duties and obligations of TSOs (selected)
a) (TSO is responsible for)
Meeting of demand for electric power transmission, ensuring secure, reliable and capable transmission network operation, maintenance and construction
…
d) Exchange and ancillary services with other TSOs
e) (in synchronous area)
Information exchange, coordinated grid expansion, interoperability
…
h) … foster market integration
CIGRE Zagreb 2222. studeni 2010
Uredba o trzistu el. energije 2009/72/EGArt. 25 – Duties and obligations of DSOs (selected)
(1) (DSO is responsible for)
Meeting the demand for electric power distribution in own grid area and ensuring secure, reliable and efficient distribution network, taking account of environmental protection, energy efficiency in operation, maintenance and expansion of the grid
…
(4) (MS can require DSO to) … give priority to connecting renewable and CHP generation
(5) Losses procurement
(6) Energy exchange at the DSO level
(7) (while planning the DSO grid) considering energy efficicency, demand response and distributed generation
CIGRE Zagreb 2322. studeni 2010
Guidelines & Codes, Art. 8 of Regulation (EC) 714/2009
a) Network security and reliability rules including rules for technical transmission reservecapacity for operational network security;
b) Network connection rules;
c) Third-party access rules;
d) Data exchange and settlement rules;
e) Interoperability rules;
f) Operational procedures in an emergency;
g) Capacity-allocation and congestion-management rules;
h) Rules for trading related to technical and operational provision of network access servicesand system balancing;
i) Transparency rules;
j) Balancing rules including network-related reserve power rules;
k) Rules regarding harmonised transmission tariff structures including locational signals andinter-transmission system operator compensation rules;
l) Energy efficiency regarding electricity networks;
CIGRE Zagreb 2522. studeni 2010
Guidelines, Codes, glavni pokretaci i izazovi(pametnih) mreza
a) Network security and reliability rules including rules for technical transmission reservecapacity for operational network security;
b) Network connection rules;
c) Third-party access rules;
d) Data exchange and settlement rules;
e) Interoperability rules;
f) Operational procedures in an emergency;
g) Capacity-allocation and congestion-management rules;
h) Rules for trading related to technical and operational provision of network access servicesand system balancing;
i) Transparency rules;
j) Balancing rules including network-related reserve power rules;
k) Rules regarding harmonised transmission tariff structures including locational signals andinter-transmission system operator compensation rules;
l) Energy efficiency regarding electricity networks;
CIGRE Zagreb 2622. studeni 2010
Primjer: Grid Connection Code, Q-V(izvor: 2. ENTSOE Workshop on grid connection requirements for generators, 05. November 2010, www.entsoe.eu)
CIGRE Zagreb 2722. studeni 2010
Guidelines i Codes – trenutacno stanje
• Grid Connection Guidelines
– Konacna verzija FG 11/2010, formalna predaja EC ( ENTSO-E) 12/2010
• Capacity Allocation & Congestion Management Guidelines
– Javna konzultacija FG 11/2010, preliminarni rezultati u Firenci 12/2010
– Konacna verzija FG 02/2011 ( Target Model)
• System Operation Guidelines
– Diskussija o sadzaju FG sa ERGEG/EC/ENTSO-E zakljucena 11/2010, pismo EC 12/2010
– Verzija za javnu konzultaciju 02/2011
www.energy-regulators.eu, www.entsoe.eu
CIGRE Zagreb 2822. studeni 2010
CIGRE Zagreb 2922. studeni 2010
Sadrzaj
• („novi“) izazovi
• Smart Grids u europskim okvirima
• Istrazivanje, razvoj i primjena
• Pogled u buducnost
CIGRE Zagreb 3522. studeni 2010
PEGASE:
8.622.027,00 €:15%
REALISEGRID:
2.924.537,00 €:5%
IRENE-40:
3.846.781,00 €:6%
ICOEUR:
1.916.767,00 €:3%
OPENNODE:
2.789.970,00 €:5%
MIRACLE:
2.998.017,00 €:5%OPEN METER:
2.400.232,00 €:4% MERGE:
2.981.372,00 €:5%G4V:
2.543.363,00 €:4%
ECCOFLOW:
2.699.345,00 €:5%
HIPERDNO:
4.380.060,00 €:7%
ADDRESS:
8.999.997,00 €:15%
DLC+VIT4IP:
3.499.997,00 €:6%
INTEGRIS:
3.398.601,00 €:6%
W2E:
2.891.429,00 €:5%
HESCAP:
2.298.764,00 €:4%
DP#3: Integrating large-scaleintermittent generation:2.298.764,00 €
DP#1: Optimizing gridOperation & usage:23.098.099,00 €
DP#6: New Markets, Users, Efficiency2.400.232,00 €
DP#5: Active Distribution Networks21.604.137,00 €
DP#4: Information & Com-munication Technology:9.790.027,00 €
DP#2: Optimizing GridInfrastructure???
