shelter in natural disasters (1)
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www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Emergency SHELTER in Natural Disasters
SHELTER Session for
trainings
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Shelter after disaster…
What is shelter Emerging trends & challenges – the big picture Phases in shelter Shelter as a process not a product Shelter in emergency operations The shelter tools
Time: 90 minutes
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Defining “shelter”…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Shelter and Settlements
Community participation
Organisational Development
Cross-cutting issues…
Camp Management
Coordination with others
Other issues…
Emergency, early recovery, recovery
Housing and Urban issuesLand and housing property rights
Infrastructures
Construction
Safe Construction Appropriate technologies
Construction Management
Shelter concept on a disaster response…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Some shelter numbers…
66 million – people with houses damaged by 2007 Asia floods (Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China, DPRK, Vietnam, India)
1.8 million – homes destroyed or damaged in Pakistan by the last Floods in 2010
47.9% - housing as a percentage of total cost of tsunami damage in Indonesia
CHF 100 million - IFRC spend on Aceh transitional shelter programme
140,000 HH helped by RCRC in Haiti with Emergency Shelter (covering kit, tents & STK)
CHF 310 - cost of a family tent to international specifications CHF 100 – cost of air freighting one family tent CHF 60 – cost of IFRC Shelter Kit CHF 600 – cost of building materials, tools, fixings etc. for Pakistan
earthquake transitional shelter 2006
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Disaster trends…
Climate change
+
urbanisation
+
social & economic marginalisation
=
INCREASED SHELTER RISK
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings IFRC and shelter…
IFRC is the leading agency in the shelter sector for natural disasters– and few other agencies have shelter in their mandate
National Societies implement a wide range of emergency, transitional and permanent housing. However only since 2006 IFRC has created a Shelter Department.
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Before disaster
Disaster & emergency
response
Beyond emergency response
Before disaster
over time households build, extend and upgrade houses using materials, cash, contracted local labour or self-help
Beyond emergency response
households will over time extend and upgrade shelter solutions provided using materials, cash, contracted local labour or self-help
Emergency response should support the sheltering process providing materials, cash, contracted local labour or self-help + technical support as appropriate
The process of sheltering…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Recovery shelter/housing
Early Recovery
shelter Emergency shelter
Self recovery
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Tent Container House
Product / Phase Approach
Process/ Needs Approach:
Money
Materials Tools
Support
Guidance
Product vs. process…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Shelter Operations…
Assessments Programming and Coordination Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Informed assessments
Assessments: Rapid, detailed, ongoing
What are affected households doing themselves to meet their shelter needs and how can we assist them? (use Sphere 2011 Shelter Checklist – adapt as needed)
Consider separate needs of: Those displaced temporarily or permanently From those who can return to the site of their
damaged/destroyed home The issues of tenure
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Displaced and non-displaced population
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Get Emergency Shelter going & move to Early Recovery ASAP
Emergency Shelter (live saving) – 3 options:1. Coverage kit: (2 tarps + rope)2. Shelter Kit: (2 tarps + tools (includes rope + fixings))3. Family tent (tents can delay recovery process)+ basic/simple technical advice
Early recovery Shelter – 5 options: 1. Transitional shelter (T-shelter)2. Construction material (roofing, walling, flooring)3. Tools4. Cash & Voucher/ credit card5. Technical support/ awareness campaign (safe shelter)
Shelter Programming
+ complemented with NFIs + new HH kit.
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Contents: 2 tarpaulins (to specs) + 20 metres of rope (10 kg) Technical advice (one pager on how to fix tarp to rope,
wood, and bamboo)
Cost: 40 CHFChallenges: Rope has to be bought locally.When to use: • Need for quick, low cost response• There are other materials available (salvaged…)Plastic Sheeting Guidelines, Shade Nets Guidelines
Coverage Kit
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Contents: 2 tarps + Shelter Toolkit (20Kg) Technical advice (one flyer on how
to fix tarp to rope, wood, and bamboo)
Cost: 60 CHFChallenges: Bulkier than coverage kit. Machetes.When to use: • Variety of situations, versatile• There are other materials
available (salvaged…)Shelter kit guidelines + SK training
IFRC Shelter Kit
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Repair or build
Use of “Shelter Kit”…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Contents: 16m2 family tent (64 kg) Technical advice (one-pager
on where to put the tent, how to prepare the ground and how to erect it)
Cost: 310 CHFChallenges: difficult to combine, evolve, adaptWhen to use: • Life-saving need for quick answer and no materials available• Big emergencies (all solutions are needed)• Non-technical reasons • Political issues (Gvmt/ HNS)Tent guidelines (available with assembly instruction)
Family tent
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Implementation Shelter response…
•Initial assessment – Initial POA
•Identification needs STT
•Shelter Movement Coordination
•Shelter Programme Manager IFRC
Shelter FACT
•Technical support to shelter implementation
STT(Shelter Technical Team)
•Coordinate/provide logistic support technical programmes.
