rescue apparatus and rescue operations

RESCUE APPARATUS & RESCUE OPERATIONS :

PRESENTED BY : WASEEM AHMED KHAN BTECH MINING UCE (KU)

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CONTENTS:

Self contained breathing apparatus : 3 Proto mark IV apparatus : 5 Proto mark V apparatus : 7 Drager self contained breathing apparatus

: 9 Reviving apparatus : 11 Gas mask : 15 Self rescuer : 17 Reference : 19

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SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS :• In SCBA the wearer carries all the means of

respiration in an irrespirable atmosphere.

• The wearer using this apparatus can move and work in atmosphere consisting of noxious and poisonous gasses ,what ever their %.

• It last for 1 to 4 hrs. depending upon size.

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• A SCBA is of closed circuit type in which the oxygen supplied to the wearer is not lost to atmosphere during exhalation but it is reused by him after the exhaled air is feed up of the CO2 by chemical absorbents

• Hence it is also called regenerative apparatus.

• SCBA used in our mines are two well known makes :

1.Proto self contained compressed O2 apparatus.

2.Drager self contained compressed O2 apparatus.

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PROTO MARK IV APPARATUS :

• Light allow steel cylinder of 2 lit capacity containing 300 lit of O2 compressed to 150 kg/cm2

• Fitter with main valve , pressure valve , reducing vale , by-pass valve.• Berthing bag is made up of vulcanized

rubber.• Bag contain 2 kg’s of CO2 absorbent

knows as POTOSORB.

• Protosorb = calcium hydroxide + caustic soda.• It keeps the % of co2 in the breathing bad

below 2%.• It serves as a air reservoir.

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• Cooling chamber of Copper contains sodium phosphate. Weight is 170g.

• This apparatus is designed for 2 hrs use.

• Weight of the apparatus is 15.6 kg.

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PROTO MARK V APPARATUS :• This apparatus is an improvement over

Mark IV.

• It is available as 1 hr. or 2 hr. apparatus.Apparatus 1 hr. apparatus 2 hr. apparatus

Coolant CaCl2 Soda phosphate

weight 14.5 17.2

Oxygen rate of flow 2.5lit/min 2lit/min

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Proto mark V apparatus :

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DRAGER SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS :

Self working period : 4 hr.Cylinder capacity : 2 litCylinder capacity with O2 at 200 kg/cm2

: 400 litBreathing bag capacity : 6 litWt. of apparatus : 12.8 kgO2 flow rate : 1.5 lit/ minOxygen feed by lung governed value

: as required by the wearer

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REVIVING APPARATUS :• A Reviving apparatus is used to administrate

pure oxygen to :

1)An unconscious person2)Whose breathing is considerably feeble for some

other cause.

• The treatment is given to the patient by the rescue team at a zone free from noxious gasses or at the fresh air base.

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The novex reviving apparatus consisting of :

a.Two cylinders ,each containing 400 lit of oxygen charged to 120 atm.

b.Reducing valve c.Hand control valve

d.Dial calibrated from 0 to 30 lit per min

e.Flexible breathing bagf. Corrugated tube

g.Pressure gauge and main valve

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• Figure of reviving apparatus

• Other manufacturer of reviving apparatus is by the firm of Drager is known by the trade name pulmotor.

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Special features of dragger apparatus :

• It gives a warning signal if the if the apparatus is used with the cylinder valve closed or if the cylinder is empty.

• A rechargeable soda-lime cartridge can be used for training purpose.• Breathing bag is protected on all sides.

• The pressure reducer reduces the pressure to tolerable working pressure of 4 kg/cm.

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GAS MASK:

• This apparatus is used by the wearer to protect him self from poisonous gasses containing mainly CO.

Wearer with gas mask →

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Gas mask consists of :Anhydrous CaCl2 to remove water vapor.Hopcalite: It acts as a catalyst which changes CO to

CO2Cotton wool to remove dust.Silica gel to remove ammonia Caustic soda to remove sulphureted hydrogenImpregnated activated charcoal to remove organic

matter and acidic gasses.

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SELF RESCUER :• A self rescuer is essentially a gas mask

in a simplified form without the corrugated hose tubing and the mouth piece is directly attached to the canister.

• Wt. is 1 kg.

• The chemicals are same as those used in the Gas mask.

• The wearer is protected against CO if its vol. doesn't exceeds by 2% in the air to be inhaled, If the O2 is sufficient to support life.

• Main purpose of this is to enable the wearer to escape from the atmosphere resulting from the after a fire or explosion.

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Auger self rescuer →

A miner with self rescuer on →

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Reference : Elements of Mining Technology.

vol 2 by: D.J.Deshmukh

19/19