role of forensics in wildlife

Role of Forensics in Wildlife cases

Wildlife crimes

Wildlife crimes are identified as major threat to indias BIODIVESITY

A key element in fight against such crimes is the successful Investigation

NATURE

OF

WILDLIFE CRIME

IMPORT/EXPORT

(Smuggling)TRESPASS

VIOLATION OF RULES

DAMAGE TO HABITAT

(Including grazing, encroachment, pollution etc.)

DOMESTIC TRADE

HUNTING / FISHING

CRUELTY

POSSESSION

Various Articles in Illegal Wildlife Trade

Live animals

Animal parts

Animal products

NATIONAL & STATE ACTS

1. WILDLIFE (P) ACT-1972

2. J&K WL(P) ACT-1978

3. INDIAN FOREST ACT-1927

4. STATE FOREST ACTS

4. FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT-1980

5. ENVIRONMENT (P) ACT-1986

6. PREVENTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS ACT-1960

7. CUSTOMS ACT- 1962

8. INDIAN FISHERIES ACT-1897

9. THE MARITIME ZONES OF INDIA (REGULATION OF FISHING BY FOREIGN VESSELS) ACT, 1981

10. INDIAN PENAL CODE

INTERNATIONAL LAWS- CONVENTIONS

1. CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA & FLORA (CITES)* (1973)

2. CONVENTION ON WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE (RAMSAR CONVENTION) (1971)

2. CONVENTION ON MIGRATORY SPECIES (1979)3. INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON

REGULATION OF WHALING (1946)4. CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY**

(1994)5. PROTOCOLS WITH RUSSIA, CHINA & NEPAL6. WTO* Enforceable through the Customs Act-1962.** National Biodiversity Bill approved by

Parliament.

POLICIES & RULES

1. NATIONAL FOREST POLICY-19882. NATIONAL FORESTRY ACTION PLAN (1996-2015) 3. NATIONAL WILDLIFE ACTION PLAN (2002-16)4. NATIONAL TIGER ACTION PLAN-1994

5*.IMPORT-EXPORT POLICY (2002-07). 6. NATIONAL ZOO POLICY-19987. NATIONAL GRAZING POLICY

8*.WILDLIFE (PROTECTION) RULES (FOR EACH STATE)

9*.FOREST RULES (FOR EACH STATE)10*.RECOGNITION OF ZOO RULES-1992* Framed under an Act and thus

enforceable.

Investigation

Investigation is nothing but an obseravtion or enquiry into the allegations, circumstances or relationships in order to obtain fcatual information and make certain whether or not a violation of any law bas been committed

It is a process of collecting evidence

FORENSICS

Application of science in investigation of crimes

Wildlife forensics

Forensics techniques

1. Species Identification

1. Cause of death or Injury

2. Techniques for the accused

Species Identification

Morphometry

Chemical tests

DNA profiling

Meat analysis

Cause of death or injury

Toxicological tests

Vertnary study (PM report)

Investigation of Accused / Crime scene

Foot print analysis

DNA finger printing

Brain mapping

Lie-detector

Narco-analysis

SDS- suspect detection system

Ballistics

IBIS –INTEGRATED BALLISTICS IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

Correlation Server

BulletTRAX- 3D

MatchPoint +Data Concentrator

IBIS-TRAX 3D

Comparison of Firing Pin Indentations

Sandipan Dharsandipandhar@gmail.com