* (http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/taskforce_en.htm): “The mission of the Task
Force Smart Grids to advice the Commission on policy and regulatory directions at European level and
to coordinate the first steps towards the implementation of Smart Grids under the provision of the
Third Energy Package.“
Expert Group 3
• “Development of recommendations on the roles and responsibili-ties of all involved actors in the deployment of the Smart Grids
• Definition of criteria and recommendations for funding of Smart Grid deployment
• Identification of any necessary new EU legislation in support of Smart Grids deployment”
CIGRE Zagreb 3722. studeni 2010
EU Commission Task Force for Smart Grids *
Deliverable
CIGRE Zagreb 3822. studeni 2010
Sadrzaj
• („novi“) izazovi
• Smart Grids u europskim okvirima
• Istrazivanje, razvoj i primjena
• Pogled u buducnost
Kljucni sadrzaji i teme, postavljeni pred znanost i istrazivanjeu energetici, da bi podrzali – i omogucili – razvoj pametnihmreza i elektroenergetskih sustava buducnosti
… pokretaci i izazovi …
CIGRE Zagreb3922. studeni 2010
izvor: www.smartgrids.eu,
Strategic Deployment Document
Distribuirana i mikro proizvodnja
Integracijavjetroenergije
Integracija trzistapreko granica
upravljackih podrucjaAktivno ukljucenje
korisnika
Sigurnostpogona
Sigurnostopskrbe
Optimizacijaprijenosa 1/2
– Tokovi snaga kao osnovica za optimiranje sigurnosti pogona i trzista u razmjeni prekogranica upravljackih podrucja „pravi“ tokovi snaga Nodal Pricing
CIGRE Zagreb 4022. studeni 2010
cos100/13 max LastFaktorIUowTotalMaxFl
AB
BC
AC
Bilateral NTC
Koordiniertes NTC
Lastflussbasiert
Betriebssicherheitsgrenzen
1.)
– Optimalni tokovi snaga pomocu faznih transformatora
– Redispatch preko granica upravljackog podrucja (Intraday)
CIGRE Zagreb 4122. studeni 2010
Optimizacijaprijenosa2/2
))(,,( redispatchTAPowTotalMaxFlfKapazität3.)
2.) ),( TAPowTotalMaxFlfKapazität
Pogonska koordinacija prijenosa
• Koordinirano distribuirano utvrdivanje stanja u cijelomsinhronom podrucju
• Koordinirani proracun tokova snaga i prognoza
• Dinamicka i stohasticka analiza slucaja/sigurnosti
• Hibridni sustavi za podrsku pri odlucivanju u realnom vremenu
CIGRE Zagreb 4222. studeni 2010
• Visokonaponske mreze > 380-kV tesko zamislive u Europi
• „Overlay“ 163/4 Hz mreza?
