simple past tense (di-li geçmiş zaman) (past tense ...€¦ · sonu “y” harfi ile biten ve...

Simple Past Tense (Di-li geçmiş zaman) (PAST TENSE) yardımcı fiili (Did) Konu Anlatımı ve Testler

Simple Past Tense (Di-li geçmiş zaman) (PAST TENSE) yardımcı fiili (Did)

FİİLLER

Kurallı Fiiller Kuralsız Fiiller

Kurallı fiiller:

1. hâli

2. hâli (Ed) takısı

3. hâli (Ed) takısı

İstemek

wanted

1 / 80

wanted

İzlemek

watched

Sevmek

Varmak

arrive

2 / 80

arrived

Oynamak

played

Geçmiş zamanda olumlu cümlede fiillerin 2. hâli (ed) takısı almış hâli kulanılır.

Düzenli fiilleri 2. hale koymak için “d”, “ed” veya “ied” gelmektedir.

Fiillerin çoğuna “-ed” eklenir.

3 / 80

open opened start started want wanted

Sonu e harfi ile biten fiillere sadece “d” eklenir.

like liked live lived arrive arrived

Sonu tek bir sessiz harfle biten ve tek sesli harfi bulunan fiillerde sonda bulunan sessiz harf çiftolur.

rob robbed beg begged ship spipped fit fitted

Sonu “y” harfi ile biten ve “y” den önce sessiz harf bulunan fiillerde “y” düşer ve bu tip fiillere“ied” eklenir.

try tried cry cried marry married

Kuralsız fiiller:

1. hâli

4 / 80

2. hâli

3. hali

Gitmek

Görmek

İçmek

5 / 80

Satmak

Satm almak

bought

6 / 80

Ayrılmak

Yemek yemek

Sahip olmak

have/has

7 / 80

Geçmiş zaman olumlu cümlelerde kurallı veya kuralsız fiillerin 2. hâlleri kulamlır.

Ago önce

Last : geçen Yesterday: dün

I watched TV. Last night.

Ben geçen gece televizyon izledim.

He watched TV. Yesterday.

0 dün televizyon izledi.

1 listened to the readio two hours ago.

İki saat önce radyo dinledim.

8 / 80

I visited My. Mother yesterday.

Dün annemi ziyaret ettim.

( kuralsız fiille )

ÖZNE FİİLİN 2. HALİ NESNE ZAMAN ZARFI

Örnek :

I went to İzmir / yesterday. Dün İzmir’e gittim.

/ last year. Geçen yıl İzmir’e gittim.

/ two days ago. İki gün önce İzmir’e gittim.

Örnek :

I saw Ali last week.

Ali’yi geçen hafta gördüm.

9 / 80

Olumsuz cümle : ( fiilin 1. hâli kullanılır. Ve did-not veya didn’t)

ÖZNE DiD NOT FİİLİN 1. HALİ NESNE ZAMAN ZARFI DiDN’T

Örnek :

I did not watch TV. Last night.

Geçen gece TV. İzlemedim.

I didn’t g oto İzmir yesterday.

Dün İzmir’e gitmedim.

I didn’t see Ali last week.

Geçen hafta Ali’yi görmedim.

I didn’t visit my. Mother yesterday.

Dün annemi ziyaret etmedim.

Soru cümlesi: ( fiilin 1. hali)

10 / 80

Did Özne Fiilini, hali Nesne Zaman zarfı?

Örnek :

Did you play tennis yesterday?

Dün tenis oynadın mı?

Cevap:

Yes, I did Evet, oynadım.

Yes, I played tennis yesterday.

Evet, dün tenis oynadım.

No, I didn’t Hayır, oynamadım.

No, I didn’t play tennis yesterday.

Hayır, dün tenis oynamadım.

11 / 80

Did ile sorulan sorularda özneden( şahıs zamirlerinden) sonra FİİL gelir.

Kanşık cümleler I bought my car last year.

Arabamı geçen yıl aldım.

They came to Ankara five years ago.

Onlar Ankara’ya beş yıl önce geldiler.

She slept until her friends came.

Arkadaşları gelinceye kadar uyudu.

The game started at ten o’clock.

Oyun saat onda başladı.

My grandfather worked here for five years.

Dedem burada beş yıl çalıştı.

12 / 80

How long did the journey take?

