rise of napoleon ch 21 sec 3 and 4
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10.2 The Rise and fall of napoleon and the Congress of Vienna
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Rise of Napoleon
Kagan Ch 19Chapter 21
section 3 and 4
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Topics
I. Napoleon comes to power
II. Napoleon builds an Empire
III. The Continental System
IV. A Brief return
V. The Congress of Vienna
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I. Napoleon comes to power
A. Effect of the Reign of Terror
B. Defender of the Revolution
C. The Consulate (1799-1804)
D. Establishing the Dynasty
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A. Effect of the Reign of Terror
• People of France become fearful of their new Democracy
• A committee called the Directory takes over after the death of Robespierre
• Five directors are corrupt, however, they give France A period of stability
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B. Defender of the Revolution
• Oct. 1795: Napoleon defends the National Convention from a Royalist Revolt– A “Whiff
of Grapeshot”
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C. The Consulate (1799-1804)
• 1799, Napoleon dissolves the legislature– Napoleon is made First Council– Establishes Constitution of Year XIII– Restored stability and effective government– The Napoleonic Code– Concordat with the Catholic Church
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D. Establishing the Dynasty
• In 1804 a Plebiscite elected Napoleon as First Consul
• Transforms France from a Republic to an Empire
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Napoleon Crowned Emperor 1804
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II. Napoleon builds an Empire
A. Invasion of Egypt
B. Battle of Trafalgar
C. Victories in Central Europe
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A. Invasion of Egypt
• Napoleon wanted to defeat Britain
• Indirect attack at Egypt– To strangle British trade from Asia
• Huge failure
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B. Battle of Trafalgar
• Third Coalition : Britain, Austria and Russia
• French fail to defeat British for control of the Sea– Britain saved from an invasion– Lord Nelson is Killed – British naval dominance protected
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Trafalgar 1805
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C. Victories in Central Europe
• Austria defeated
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III. The Continental System
A. Conflict with Britain
B. The Peninsular War
C. War with Russia
D. Battle of Leipzig 1813
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A. Conflict with Britain
• France dominated Europe
• Hoped to cripple British economy by denying trade
• Needed Russian Support
• Led to the Continental System– Deny British Trade– Hurt France and Europe more
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B. The Peninsular War
• Opposition in Spain against French rule
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Peninsular War 1808-1813
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C. War with Russia
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Invasion of Russia
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Alexander I of Russia
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Battle of Leipzig 1813 Napoleon defeated
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IV. A Brief Return
A. The Return from Elbe
B. The Battle of Waterloo
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A. The Return from Elbe
• Coalition brought back Bourbon king
• Became very unpopular
• March 1st, 1815, Napoleon escapes from Elba
• People rushed to Napoleons side
• His army became immense
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Waterloo 1815
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• Napoleon will be imprisoned on St. Helena where he will die in 1821
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V. The Congress of Vienna: 1815
A. Checking the power of France
B. Restoring the Old Order
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A. Checking the power of France
• Britain, Austria, Prussia and Russia all wanted to check the power of France– Quadruple alliance– Nations around France were strengthened
• Power was also balanced to prevent any one power from dominating Europe– An emphasis on stability and peace
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B. Restoring the Old Order
• Conservatives:– French Revolution was entirely bad
• Liberalism:– Principles were good, but the violence was
bad
• Radicalism:– By any means necessary to achieve the
principles
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Closure…
• Napoleon emerges as the savior of the Revolution.
• Napoleon extends enlightenment ideas but as an emperor.
• Nationalism emerges as a response to French power.
• Congress of Vienna established a new balance of Power in Europe
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