CSC HVDC
– 6400 MW
– ±800 kV DC
– 2000 km
VSC HVDC
– 1100 MW
– 350 kV DC
Supergrid
CIGRE Zagreb 4422. studeni 2010
VSC HVDC multi-terminal
VSC izazovi:- DC prekidaci- analiza kvarova- gubici, snaga, DC napon
Aktivne razdjelne mreze
CIGRE Zagreb 4522. studeni 2010
MS NS
Umax
Umin
U
t
Umax
Umin
U
t
Umax
Umin
U
t
- SCADA, utvrdivanje stanja, proracun tokovasnaga, analiza slucaja
- optimizacija virtualnih elektrana i lokalnarazmjena energije
Razdjelne mreze (nastavak)
• Preventive, event-drivenAsset-Risk Management
• Usluge
– Upravljanje vrsnimopterecenjem
– Energetska arbitraza
– Upravljanje naponom ijalovom snagom
…
CIGRE Zagreb 4622. studeni 2010
Stanje postrojenjavs. rizik kvara
Odrzavanje
Previsokirizik
Novo postrojenje
t
Normalnipogon
Intervalodrzavanja
Kvar
Aktivni korisnici (Smart Metering)
CIGRE Zagreb 4722. studeni 2010
Daljinski prikaz
Integracija mikrogeneracije
Lokalna razmjenaenergije
Upravljanje vrsnimopterecenjem
Demand Response
daljnje usluge …Daljinsko upravljanjemreznim prikljuckom
Profili opterecenja
Upravljanje energijom
Hub zaHome Automation
Elektrane
• Snaga kratkog spoja i ispravljaci u razdjelnim mrezama savisokim udjelom distribuirane proizvodnje (bez sinhronihgeneratora)
• Aktivno sudjelovanjevjetroelektrana uprimarnoj i sekundarnoj P-fregulaciji
CIGRE Zagreb 4822. studeni 2010
izvor: UCTE
(danas ENTSO-E
Continental Europe) OH Policy 1, www.entsoe.eu
Spremanje/akumulacija – vodik (?)
• Vjetar elektroliza gorivi clanak (…)
CIGRE Zagreb 5022. studeni 2010
izvor: M. Korpas, E. Stenvik, T. Gjengedal: “Generic Sizing Methodology for remote Wind-Hydrogen Power Systems”, CIGRE Session 2006, C6-126
Spremanje: elektroauti (?)
CIGRE Zagreb 5222. studeni 2010
• Prednosti
– Redukcija emisija, energetskaucinkovitost, upotreba obnovljivihizvora (?)
– Smanjenje razine buke
– Eenrgija izjednacenja (V2G2V) (?)
• Posljedice
– +/- 3500 kWh/elektroauto/godina = dvostruka potrosnja domacinstva
– Mreza: promjenjivost napona, gubici, investicije u transformaciju
– Nova proizvodnja ali i vrsnoopterecenje!
• Sto s baterijama ?!Quelle: e-Connected Abschlussbericht
Arhitektura i simulacija EES
• Raspolozivost: EES vs. ICT
– EES*: 99,996% ~ 35 min/god
– ICT: 99,9% ~ 525 min/god
Razlika = 490 min (8,2 sati) / god ?!
• Poboljsati ICT raspolozivost(ukljucujuci „common cause“ kvarove) – kako?
• Neovisnost EES / ICT
CIGRE Zagreb 5422. studeni 2010
* izvor: E-Control, Ausfalls- und Störungsstatistik 2009, www.e-control.at
izvor: www.smartgrids.eu, Strategic Deployment Document
izvor: The Common Information Model for Distribution, EPRI 2008,1016058, www.epri.com
Ovisnosti u razdjelnoj mrezi (primjer)
Arhitektura i simulacija EES (nastavak)
CIGRE Zagreb 5622. studeni 2010
• „Common Information Model“
– ÜN: 100-ne cvorova/grana
– VN: 1000(0)-ca cvorova/grana
Potrebna je standardizacija modela!
ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/doc/expert_group1.pdf
Sigurnost pogona i prevencija poremecaja
• Hibridni, algoritamski/heuristicki upravljacki sustavi
CIGRE Zagreb 5922. studeni 2010
izvor: www.smartgrids.eu, Strategic Deployment Document
… izazovi i pokretaci …
CIGRE Zagreb6022. studeni 2010
izvor: www.smartgrids.eu,
Strategic Deployment Document
Distribuirana i mikro proizvodnja
Integracijavjetroenergije
Integracija trzistapreko granica
upravljackih podrucjaAktivno ukljucenje
korisnika
Sigurnostpogona
Sigurnostopskrbe
Pogled u buducnost – sazetak
CIGRE Zagreb 6122. studeni 2010
Pogonska koordinaci-ja prijenosa
Supergrid
Aktivna razdjelnamreza
Aktivnikorisnici
Snaga kr. spoja iispravljaci
Vjetroelektrane usek. regulaciji
Dubokageotermija
Spremanje /akumulacija
EES vs. ICTraspolozivost
Statickastabilnost
Tranzijenti
„CommonInfomodel“
Arhitektura isimulacija
Hibridni upravljac-ki sustavi
Upravljanje kvarovimai prevencija
EES (DN) tolerantniprema kvarovima
Trziste elektricne energije
EU okviri
Ene
rget
ska
eko
no
mik
a
Info
rmat
ika
i te
leko
mu
nik
acij
e
Prijenos i distribucija
Elektrane, spremanje(akumulacija)
Optimizacijaprijenosa
CIGRE Zagreb 6222. studeni 2010
Dr. Tahir KapetanovicDirector Electricity
Energie-Control GmbHAustrian Energy Regulatory AuthorityRudolfsplatz 13aA-1010 Vienna, Austria
+43-1-24724-500tahir.kapetanovic@e-control.atwww.e-control.at
Hvala na paznji!
… na kraju …
CIGRE Zagreb 6322. studeni 2010
What is a SmartGrid?
A SmartGrid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it - generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies.
A SmartGrid employs innovative products and services together with intelligent monitoring, control, communication, and self-healing technologies to:
better facilitate the connection and operation of generators of all sizes and technologies;
allow consumers to play a part in optimizing the operation of the system;
provide consumers with greater information and choice of supply;
significantly reduce the environmental impact of the whole electricity supply system;
deliver enhanced levels of reliability and security of supply.
SmartGrids deployment must include not only technology, market and commercialconsiderations, environmental impact, regulatory framework, standardization usage, ICT(Information & Communication Technology) and migration strategy but also societalrequirements and governmental edicts.
www.smartgrids.eu, SDD
… sto su zaista Smart Grids ?!
CIGRE Zagreb 6422. studeni 2010 CIGRE Zagreb 6422. studeni 2010 CIGRE Zagreb 6422. studeni 2010
www.desertec.com
Intelligentni
Elektroenergetski
sustavi
Ko
op
era
tivn
o
ucen
je
Su
pra
vo
dic
i
vo
dik
, …
Demand
Response
ICT raspolozivost i
pouzdanost u EES
www.smartgrids.eu
Elektroauti
Mikroproizvodnja
Smart Metering
Home Automation
HV-DC
Nord Wind
Dodatak 1: Frekvencija u UCTE
(ENTSO-E Continental Europe)
CIGRE Zagreb 6522. studeni 2010
CIGRE Zagreb 6622. studeni 2010
zurück
2002
2005
2008
CIGRE Zagreb 6722. studeni 2010
Dodatak 2: Sigurnost opskrbe
i upravljanje rizicimau trzistu elektricne energije
Sigurnost opskrbe – sto se promijenilo?