Yolculuk ne kadar zaman aldı?

What did you do before you went to bed?

Yatmadan önce ne yaptın?

Did she eat two sandwiches yesterday?

O iki sandviç yedi mi?

The man didn’t wash his car.

Adam arabasını yıkamadı.

The man washed his car.

Adam arabasını yıkadı.

We posted the letters.

13 / 80

Mektupları postaladık.

She ate two sandwiches.

0 iki sandviç yedi.

What did you do last night?

Dün gece ne yaptın?

Madde.3- Am-Is-Are yardımcı fiillerinin geçmiş hâli

1 = am

He = is Geçmiş hâli WAS She = is it = is

You = are

We = are Geçmiş hâli WERE They = are

Cümlede (WAS- WERE) den sonra FİİL gelmez.

Olumlu cümle:

14 / 80

I was at home last night.

Geçen gece evde değildim.

You were in îzmir yesterday.

Sen dün İzmir’de idin.

Olumsuz cümle:

I was not( wasn’t) at home last night.

Geçen gece evde değildim.

You weren’t in İzmir yesterday.

Sen dün îzmir de değildin.

Soru cümlesi:

15 / 80

Were you in İzmir yesterday?

Sen dün îzmir de miydin?

Yes, I was.

Evet, ordaydım.

No, I wasn’t.

Hayır, değildim.

Soru da WERE YOU- varsa cevapta da I WAS/WASN’T vardır. Tam tersi olabilir.

Were you here yesterday?

Sen dün burada miydin?

Yes, I was here yesterday.

Evet, dün oradaydım.

No, I wasn’t here yesterday.

16 / 80

Hayır, orada değildim.

Was Ali at home yesterday?

Dün Ali evde miydi?

Yes, he was.

Evet, evdeydi.

No, he wasn’t.

Hayır, evde değildi.

Where were you last night?

Geçen gece neredeydin?

I was at home last night.

Geçen gece evdeydim.

17 / 80

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1881 in Selanik. He was the founder and the first President of theRepublic of Turkey His mother’s name was Zübeyde Hamm. His father’s name was Ali Rıza. Hewent to the school of Semsi Efendi in Selanik.

He entered the Military Secondary School In 1895 in Selanik. after finishing the MilitaiySecondary School, Mustafa Kemal entered the Militaiy High School (Askeri Idadisi).

He entered the infantry class of the Military Academy (Harbiye Harp Okulu) on the 13th ofMarch 1899. After graduating the Military Academy, Mustafa Kemal went on to the General StaffCollege in 1902. He was graduated from the Academy with the rank of captain on the 11th ofJanuary, 1905.

At the end of the Balkan War, Mustafa Kemal was appointed military attaché in Sofía. WhenMustafa Kemal was in Sofía, the First World War broke out. He was appointed to theCommander of the Anafartalar Group in 1915. In the First World War he was in command of theTurkish forces at Anafartalar. Allied forces landed at the Dardanelles (Canakkale Strait) and hedefended the counry at Gallipoli.

He arrived in Samsun on Monday 19th May 1919. He established congresses in Amasya,Erzurum and Sivas to save the country from the enemy.

He opened the Turkish Grand National Assemblvon on 23rd of April, 1920. On the same dayMustafa Kemal was elected President of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. Atatürk died at09:05 at Dolmabahce Palace in Istanbul On November 10,1938 .

His principles are:

* Republicanism

18 / 80

* Nationalism

* Populism

* Secularism

* Revolutionism

* Statism

He made reforms on: Legal system, education system, dress, Civil rights for women, work on history, change of calender, measure, holidays and surname.

When was Mustafa Kemal bom?

Where was he bom?

19 / 80

What was his mother’s and father’s name?

When did he land at Samsun?

What happenned on 23 April, 1923

When did he open the Turkish Grand National Assembly?

What did he do on 29 October, 1923?

20 / 80

When did he die?

Where did he die?

Lesson Two I was studying at 7

Bu derste Past Continuous Tense zamammm öğreneceksiniz. Past Continuous Tense geçmiştesürekli olarak gerçekleşen olay lan anlatmak için kullanılan bir zamandır.

Past Continuous Tense yardımcı fiil olarak was ve were yardımcı fiiler kullanılır.