Logistic FACT -> ERUSUPPORT SERVICES
•Coordinate/implement relief response, including Emergency shelter/NFIs.
Relief FACT -> ERU
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Implementation EMERGENCY Shelter response…
ACTIVITY WHO DOES WHO SUPPORTS
COORDINATES WITH
WHO APPROVES
Define EMERGENCY Shelter Response - Initial assessments- identifying technical solution- target beneficiaries caseload- working plan & budget
Shelter FACT/ HNS Counterpart
STTIFRC ZO/HQ (technical line)Relief ERU
Relief FACTLogistic FACTFACT membersRC/RC MovementShelter CLUSTER
FACT TL/HoOp/HNS
PROCUREMENT - national/international
Logistic FACT/ RLU/ HNS Counterpart
IFRC ZO/IFRC HQ (logistic departments)
Shelter FACT/ STT TL
FACT TL/HoOp/HNS<50.000 Log FACT>50.000<400.000 RLU>400.000 IFRC HQ
DELIVERY - HH assessment for distribution- registration & ticketing- volunteers training- distribution and M&E
Relief ERU/ HNS Counterpart
Relief FACTShelter FACT/STTLogistic ERU
Relief FACTShelter CLUSTERRC/RC Movement
FACT TL/HNS
AWARENESS -develop material - volunteers training- awareness campaign and M&E
STT/ HNS Counterpart
Relief ERU/ HNS distribution teams
Shelter CLUSTERRC/RC Movement
Shelter FACT/ STT TL/ HNS Counterpart
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings
Implementation EARLY RECOVERY Shelter response…
ACTIVITY WHO DOES WHO SUPPORTS
COORDINATES WITH
WHO APPROVES
-Define EARLY RECOVERY Shelter Response - technical solution- target beneficiaries- working plan & budget
Shelter FACT or shelter programme coord/ HNS Counterpart
STTIFRC ZO/HQ (technical line)MDAT (recovery surge capacity)
Relief FACT/ERULogistic FACT/ERUFACT membersRC/RC MovementShelter CLUSTER
FACT TL/HoOp/ HNS
PROCUREMENT - national/international
Logistic FACT/RLU
IFRC ZO/IFRC HQ (logistic departments)
Shelter FACT/ STT TL
FACT TL/HoOp/ HNS<50.000 Log FACT>50.000 <400.000 RLU>400.000 IFRC HQ
DELIVERY -Need/damage assessments- registration- community mobilization- volunteers training- implementation
STT/ HNS Counterpart
Logistic FACT/ERURelief FACT/ERU Shelter staffBeneficiaries
Shelter CLUSTERRC/RC MovementFACT members(integrate approach)
Shelter FACT/shelter programme coordinator/HNS
AWARENESS -develop material - volunteers training- awareness campaign
STT/ HNS Counterpart
Shelter staff Shelter CLUSTERRC/RC Movement
Shelter FACT/ STT TL/ HNS Counterpart
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Other aspects to consider…
Lack of shelter counterpart within HNS Shelter response should be linked with watsan, health,
livelihood (integrated approach) and general relief programming.
Shelter is often a key component of recovery programming – consider household livelihood activities and potential local economic impact of shelter response.
Procurement & Logistics and relief are key to successful shelter.
Gender and crosscutting issues Include monitoring & evaluation of the solution in
budget.
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Shelter resources and support
Globally pre-positioned tarps, shelter kits and tents in Regional Logistics Units
Emergency Items Catalogue (ERIC) online www.ifrc.org/emergency-items
FedNet & DMIS: tools and resources, guidelines, videos, documents, examples
Technical focal points within Secretariat (ZO & GVA) to support shelter response, specifications, programming tools, guidance, and longer term programming
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Shelter & Settlement TECHNICAL support
Graham SAUNDERSHead of Department
Sandra D’URZO Policy
Americas
Carmen FERRER Americas Zone , Panama
Ela SERDAROGLU Capacity Building Asia
Pacific & MENA
Gregg MCDONALD Asia Pacific DMU,
Kuala Lumpur
Corinne TREHERNE Technical Support Africa
Marta PEÑA Support Ops & Trainings Europe & Central Asia
Alberto MONGUZZI Europe Zone, Budapest
Pablo MEDINA Global Shelter Cluster
Rea IVANEK Senior Assistant
IFRC HEAD QUARTER (GVA) IFRC ZONE OFFICES
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings For more information…
www.ifrc.orgSaving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER Session for
trainings Questions?
Thanks for your interest !
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