CIGRE Zagreb 6822. studeni 2010
= 0Monopol
Proizvodnja
Prijenos
Distribucija
Potrosnja
+ Trgovina
+ Dobava / Kupci
+ Obracun
+ …
+ Proizvodnja
= 0 = 0= 0
= 0Trziste
Proizvodnja
Prijenos
Distribucija
Potrosnja
zurück
Sigurnost opskrbe – kljucne uloge
CIGRE Zagreb 6922. studeni 2010 IIR Bilanzgruppenmgmt, Wien 69
Rizik = vjerojatnost
da se stvarnost
razlikuje od ocekivanjaAsset Manager
optimira upotrebu
dobra (mreze), kao
osnovicu za
investicijske odluke, sa
ciljem maksimalnog
profita, uz odrzanje
zahtjeva za sigurnost i
kvalitetu
Risk Manager
upravlja tim razlikama
(ali ne i ocekivanjma)
s ciljem minimiranja
njihove vjerojatnosti
Regulator
definira i nadzire
ispunjenje postavljenih
okvira, s ciljem
stabilnosti, kontinuiteta,
odrzivosti i maksimalnog
dobra za sve cinioce I
drustvo u cjelini
zurück
CIGRE Zagreb 7022. studeni 2010
Dodatak 3: EU TF for Smart Grids
Expert Group 3: Roles and Responsibilitiesof Actors in Smart Grids Deployment
EG3 Process
CIGRE Zagreb 7122. studeni 2010
Legalframework
Basic features andFunctions in anyelectriciy grid
Supplementaryfunctions
Emerging functionsand features
Orginators of needs
(beneficiaries)
Fundingoptions
(possibilities)
Benefits / Criteria
SMA
RT
fun
ctio
ns
zurück
CIGRE Zagreb 7222. studeni 2010
Evaluation and maximizing of„smartness“ in gid projects
izvor: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/
smartgrids/doc/expert_group3.pdf
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CIGRE Zagreb 7322. studeni 2010
Dodatak 4: Smart Grids projekti
u okviru EU (FP7)
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7 - detalji
• HESCAP - New generation, High Energy and power density SuperCAPacitor based energy storage system
– Develop a new generation HESCAP system, capable of storing ten times more energy than the reported State of the Art SC technology, keeping the high power density, long life cycle and total capital cost of currently available supercapacitors
– The expected impact of the HESCAP system will be a drastic reduction of the volume and weight for a given energy rate and a reduction of the cost of the stored kWh
• HIPERDNO - High Performance Computing Technologies for Smart Distribution Network Operation, 02/2010 - 01/2013
– Developing a new generation of distribution network management systems that exploit novel near to real-time HPC solutions with inherent security and intelligent communications
– Cost effective scalable HPC solutions will be developed and initially demonstrated for realistic distribution network data traffic and management scenarios
CIGRE Zagreb 7422. studeni 2010
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Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
• INTEGRIS - INTelligent Electrical Grid Sensor communications, 02/2010 - 07/2012
– Development of a novel and flexible ICT infrastructure based on a hybrid Power Line Communication-wireless integrated communications system, encompassing: monitoring, operation, customer integration, demand side management, voltage control, quality of service control, control of DER and asset management
• DLC+VIT4IP - Distribution Line Carrier: Verification, Integration and Test of PLC Tech. & IP Comm. for Utilities, 01/2010 - 12/2012
– Develop, verify and test a high-speed narrow-band powerline communications infrastructure using the Internet Protocol (IP), capable of supporting existing and new applications
CIGRE Zagreb 7522. studeni 2010
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• ECCOFLOW - Development and field test of an efficient YBCO (Yttrium-Barium-Kup-feroxid) Coated Conductor based Fault Current Limiter, 01/2010 - 12/2013
– Superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) based on coated conductor YBCO tape (cc-tape) or HTS tape
– Deal with the increasing incidence and level of fault currents, grid performance, stability & efficiency
– New tool for grid operation, enhance the flexibility for further grid planning
CIGRE Zagreb 7622. studeni 2010
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7 – EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
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Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
• G4V - Grid for Vehicles - Impact and possibilities of electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles European networks 01/2010 - 06/2011
– Analyse the impact of a mass introduction of electric vehicles in detail in order to optimize the grid infrastructure and make use for smart grids and energy efficiency
– An analytical framework to evaluate the impact of a large scale introduction on the grid infrastructure and a visionary roadmap for the year 2020 and beyond
• MERGE - Mobile Energy Resources in Grids of Electricity, 01/2010 - 12/2011
– Identify and prepare solutions for the operational problems that will be caused on the electric grid, to the generation sub-system and to its commercial operation as a result of progressively increasing deployment of EV
