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Improved Solid Waste Management in Sankeshwar –Vermi compost activity
Sankeshwar is a small town in the state of Karnataka. The waste management is of growing
concern for the Town municipal Council as there was no proper and scientific way being
followed. Hence the municipality renewed its focus toward this service to improve the sanitary
conditions of the town. An effective and systematic ways for collection, transportation,
treatment and disposal of waste was designed and implemented with the help of local
stakeholders. Today the town is clean and the municipality is handling the solid waste in lines
with the MSW1 Rules 2000.
Town Profile
Situation before
Earlier to 2007, the town didn’t have door step waste collection. The waste generators were
dumping the waste in drains, open spaces and on roads which had lead to unhygienic
conditions. The collected waste from these spots was dumped in a scattered manner at the
outskirts of the town. After notification of state policy on Integrated Solid Waste
Management by the state government, a landfill site was purchased using the government
grants. The collected waste was then transported to this site and buried in pit using
controlled tipping methods also known as engineered landfills. As the town was from
agricultural base, majority of the organic waste was not recovered using pit method, which
was shortening the landfill site’s life. An immediate need for scientific and effective waste
management system was felt. The citizens with their declined confidence level on
municipality were affecting other revenue generation services.
1 Solid Waste (Handling and Management) Rules 2000
Population (2001) : 32511
Population (present) : 34445
Area : 7.84 Population Density : 4287
Total number of households : 5815
Literacy rate : 77.3%
Waste Generated : 10-12Tonnes per day
Sankeshwar
Square shape heap formed out of existing waste
Composting in plastic bags
Collection of Vermin Wash
Spreading the top layer of leaves helps retaining moisture
Process involved in compost preparation
Description of the initiative
The Chief Officer, Environment Engineer and helath inspector with the support of elected
members and health staff focused to recover organic
waste the maximum possible from the garbage. The
Chief Officer along with his officials convinced the local
NGO “Vishwachetan Shaiksanik Hagu Grameen
Abhivruddhi,Samste,Sankeshwar” to undertake a pilot
study in the year 2008. The Chief Officer along with the
representatives of NGOs visited PanhalaTMC in
Kolhapur district of Maharashtra state. This study tour
helped them to learn the process adopted by the TMC for
preparing vermin composting. As a pilot project, 2
plastic bag of size 12ftX4ftX2ft was selected. The NGO
erected the shed at landfill site for preparing compost from the garbage. Later in 2008, the
success story of the pilot ward motivated the
municipality to encourage Self Help Groups (SHGs) to
undertake door step waste collection with stirct
introduction of user fee concept. The municipality
prepared a proposal to receive fund assistance from
Directorate of Municipal Administration. A total
amount of Rs. 29.5 lakhs was approved for developing
concrete yard and composting units at the landfill site.
Another 13 lakhs was provided by the Urban
Development Department to procure infrastructure i.e.
9 meta l containers, 14 pushcarts and 1 tractor placer.
Another 6 containers were procured by the
municipality from the SFC grants.
The door step waste collection was established with two SHGs where in a monthly amount
of Rs. 7,000 to 9,000/month/group was collected. This
amount was good enough for the SHGs to maintain the
system. In rest of 7 wards, in few possible areas, the
waste was collected directly by the tractors and in few
areas through containers. The collected waste is
unloaded to the containers and alternate days these
containers are cleared. A total of 10 ton of waste is
transported to the landfill site on daily basis.
Pilot project Compost test report
The waste at processing and disposal site is manually segregated using 6 sanitary workers.
Then the recyclables are sold to pre
identified recyclers. The organic waste is
then composted using vermin composting
method.
The historical waste which was dumped in a
landfill pit since a year was partially
decomposed. This waste was processed to
prepare vermin composting. The non-
degradable materials which are bigger in
size are removed manually (which can be
recycled). After segregation waste was
dumped in square shape heaps of
4ftX4ftx4ft size and water was sprinkled to
maintain temperature. After 15 days the
heap was rotated and water was sprinkled
again on daily basis for 7 days to decrease
the temperature at 200c to 300c.
