roosevelt & the new deal
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Roosevelt & the New Deal
The Great Depression(1929-1941)
Chapter 26, Section 2
Essential Questions:• What were the goals of FDR's New Deal
Programs to help the country recover?• How did FDR's response to the Great
Depression differ from that of Herbert Hoover's?
• What criticisms were there of the New Deal Programs passed by Congress?
• Why was there a need for a 2nd New Deal?
• How did FDR respond to the New Deal being declared "unconstitutional?"
1932 Presidential Election• Franklin Delano
Roosevelt (FDR) (Related to Theodore Roosevelt) Won the 1932 Election!
• Democrat! Elected in November 1932
• Had to Wait Until March 4th, 1933 to Take Office
• 20th Amendment! (Now January)
FDR vs. Hoover• FDR Gave Americans
Hope in His Inaugural Address!
• FDR Was a Democrat: Against Laissez Faire!
• FDR Wanted to Use the Power of the Government to Solve the Great Depression
• Created a “Brain Trust” to Create Solutions to Fight the Depression
FDR’s Inaugural Address• March 4th, 1933
• “Let Me Assert My Firm Belief, That the Only Thing We Have to Fear is Fear Itself.”
• What Did FDR Mean When He Said This to the American People?
Roosevelt Takes Charge!• After Inauguration
Speech at the Capitol, FDR Went Straight Back to the White House
• FDR Skipped All of the Inauguration Balls
• FDR Worked All Night Long With the “Brain Trust” & Congressmen!
3 Immediate Steps!• FDR Took 3 Immediate
Actions To Boost the American People’s Confidence!
• Step #1 = The Bank Holiday!
• FDR Shut Down ALL Banks in the United States!
• Step #2 = FDR Promised ONLY Banks in Good Shape Would Re-Open!
Step #3: The Fireside Chats
• FDR Every Night Would Speak to the Country From the White House
• FDR Would Explain What the Government Was Doing to Solve the Great Depression!
• Made Americans Feel Better & Gain More Confidence that the Government is Doing Something to Help!
• FDR – Great Leadership Skills!
The New Deal • FDR’s Plans to Fight
the Depression
• A Number of Programs to Get People Back to Work!
• If People Get a Paycheck, They Will Spend $$$! Then…
The 100 Days Campaign• Famous Session of
Congress (March-June 1933)
• Every Day FDR Sent Bills to Congress for them to Approve!
• 100 Days Campaign Passed the New Deal, FDR’s Programs to Fight the Great Depression!
The 3 “R ’s” of the Hundred Days Campaign!
• Relief = Feed the Hungry & Create Jobs for the Unemployed
• Recovery = Help Agriculture (Farmers) & Businesses
• Reforms = Change the Way the Economy Worked!– Make Sure Depression
NEVER Happens Again!
The New Deal Programs: AAA
(The 100 Days Campaign)• AAA – Agricultural
Adjustment Administration
• Regulated Farm Production & Promoted Soil Conservation
• Paid Farmers Not to Grow Crops! Why Would the U.S. Do That?
The New Deal Programs: CCC
• CCC – Civilian Conservation Corporation
• Hired Young Men to Plant Trees, Build Dams, Work on Conservation Projects
• Gave Men Jobs!
CCC Work Camps in the U.S.
New Deal Program: FDIC• FDIC – Protects/ Insures the
$$$ of Depositors in Banks
• If the Bank Fails, Gets Robbed, Catches Fire, Etc…, The Government Insures Your $$$!
• Insured Up to $100K (Obama has Moved That Up to $250K)
• If People Place $$$ in Banks, Then Banks Can Lend Out Loans to New Businesses = Create Jobs
The New Deal Programs: NRA
• NRA – The National Recovery Administration
• Regulated Industry & Raised Wages & Prices
• The Blue Eagle!
New Deal Programs: PWA
• PWA – Public Works Administration
• Created Jobs By Having People Build Highways, Bridges, Tunnels, & Other Public Works Projects
• Put People to Work!
The New Deal Programs: TVA
• TVA – Tennessee Valley Authority
• Built More Than 40 Dams in Tennessee– Gave People Jobs!
• Dams Create Hydroelectric Power– Cheap & Clean
• Energy Bills in Tennessee are about 1/3 Less!
Power Supplied By TVA
The New Deal Programs: FERA
• FERA – Federal Emergency Relief Administration
• Provided Federal Money for Relief Projects to 13 Million Unemployed
• Gave Out Food & Jobs!
Criticisms of the New Deal:
• Conservatives (Republicans) Thought the New Deal Went to Far– Laissez-Faire!
• Feared U.S. Government Was Getting too BIG!
• Feared U.S. Could Not Pay for All of the New Deal Programs!– Raise Taxes!– Feared That U.S. Was
Moving Towards Socialism!
More Criticism:• Huey Long – Senator
from Louisiana
• Thought the New Deal Did Not Go Far Enough!
• Wanted Redistribution of All Wealth to All Americans– Everyone Shares All the
$$$ in the Country!– Wanted SOCIALISM!
Father Charles Coughlin• Wanted the New Deal
to Help the Poor More!
• Wanted Socialism!
• Blamed Jewish Followers for the Depression!– Had His Own Radio Show
that the Catholic Church Canceled!
• Racist!
Dr. Francis Townshend• Did Not Like the New
Deal!
• “Father” of the Social Security System
• Wanted the U.S. Government to Give $200 a Month to Every U.S. Citizen Over 60 Years Old– Create a Sales Tax to
Pay For It!
1934 Congressional Election:• FDR Elected in 1932
• House of Representatives Gets Elected Every 2 Year
• Americans Usually Elect the Opposite Party into Congress– President Does Not Get Too
Powerful!
• Americans Elected More Democrats to Congress!– Showed They Supported FDR &
the New Deal!
• Democrats Now Had Control of the White House (Executive) & Congress (Legislative)
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