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22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 1
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Reiner Hoppe, Gerd Wölfle and Michel-Guy Françon, Cécile Prigent
Radio Network Planning Tool forSatellite Digital Multimedia Broadcast
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 2
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
� Introduction to SDMB
� Concept of SDMB Planning Tool
� Wave Propagation Modelling
� SDMB System Simulator
� Simulation Results
� Conclusions
Outline
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 3
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Introduction
SDMB System Overview� SDMB aims to provide multimedia services to the mobile user
� handset as user terminal
� SDMB relies on WCDMA air interface � compliant to 3GPP UTRA FDD
� Hybrid satellite & terrestrial infrastructure � coverage outdoor and indoor
3G handsetSDMB enabled
High power geo-stationary satellite
Terrestrial repeater
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 4
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
IntroductionSDMB System Overview
� Satellite beam provides umbrella cell over all environments (urban, suburban, rural)
� Satellite signal blocked in urban street canyons and in indoor environments
� Terrestrial repeaters (IMR) as gap-fillers for urban and indoor areas
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 5
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Introduction
Why do we need a SDMB planning tool?� Trade open radio parameters of SDMB system architecture
� Satellite segment- Tx power per beam- Interbeam interference- Througput (how many channels/codes, data rates)
� Repeater (IMR) segment- Required density to achieve urban and indoor coverage- Transmitting power- Antenna configuration (sector/omni)- Processing delay
� User terminal- Rake Receiver integrated in user terminal - Number of Rake fingers- Size of Rake window
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 6
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Structure of the SDMB Planning Tool
Wave propagation modelling of the radio channels Channel
profiles
Satellite channel
Terrestrial repeater channel
SDMB system simulation
Definition ofSDMB system:
- Satellite segment- Repeater segment- User terminal segm.
Investigation ofSDMB
performance
Concept
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 7
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Concept
Structure of the SDMB Planning Tool� Integration of SDMB system simulator into ProMan (commercial planning tool),
i.e. computation of path loss delay profiles and SDMB system simulation within one program
� Specification of- Satellite segment- Repeater segment- User terminal segment
� Evaluation of SDMB performance (Eb/Nt)
� Based on prediction of pathloss delay profiles (1st part)
� SDMB system simulation (2nd part)
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 8
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Determination of the Path Loss Delay Profiles� For satellite beam and each terrestrial repeater
� Two choices concerning the wave propagation modelling� Deterministic ray-optical model for urban scenarios (and indoor)
for both satellite and terrestrial repeaters� Empirical LMS wideband channel model for rural scenarios (according to DLR)
for satellite only
� Path loss delay profile for each point within rectangular grid
� Channel profiles weigthed with Tx power and processing/propagation delay (IMR)form basis of SDMB system simulation
Wave Propagation
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 9
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Propagation Environments and DatabasesClutter- and Topographical Databases for Wide (Rural) Areas
� Land usage described by clutter database (channel profile according to clutter)
� Terrain profile given by topographical database
� Prediction resolution in the range 100-250m
Clutter data for vicinity of Paris (80x80km2) Topo data for Stuttgart area (30x30km2)
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 10
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Propagation Environments and DatabasesBuilding Databases for Urban (Suburban) Areas
� Vector building data, i.e. each building described by polygonal cylinder
� Terrain profile given by topographical database (resolution in the range 20-50m)(if required, i.e. urban area is not flat)
� Prediction resolution ~10m
Vector buildingdata for Munich
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 11
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Deterministic Ray-Optical Wave Propagation Modelling
� Based on 3-D building data in vector format
� Ray tracing considers dominant characteristics
� Reflection
� Diffraction
� Shadowing
� Wave guiding
� Max. number of threeinteractions (refl./diffract.)
