separation of components of mixtures

Different methods of separation are used to get individual components from a mixture. Separation makes it possible to study and use the individual component of a mixture.

Heterogeneous mixtures can be separated into their respective constituents by simple physical method like:- filtration, sieving, handpicking that we use in our daily life. Sometimes special techniques have to be used for the separation of the components of a mixture.

THE

PHENOMENON

OF CHANGE OF

A LIQUID INTO

VAPOURS AT

ANY

TEMPERATURE

BELOW ITS

I. Take a beaker and filled it half with water .

II. Put a watch glass on the mouth of the beaker .

III. Put few drops of ink on the watch glass .

IV. Now start heating the beaker . We don’t want to heat the ink directly . You will see that evaporation is taking place from the watch glass .

V. Continue heating as the evaporation goes on and stop heating when you do not see any further change on the watch glass .

VI. You will see that the water from the ink is get evaporated and only dry dye is left .

Used in diagnostic

laboratories for blood

and urine tests .

Used in dairies and

homes to separate butter

from cream .

used in washing

machines to squeeze out water from wet cloth .

SEPARATION OF TWO IMMISCIBLE LIQUID

EXAMPLES

Ammonium chloride

.

Naphthalene .

Camphor .

Anthracene .

.

APPLICATIONS

TO SEPARATE

COLOUR IN A DYE .

DRUGS FROM BLOOD .

PIGMENTS FROM NATURAL COLOURS .

The method of

distillation is used for

the separation of

components of a

mixture containing

two miscible liquids

that boil without

decomposition and

have sufficient

differences in their boiling points .

Fractional distillation

To separate a mixture

of two or more

miscible liquid for

which the difference

in boiling point is less

than 25 k, than

fractional distillation

is used.

DECANTING

Separation of gases from air

crystillation

These all

separations can be

happen only in mixture