This was put in to a plastic bag of size
12ftX4ftX2ft consisting of three mess for
cross ventilation at the side of Bags. Small
holes were made at the bottom corner of
the bag to collect vermin-wash (this water
consisting of vermin eggs can be again
poured into bag to regenerate the worms
and also used as a best nutrient). The
compost bed was stuffed with the coconut
shells to preserve moisture.
Every 1 ft height of decomposed waste was sandwiched with a layer of 80% diluted cow
dung slurry. The top of the plastic cover was filled with a layer of neem leaves to avoid flies.
Later 3 kgs of vermin worms were introduced. Often water was sprinkled to maintain the
temperature. After 2weeks the vermin compost was ready which was dried in sun. Then
sieved using ½ inch mess and stored in the shed.
As the town is surrounded by the agricultural activities, there was a good demand for
compost and hence was sold to the farmers. The rejects were buried in pits as per the Rules.
Vermi compost shed
Vermi compost Pit each of size 5.6mtr X 1.5mtr X 0.6mtr.
Vermi compost Pit
Manual segragetion
Collection of waste
Shredding of waste
Compost preparation Earth worms
For Long term activity the Enhancements in the Vermicomposting activity: In the year November 2010
• Construction of Vermi pits and shed :
The Vermicomposting activity also was completely transformed from a Single Shed to Multi concrete sheds for vermi pits with an expenditure amount of 17.50 Lakhs. There are 40 pits of size 5.6mtr X 1.5mtr X 0.6mtr.
Screening of Manure Screened Manure
Screening of Manure Lechate Tank
Visit to Vermicomposting unit at SWM site by Shri.Umesh.V.Katti Hon’ble Agricultural Minister Government Of Karnataka Along with other Dignitaries
Visit to Vermicomposting unit at SWM site by Shri.Ramesh.V.Katti Hon’ble MP,Chikodi Loksabha Constituency
Construction of a windrow platform At landfill site windrow platform of 37mtr X 21Mtr and leachate tank with expenditure amount of 12.50 Lakh was constructed. This can be used for segregation of waste
Compost report at 2011
A clip from newspaper
Problems faced:
1. During commencement of the final project, convincing the council and SHGs was
challenging.
2. There was no proper and approachable technical help was available on field during
preparing vermin composting.
3. Convincing citizen to pay user charges was a big task.
4. The temporary shed constructed by the NGO was blown off by heavy winds and rains.
5. The NGO demanded to sign an agreement for maintaining the entire project for 5 years
which was not possible as per KTPP2 Act.
Lessons learnt:
1. The municipality believes that any best practice when considered as a learning
process can be implemented thoroughly.
2. The learning’s gained from other municipality’s experience helps in developing
better system.
3. Formative decision, support from council and head of the organization is very
important for success of this initiative
4. Regular IEC program needs to be conducted for better acceptability and improved
efficiency of user charge collection.
5. As all are not giving the user charges, the municipality has to support the SHGs for
initial years till everyone pay the same.
6. For betterment of SHG who are collecting door to door waste provision to keep
allocation as fund susidy in 22.75 % has to considered by government
Results Achieved
1. 65% door step waste collection
2. Improved waste collection efficiency
3. 60% of the waste is can be recovered through
this initiative in full pledge project which
were earlier land filled
4. Increased landfill site life
5. Clean and hygienic surroundings as improved
the citizen’s quality of life
6. Reduced operation and maintenance cost
under waste management met by the
municipality
7. Empowering BPL women groups by
providing employment
2 Karnataka Transparency in Public Procurement
Special Award in best practice symposium By CMAK 2010
Presentation of initiative at MUNICIPALIKA -2011 at Bangalore
Sustainability
This initiative is sustainable due to low maintenance cost and involvement of local
stakeholders.
Transferability
Vermin composting being one of the traditional and common technologies can be easily
replicated by any municipality. The Directorate of Municipal Administration has appreciated
this effort and has asked other Town Municipal Council to follow this initiative. Firm
support and local people involvement can make this initiative a success.
Moreover On this same concept Director of Municipal administration is giving instruction to
other ULBs to take our vermicomposting activity .
Awards:
References:
• Samyuktha Karnataka dated 16-01-2009 and Tarun Bharath dated 6 June 2010
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