– Address comprehensively the impact of EV presence regarding steady state operation, intermittent RES integration, system stability and dynamic behavior, system restoration, regulatory aspects and market arrangements
CIGRE Zagreb 7722. studeni 2010
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• MIRACLE - Micro-Request-Based Aggregation, Forecasting and Scheduling of Energy Demand, Supply and Distribution, 01/2010 - 12/2012
– Develop a conceptual and infrastructural approach that allows energy distribution companies to efficiently manage higher amounts of renewable energy and balance supply and demand
• OPENNODE - Open Architecture for Secondary Nodes of the Electricity SmartGrid, 01/2010 - 06/2012
– R&D of (1) an open secondary substation node (SSN) which is seen as an essential control component of the future smart distribution grid, (2) a Middleware to couple the SSN with the Utilities systems for grid and utility operation and (3) a modular communication architecture based on standardized communication protocols to grant the flexibility required by the stakeholder diversification and to cope with massively distributed embedded systems in the distribution grid
CIGRE Zagreb 7822. studeni 2010
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
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• W2E - WEB to Energy, 01/2010 - 12/2012
– Develop an open, universally accessible and standardized ICT communication infrastructure
– Consistent, homogeneous and uniform application of globally accepted IEC standards, specifically for Communication protocols (IEC 61850), ICT network security (IEC TS 62351) and Database management using CIM (IEC 61968)
– The W2E project develops the interfaces between all three levels and in this way opens “plug and play” and interoperability capabilities.
– W2E thus provides a seamless approach to standardization from the process level, through the ICT infrastructure up to the control centre level.
CIGRE Zagreb 7922. studeni 2010
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
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• ICOEUR - Intelligent coordination of operation and emergency control of EU and Russian power grids, 01/2009 - 12/2011
– Wide Area Monitoring, Control and Protection
– Advanced network controllers (FACTS) and HVDC systems
• OPEN METER - Open Public Extended Network metering, 01/2009 - 06/2011
– Specify a comprehensive set of open and public standards for AMI, supporting electricity, gas, water and heat metering
– Enable relevant industries to agree, implement and embrace the new set of international standards specified
CIGRE Zagreb 8022. studeni 2010
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(natavak)
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CIGRE Zagreb 8122. studeni 2010
Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
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• IRENE-40 - Infrastructure Roadmap for Energy Networks in Europe, 09/2008 - 09/2012
– Identify strategies to build a more secure, ecologically sustainable and competitive European electricity system
– The strategies will be presented in a roadmap, i.e. a timeline with actions and a description of development stages towards future electricity networks over the coming 40 years. It will provide investment strategies for the individual stakeholders
• REALISEGRID - REseArch, methodoLogIes and technologieS for the effective development of pan-European key GRID infrastructures to support the achievement of a reliable, competitive and sustainable electricity supply, 09/2008 - 03/2011
– Develop a set of criteria, metrics, methods and tools to assess how the transmission infrastructure should be optimally developed to support the achievement of a reliable, competitive and sustainable electricity supply in the European Union (EU).
CIGRE Zagreb 8222. studeni 2010
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Smart Grids projekti – EU FP7– EU FP7 – detalji(nastavak)
• PEGASE - Pan European Grid Advanced Simulation and state Estimation, 07/2008 - 06/2012
– Define the most appropriate state estimation, optimization and simulation frameworks, their performance and dataflow requirements to achieve an integrated security analysis and control of the European Transmission Networks
• ADDRESS - Active Distribution networks with full integration of Demand and distributed energy RESourceS, 06/2008 - 05/2012
– Develop new innovative architectures for Active Distribution Networks (ADN) able to balance in real time power generation and demand allowing network operators, consumers, retailers and stakeholders to benefit from the increased flexibility of the entire system
– Innovative use of communications, automation and household technologies will be combined with new trading mechanisms and algorithms providing ADN with low cost and reliable solutions.
