salmonella control poultry
Post on 07-Apr-2018
226 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
1/61
SALMONELLA CONTROLbyCID LINES
www.cidlines.com
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
2/61
I. Introduction
II. Salmonella species Bacteria
Disease
Legislation
Sampling
III. Salmonella control
Factors affecting Salmonella prevalence
Salmonella preventionIV. Sanitation program
General
CCPs
CONTENT
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
3/61
I. Introduction
II. Salmonella species Bacteria
Disease
Legislation
Sampling
III. Salmonella control
Factors affecting Salmonella prevalence
Salmonella preventionIV. Sanitation program
General
CCPs
CONTENT
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
4/61
Salmonella
II. Salmonella
The bacteria
The genus Salmonella:
Family Enterobacteriaceae facultative anaerobic Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria
Optimum temperature for growth: 35C - 37C( 95 99 F)
Optimum pH: 6.5 - 7.5 (growth between pH 4-9)
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
5/61
II. Salmonella
Salmonella infections
There are two categories of Salmonellainfections in poultry:
Salmonellainfections of importance to public health(paratyphoid Salmonellae) cause disease by humans
Salmonellainfections that can cause disease in poultryflocks (fowl typhoid and pullorum disease)
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
6/61
II. Salmonella
Salmonellosis in humans
The greatest hazards to public health include:
raw poultry meat
undercooked poultry meat products
eggs and products containing raw eggs
The incubation period: 5 hours till 7 days (mostly clinicalsigns 12 h-36 h after ingestion of a contaminated food)
Children, old people and people with impaired immunesystems can suffer severe disease and even death.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
7/61
II. Salmonella
Salmonellosis in humans
Clinical signs include: diarrhea
nausea
abdominal pain
mild fever
chills
Vomiting, prostration, anorexia, headache
The syndrome usually lasts for two to seven days.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
8/61
II. Salmonella
Salmonellosis in animals
Bird specific species:Salmonella pullorumSalmonella gallinarum
Salmonella-infected animals may or may not developdisease subclinical carriers
Other enzootic diseases can thus predispose or increase
the susceptibility of animals to Salmonellaexposure.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
9/61
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
10/61
II. Salmonella
Species and subspecies
The European Commission observed flock prevalencefor the 5 most frequently reported Salmonellaserotypeswere:
S. enteritidis10.9 % S. typhimurium0.5 %
S. infantis2.2 %
S. mbandaka0.4 %
S. hadar1.1 %
Others 6.5 %
Country specific!
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
11/61
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
12/61
Food Processing
II. Salmonella
Transmission
Animal feedWater source
Dogs and cats
Rodents, Birds
Farm Animals
Meat products
Faeces
Flies
Man
Salmonella Food Poisoning
Transport
Equipment
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
13/61
II. Salmonella
TransmissionMost of the Salmonellaserovars:
Limitation to the oral/faecal cycle
Multiplication in the digestive tractand shedding
Environmental and faecalcontaminations
Contamination of egg limited tosurface of the shell
Horizontal transmission
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
14/61
II. Salmonella
TransmissionSalmonella Enteritidis:
Invasion of internal organs
Multiplication in the digestive tractand shedding
Detectable antibodies
Contamination of eggs: 0,02%(2 eggs on 10000)
Transmission to next generation
Vertical transmission
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
15/61
II. Salmonella
Transmission
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
16/61
Hungary 66,1 Belgium 15,3
Poland 57,7 The United Kingdom 10,7
Estonia 50 Slovakia 10,2
Portugal 42,9 Lithuania 10
Spain 42,3 Netherlands 10
Ireland 33,8 France 8,9
Latvia 33,3 Austria 7,8
Italy 30,4 Denmark 3,9
Cyprus 29,7 Slovenia 3,1
Greece 27,3 Finland 0,5
Czech Republic 22,5 Norway 0,3
Germany 17,2 Sweden 0
II. Salmonella
Prevalence (%) of Salmonella spp. in EU (EFSA,2007)
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
17/61
II. Salmonella
Legislation
GOAL: Salmonellafree meat on the market!!
REGULATION (EC) No. 2160/2003 of 17 Nov 2003 on thecontrol of Salmonellaand other specified food-borne
zoonotic agents.
All EU countries are required to establish rules to avoidthe introduction of Salmonellain a farm.
Mainly Salmonellaand Campylobacterare the maincauses of zoonoses in humans.
Controls should cover the whole food chain, from farm tofork.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
18/61
The five most frequent salmonella serotypes mustbe controlled:
Salmonella enteritidis
Salmonella typhimurium
Salmonella hadar
Salmonella infantis
Salmonella virchow
II. Salmonella
Legislation
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
19/61
Species Start datetesting
Testing Target species EU target
Breeders 01-01-2007Faeces, 5 pairof boot swabs
All 5 species
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
20/61
Remarks:
also hatching eggs fall under this regulation. Positiveeggs and day old chicks will be destroyed.
Suspected positive consumption eggs shall be treated
in order to eliminate the salmonella, before consumption Salmonellashould be absent in 25 grams fresh
chicken meat from 12/12/2010
II. Salmonella
Legislation
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
21/61
II. Salmonella
Available methods for sampling
Drag swabs: dragging swabs throughout the poultrybuilding. Boot swabs: walking throughout the poultry building withabsorbent material placed over the footwear of the sampler
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
22/61
II. Salmonella
Available methods for sampling
Faecal samples: multiple fresh faecal/caecal samplescollected from different areas in the poultry building.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
23/61
II. Salmonella
Available methods for sampling
Meconium, chick box papers, dead in shell and culledchicks at the hatchery.