Özne was verb-ing were

She was studying Mathematics yesterday morning. (Dün öğleden sonra matematik çahşıyordu)

I was having dinner at 8 o’clock last night.

(Geçen akşam saat 08’de akşam yemeği yiyordum)

21 / 80

Past Continuous Tense ile olumsuz cümle nasıl yapılır?

Özne was not verb-ing were

Aşağıdaki (negative) olumsuz cümleleri inceleyiniz

I was not playing tennis yesterday afternoon. (Dün öğleden sonra tenis oynamıyordum)

Past Continuous Tense ile soru cümlesi nasıl kurulur?

Was Özne Verb-ing? Were

Past Continnons Tense ile sormak için “Was” veya “were” sözcükleri soru cümlesinin başında

22 / 80

kullanılır. Cevabında mutlaka “Yes / No “ bulunur.

Aşağıdaki sorulan ve kısa yanıtlarım inceleyiniz.

TOM : Were you dancing with Julia yesterday?

(Dün Julia ile mi dansediyordun?)

EMMA : Yes, I was.

SALLY: No, I wasn’t

-Was Kate drinking tea in the morning?

23 / 80

(Kate sabah, çaymı içiyordu?)

-Yes, she was.

What were you doing last nigt?

Dün akşam ne yapıyordun?

I was watching TV.

TV seyrediyordum.

24 / 80

What was she doing yesterday morning?

She was cleaning her room.

Odasını temizliyordu.

Bu ünitenin 2. dersinde Past Continuous Tense zamanının cümle yapışım, soru ve olumsuz

cümlelerinin nasıl kullanıldığım öğrendiniz. Bu dersimizde, Past Continnons Tense’in main

clause (ana cümlecik) ve time clanse (zaman cümleciği) olarak Simple Past Tense ile birlikte

aynı cümlede kullanılışını göreceksiniz.

“While* ve “as” aynı sürede olagelen iki olayı bağlarken kullanılan zaman zarflandır, “iken”

anlamını verirler.

25 / 80

As / while Mary was studying, Tom was riding a bicycle. Bu cümlede; “Mary was studying”

cümleciği time clause (zaman cümleciği) olarak kullanıldı. “Tom was riding a bicycle” ise main

clause (ana cümlecik) oldu. Mary çalışırken, Tom bisiklete biniyordu. Eğer “while” veya “as”

diğer cümleciğin başmda kullanılırsa While/As Tom was riding a bicycle, Mary was studying

(Tom bisiklete binerken , Mary ders çalışıyordu.) “Tom was riding a bicycle” cümleciği; time

clause (zaman cümleciği), “Mary was studying” cümleciği; main clause (ana cümlecik) olur. Bu

cümleyi aşağıdaki gibi de ifade edebiliriz: Mary was studying while / as Tom was riding a

bicycle.

(Tom bisiklete binerken Mary ders çalışıyordu) veya Tom was riding a bicycle while-/ as Mary

was studying (Mary çalışırkenTom bisiklete biniyordu)

While veya as daima zaman cümleciğ nin (time clause) başmda kullanılır. Time clause konulur.

Cümlenin başmda kullanılırsa, main clause’a seçmeden önce comma (virgül) konulur.

Cümle main clause ile başlıyor, sonra timeclause kullanılıyorsa, arada comma (virgül)

kullanılmaz.

26 / 80

Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz:

While/As I was coming here, they were playing football.

Buraya geliyorken onlar futbol oynuyordu.

They were playing football while/as I was coming here.

While/as the students were shouting, the teacher was drinking tea. Öğrenciler bağınken

öğretmen çay içiyordu. The teacher was drinking tea while/as the students were shouting.

Past ContinuousTense ile Simple Past Tense’i aym cümlede main clause ve time clause olarak

birbirine nasıl bağlanabilir?

27 / 80

Geçmişte bir olay devam etmekte iken bir başka olayın olması durumunda devam etmekte olan

olayı, Past Continuous Tense ile, o sürüyorken olan 2. olayı Simple Past Tense ile ifade ederek

main clause veya time clause olarak kullanabiliriz.

Time clause gösteren olay Simple Past Tense ise başmda “when” zaman zarfı Past Continuous

Tense ise başmda “as I when I while“ zaman zarflan kullanılır.