– A cost/benefit analysis of different solutions will be developed.
CIGRE Zagreb 8322. studeni 2010
Dodatak 5: Izvori i literatura
Izvori i literatura
(1) Panamerican exhibition in Buffalo, USA, 1908, http://ublib.buffalo.edu/libraries/exhibits/panam/sel/electricity.html#cpcc
(2) Satelitski snimci Zemlje, http://www.nightskynation.com/pics/earth-at-night.jpg
(3) Strategic Deployment Document of the EU Technology Platform Smart Grids, http://www.smartgrids.eu/documents/SmartGrids_SDD_FINAL_APRIL2010.pdf
(4) Instalirana snaga i energija vjetroelektrana u EU 2010-2030, www.ewea.org
(5) Instalirana snaga i proizvodnja u EU 2010-2030, Eurelectric, http://www2.eurelectric.org/content/default.asp?PageID=947
(6) T. Kapetanovic et al: „Provision of Ancillary Services by Dispersed Generation and Demand Side Response - Needs, Barriers and Solutions”, CIGRE 2008 Artikel, C6-107
(7) Uredba o trzistu elektricne energije 20009/72/EG, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32009L0072:EN:NOT
Technische Universität Wien 84
(8) Uredba o energetskoj ucinkovitosti 2006/32/EG, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:114:0064:0085:DE:PDF
(9) Austrijski zakon o trzistu el. energije ElWOG, http://www.e-control.at/portal/pls/ portal/portal.kb_folderitems_xml.redirectToItem?pMasterthingId=53367
(10) T. Kapetanovic: „Entwicklung eins hybriden wissensbasierten Systems für die Sicherheitsüberwachung elektrischer Energieversorgungssysteme“, disertacija, Institut für elektrische Anlagen, TU Wien, travanj 1997
(11) UCTE Frequency Report 2009, https://www.entsoe.eu/fileadmin/user_upload_library/publications/ce/otherreports/090330_UCTE_FrequencyInvestigationReport_Abstract.pdf
(12) CEER Security of Supply Report 2004, http://www.energyregulators.eu/ portal/page/portal/EER_HOME/EER_PUBLICATIONS/CEER_ERGEG_PAPERS/Electricity/2004/CEER_SECURITYELECTRICITYUPPLYREPORT2004_09-04.PDF
Technische Universität Wien 85
Izvori i literatura (nastavak)
Izvori i literatura (nastavak)
(13)Regulacija (EG) 714/2009, http://www.e-control.at/portal/pls/portal/ portal.kb_folderitems_xml.redirectToItem?pMasterthingId=237406
(14) 2. ENTSOE Workshop on grid connection requirements for generators, 05. studeni2010, www.entsoe.eu
(15) Smart Grids projekti u okviru EU FP7, http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/eu/projects/index_en.cfm#results
(16) Smart Grids in Österreich, www.bmvit.gv.at
(17) EU Kommission Task Force for Smart Grids, http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/taskforce_en.htm
(18) www.desertec.org
Technische Universität Wien 86
Izvori i literatura (nastavak)
(19)UCTE (sada ENTSO-E Kontinentaleuropa) Operation Handbook Policy 1, www.entsoe.eu
(20) M. Korpas, E. Stenvik, T. Gjengedal: „Generic Sizing Methodology for remote Wind-Hydrogen Power Systems“, CIGRE Session 2006, Artikel C6-112
(21) Rotating masses storage, product information, Beacon Power, July 2010
(22) e-Connected Abschlussbericht, www.bmvit.gv.at
(23) Prospects for Large-Scale energy Storage in Decarbonized Power Grids, IEA 2009, www.iea.org
(24) Electrical Storage Association, www.electricitystorage.org
(25) European Wind Integration Study EWIS, www.entsoe.eu
(26) The Common Information Model for Distribution, EPRI 2008, 101058, www.epri.com
Technische Universität Wien 87
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