Hatchery samples: throughout the hatchery, includinginside the incubators.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
24/61
breeders: rearing flocks D.O.C.
4 weeks olds
2 weeks < moving to production house
breeders: production flocks
every 2nd week during the production
(gen. 18 64 weeks)
II. Salmonella
Minimum sampling
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
25/61
layers: rearing flocks D.O.C.
2 weeks < moving to production house
layers: laying flocks
every 15 weeks during the laying cycle
II. Salmonella
Minimum sampling
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
26/61
broilers:before leaving for slaughter(results should be known prior to leaving forslaughter)
turkeys:before leaving for slaughter
(results should be known prior to leaving forslaughter)
II. Salmonella
Minimum sampling
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
27/61
I. Introduction
Legislation
II. Salmonella species
Bacteria
Disease
III. Salmonella control
Factors affecting Salmonella prevalence
Salmonella prevention
IV. Sanitation program General
CCPs
CONTENT
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
28/61
III. Salmonella control
Factors affecting Salmonella prevalence
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
29/61
III. Salmonella control
5 basic principles
1. Salmonellafree day-old-chicks(parent stock, hatchery, transport)
2. Rearing chicks in Salmonellafree environment
3. Salmonellafree water and feed
4. Regular monitoring of total production chain
5. Immediate action when Salmonellais detected
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
30/61
Salmonellais transmitted via the egg from parent tochick, thus an obvious starting point for any Salmonellacontrol strategy is to ensure poultry breeding flocksare kept Salmonellafree.
III. Salmonella control
Salmonella free day-old-chicks
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
31/61
Controlling for birds, flies and rodents All-in/all-out management Visitors Good cleaning and disinfection protocol
III. Salmonella control
Salmonella free environment
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
32/61
Pelleted feed 10 times less Salmonellathan non-pelletedfeed (thanks to heat treatment) Antibiotics: can cause resistance Salmonella, affect theresistance of the animal against colonization
Addition of organic acids enhance Salmonelladestruction
III. Salmonella control
Salmonella free water and feed
Growth curve Salmonella and Lactobacilli vs. pH
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
2,5 3 3,5 4 4,5 5 5,5 6 6,5 7 7,5 8 8,5 9 9,5
pH
Salmonella
Lactobacilli
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
33/61
According European legislation the production chain isregular monitored by sampling of poultry flocks
III. Salmonella control
Regular monitoring of total production chain
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
34/61
III. Salmonella control
Immediate action when Salmonella is detected
Determination of the origin of the infection.
Movement of poultry flocks at the end of the productioncycle should only be allowed for slaughter or destruction.
Poultry litter/faeces and other potentially contaminatedfarm waste should be disposed of in a safe manner.
Particular care should be taken in cleaning anddisinfection of the poultry house and equipment.
Before restocking the facility, a bacteriologicalexamination should be carried out.
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
35/61
I. Introduction
Legislation
II. Salmonella species
Bacteria
Disease
III. Salmonella control
Factors affecting Salmonella prevalence
Salmonella prevention
IV. Sanitation program General
CCPs
CONTENT
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
36/61
IV. Sanitation Program
1. Remove litter
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
37/61
IV. Sanitation Program
2. Soaking with water, remove most of the dirt
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
38/61
IV. Sanitation Program
3. Cleaning water system
Application Product Frequency Dosage Contact time
CID 2000After every
batch2% 4 6 hours
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
39/61
IV. Sanitation Program
4. Cleaning
Application Product Frequency Dosage Contact time
FoamingBIOGEL
(foaming alkalinedetergent)
After everybatch
2-5% 15 - 30minutes
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
40/61
IV. Sanitation Program
5. Disinfecting
Application Product Frequency Dosage Contact time
SprayingVIROCID
(broad spectrumdisinfectant)
After everybatch
0,5% Minimum
15 minutes
VIROCIDefficacy tests:
Salmonella enteritica Enteritidis AOAC, USA 1 min 1: 800 0,125%
Salmonella enteritica Heidelberg AOAC, USA 1 min 1: 800 0,125%
Salmonella choleraesuis ser. enteritidis AOAC, USA 10 min 1: 400 0,25%
Salmonella choleraesuis ser. pullorum AOAC, USA 10 min 1: 400 0,25%
Salmonella choleraesuis AOAC, USA 10 min 1: 400 0,25%
Salmonella choleraesuis ser. typhisuis AOAC, USA 10 min 1: 400 0,25%
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
41/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
42/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
43/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
44/61
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
45/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
46/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
47/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
48/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S i i P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
49/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S i i P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
50/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S i i P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
51/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S it ti P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
52/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S it ti P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
53/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S it ti P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
54/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S it ti P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
55/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV S it ti P
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
56/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV Sanitation Program
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
57/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV Sanitation Program
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
58/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV Sanitation Program
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
59/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV Sanitation Program
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
60/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
IV Sanitation Program
-
8/3/2019 Salmonella Control Poultry
61/61
IV. Sanitation Program
Critical Control Points
top related