� Reduced computationtime due to preprocessing
Wave Propagation
Rx
Tx
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 12
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Empirical Wideband LMS Channel Model� Provides typical profiles of the LMS channel in the 2 GHz band
� Based on the evaluation of measurement data
� LMS model (satellite channel) described in different publications of DLR
� Alternative to the deterministic ray-optical model (for wide/rural scenarios)
� Channel profile depending on satellite elevation angle and environment� Urban� Suburban� Rural
� Superposition of three submodels leads to channel profile� Direct path� Near echos� Far echos
Wave Propagation
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 13
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Simulation Approach� Superposition of satellite and repeater channel profiles
� Consideration of link budget for each tap � adaptation of power and delay� Tx power per code� Tx antenna gain� handheld antenna gain� processing and prop. delay
� Sort taps according to increasing delay
� Distinction between data and signalling channels
� Consideration of rake receiver
SDMB System Simulation
Start of Rake window
End of Rake window
t in µs
power [dBm]
Signalling channels (common channels)
Other data channels
Dedicated data channel
Satellite 1st Repeater 2nd Repeater
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 14
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Rake Receiver� Definition of rake window (start, end, resolution)
� Calculation of C/I within each Rake finger � selection of N best fingers
� Signal power: Contribution of data channel in given Rake finger
� Interference power: Noise, inter-system and inter-beam interference power plus all contributions arriving out of the considered Rake finger (power addition)
� Max. ratio combining of N best Rake fingers (according to C/I)
SDMB System Simulation
Start of Rake window
t [µs]
power [dBm]
Signalling channels (common channels)Other data channels
Dedicated data channel{
{signal power C
code orthogonal
code orthogonal
= interference power I
1st Rake finger period
End of Rake window
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 15
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Simulation Parameters� Baseline SDMB architecture: 3 satellites providing 6 nation-wide spot beams
� Simulation of single satellite beam (10° east) with EIRP of 72 dBW
� Throughput of 2 traffic channels with 384 kbps each at one frequency carrier
� Simulations carried out for two environments: rural and urban
SDMB Simulation Results
Satellite Segment Terrestrial Repeater (IMR) Segment User Equipment Segment
Orbital height 36000 km Number of repeaters 3 Handheld antenna gain 0 dBi
Longitude 10° East Number of sectors per site 3 Loss for pol. mismatch (sat.) 3 dB
Tx power per beam 63 dBm Tx power per sector 30 – 35 dBm Receiver noise figure 6 dB
Tx frequency 2197.5 MHz Tx frequency 2197.5 MHz Rake window size 20 µs
Antenna gain 39 dBi Antenna pattern max. gain 18.5 dBi Rake resolution capabilities ¼ chip
Interbeam interference C/I 12 dB Antenna pattern HPBW 60° Number of rake fingers 6 / 12
Number traffic codes 2 Number traffic codes 2 Rake receiver threshold -117 dBm
Data rate per traffic code 384 kbps Data rate per traffic code 384 kbps Eb/Nt target satellite reception 10 dB
% of power per code 46.2 % % of power per code 46.2 % Eb/Nt target hybrid reception 7 dB
% of power for signalling 7.6 % % of power for signalling 7.6 % Fast fading margin 0 dB
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 16
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Rural Environments� For different locations (latitudes of Seville, Rome, Stuttgart and Stockholm)
� Investigation of influence of satellite elevation angle
� Based on empirical wideband LMS channel model (according to DLR)
� No terrestrial repeater deployment
� Satellite coverage depends on EIRP per beam and Eb/Nt target
SDMB Simulation Results
92100
92100
82
96
50
82
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Sevillelatitude
Romelatitude
Stuttgartlatitude
Stockholmlatitude
Coverage (%) in rural environments for 2·384 kbps (target Eb/Nt = 10 dB)
Satellite EIRP = 72 dBW Satellite EIRP = 76 dBW
34
82
32
81
26
75
7
42
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Sevillelatitude
Romelatitude
Stuttgartlatitude
Stockholmlatitude
Coverage (%) in rural environments for 2·384 kbps (target Eb/Nt = 13 dB)
Satellite EIRP = 72 dBW Satellite EIRP = 76 dBW
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 17
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Urban Environment� Based on ray-optical wave propagation model by using 3D building vector data� Pure satellite case and case with additional deployment of terrestrial repeaters
SDMB Simulation Results
City centerof MunichGermany
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 18
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Urban Environment� SDMB coverage improvement by deployment of IMRs
� Investigation of 6 and 12 Rake fingers in Rake receiver
� Assessment of indoor coverage (assuming building penetration loss of 20 dB)
SDMB Simulation Results
Outdoor coverage for pure satellite case (6 rake fingers) 61 %
Outdoor coverage for satellite + IMRs (6 rake fingers) 96 %
Outdoor coverage for satellite + IMRs (12 rake fingers) 99 %
Outdoor + indoor coverage for satellite + IMRs (6 rake fingers) 93 %
Outdoor + indoor coverage for satellite + IMRs (12 rake fingers) 97 %
� Deployment of repeaters leads to sufficient coverage even within buildings
� Coverage improvement for increasing number of Rake fingers (from 6 to 12)
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 19
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Conclusions
� SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
� Based on Accurate 3D Ray-Optical
Wave Propagation Modelling
� SDMB System Simulation
� Simulation Results for Urban and Rural Scenarios
� Outlook
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 20
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Outlook: Indoor Penetration
� Indoor coverage important issue in SDMB business concept
� Extension of ray-optical wave propagation model: two approaches
� Large-scale approach by neglecting the interior wall structure, but considering an overall value for the building penetration loss (all buildings)
� Detailed-scale approach by taking into account the interior wall structure of a building, including ceilings, walls, windows, doors (single building)
� Impinging waves are attenuated when penetrating into a building
� Signal levels in building depend on building layout and the material of the walls
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 21
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Outlook: Indoor Penetration
Indoor Penetration Model on Detailed Scale � 3D characterisation of indoor scenario incl. material properties for different
objects (ceilings, floors, hard partitions, soft partitions, windows, doors)
22.09.2004 6th EMPS 2004 & 2nd ASMS 2004 22
SDMB Radio Network Planning Tool
Further information about SDMB planning tool
Join our stand at the exhibition
Thank you for your attention!
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