Aşağıdaki İki olayı dikkatlice inceleyiniz:

The tube exploded He was heating

While / As / when he was heating, the tube exploded

28 / 80

(Tüpü ısıtıyorken, patladı)

The tube exploded While / As / when he was heating (Tüpü ısıtıyorken, patladı)

Bu cümlelerde “He was heating” cümleciği, “time clause”, “it exploded” cümleciği, “main clause”

olarak kullanıldı.

EXERCISE A :

Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the paranthesis

29 / 80

I (have) an accident two weeks ago when I (go) to school.

The weather was horrible and it............... (rain) very hard.

I........................... (cycle) along the Park Road at about 8.30 in the morning. When a car driver

suddenly

...... (open) the door of a car parked in front of me. I (try) to brake

down when I (see) the car door, but there wasn’t enough time and

I.................................................. (crash)

into the door, and (fall) onto the road when the accident (happen) and they

30 / 80

...... (come) to apologise (shout) at him because I was very hungry.

SUMMARY (Özet) Simple Past Tense (Di li Geçmiş Zaman)

31 / 80

to the cinema

yesterday last week 2 days ago

didn’t

32 / 80

to the cinema

yesterday

33 / 80

last week

2 days ago

34 / 80

35 / 80

36 / 80

37 / 80

to the cinema

yesterday

38 / 80

last week

39 / 80

2 days ago

40 / 80

41 / 80

42 / 80

Past Continuous Tense Affirmative sentence (Olumlu cümle)

43 / 80

44 / 80

45 / 80

playing tennis

at 10 o’clock yesterday

46 / 80

47 / 80

Negative sentence (Olumsuz cümle)

wasn’t

48 / 80

49 / 80

playing tennis

50 / 80

at 10 o’clock yesterday

weren’t

51 / 80

52 / 80

Question Form (Soru hali)

53 / 80

54 / 80

playing tennis

at 10 o’clock yesterday?

55 / 80

56 / 80

57 / 80

Short answers (Kısa cevaplar)

58 / 80

59 / 80

60 / 80

wasn’t

61 / 80

weren’t

62 / 80

WORDLIST

63 / 80

UNIT TWO

Struggle

mücadele etmek

Independence

bağımsızlık

64 / 80

karaya çıkmak, / yere inmek

Invite

davet etmek

Delegate

temsilci

65 / 80

Congress

kongre, toplantı

Country

Create

yaratmak

66 / 80

kurmak

Champagne

şampanya

Pavement

kaldırım

67 / 80

fren yapmak

çarpmak

Seriously

ciddi şekilde

68 / 80

War of Independence

Bağımsızlık Savaşı

The Turkish Republic

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti

Republic day

Cumhuriyet bayramı

69 / 80

Commander

komutan

Defeat

yenmek

independence

bağımsızlık

70 / 80

Military attache

askeri ataşe

Peace treaty.

Barış anlaşması

Victory day.

Zafer günü

71 / 80

Withdraw

çekilmek

The Turkish Great

National Assembly

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi

72 / 80

1) The moon........ brightly when we were walking along the seaside last night

A) is shining

B) was shining

C) shines

D) shoned

73 / 80

2) I was buying a book when I one of my old friends.

A) met

B) was meeting

C) meet

D) am meeting

3) I’m afraid I.. hear the doorbell. I in the garden at that time.

A) didn’t / work

74 / 80

B) didn’t / am working

C) don’t / was working

D) didn’t / was working

4) What........ from 10 to 11 last night?

A) have you done

B) are you doing

75 / 80

C) were you doing

D) do you do

5) There....... nobody in the room when I in.

A) was / come

B) is/come

C) was / have come

D) was / came

76 / 80

6) She....... her leg while she. tennis.

A) is hurting / plays

B) hurt / was playing

C) was hurting / played

D) hurt / played

7) What......... while he.... fast?

77 / 80

A) happened / was driving

B) did happen / was driving

C) happened / is driving

D) happenes / was driving

8) My mum..... like the hotel we in Bodrum last summer.

A) didn’t / stayed

B) doesn’t/stay

78 / 80

C) doesn’t / are staying

D) didn’t / stay

9) They........ French as I.... German.

A) studied / am studying

B) were studying / was studying

C) have studied / was studying

79 / 80

D) were studying / have studied

10) ....... you having lunch when you. her?

A) Were / see

B) Are/saw

C) were /saw

Did / saw

80 / 80

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