refractive index of different liquids using hollow prism

REFRACTIVE INDEXOF DIFFRENT

LIQUIDS USINGHOLLOW PRISM

MADE BY -: Piyushh Bhutoria CLA

SS -: XII BO

ARD ROLL NO. -:

CERTIFICATEThis is to certify that PIYUSHH BHUTORIA of class XII-A has

completed the physics project entitled “TO FIND THE REFRACTIVE

INDEX OF DIFFERENT LIQUIDS USING HOLLOW PRISM” under the guidance of her physics teacher Mrs and lab

assistant MrThe progress of the project has been continuously reported and has been

acknowledged consistently.

(Physics Teacher)

ACKNOWLEDGEMEnTI would like to owe the sense of gratitude to our physics teacher Mrs. for her consistent guidance, support and encouragement without which this project would not able to exist in present shape.

I would also like to thank our Lab assistant Mr., my parents for their blessings and my friends for their help in order to complete the project.

Aim

Apparatus Required

Theory

Procedure

Observation & Calculation

Conclusion

Precautions

Bibliography

CONTENTS

AIMAIM

To findrefractive index of

different liquids usinghollow prism.

THEORYPRISM : A prism is a transparent optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light. Prisms can be made from any material that is transparent including glass, plastic  and fluorite.A prism can be used to break light up into its constituent spectral colors. Prisms can also be used to reflect light, or to split light into components with different polarizations.

REFRACTION:

The refractive index of the liquid Is given by the formula:

Where: = refractive index of the liquid = the angle of minimum deviationr = angle of refractioni = angle of incidenceA = angle of prism

PROCEDURE Fix a white sheet of paper on

the drawing board with help of drawing pins.

FLUIDS REFRACTIVE INDEX

Water 1.33Glycerine 1.47

Ethyl Alcohol 1.36Vegetable Oil 1.45

Acetone 1.36HCl 1.34

Keep the prism and mark the outline of it as ABC.

Drop a normal PQ on the side AB.

Draw the angle of incidence in accordance with the normal PQ and place 2 pins so that they appear to be in the straight line.

Place the prism filled with given sample of liquid ,on the marked outline ABC.

Now take the pins and place them on the side AC so that all the 4 pins appears to be in same line.

Remove the prism and draw the line joining the points so obtained.

Mark the diagram as shown in the figure.

Repeat this with different liquids and different angle of incidence.

HCl

S.No.

i e d A

1. 35 48 24 60

2. 40 52 30 60

3. 45 42 25 60

4. 50 36 26 60

5. 55 32 28 60

Ethyl alcohol

S.No.

i e d A

1. 35 52 26 60

2. 40 44 25 60

3. 45 41 25 60

4. 50 36 26 60

5. 55 32 27 60

CALCULATIONS

CALCULATION GRAPH HCL ethyl alcohol

RESULT

THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF ETHYL ALCOHOL

EXPERIMENTAL-1.36 CALCULATED- 1.34

THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF HCL EXPERIMENTAL- 1.34 CALCULATED- 1.34

PRECAUTIONS

Angle of incidence should lie b/w 35-60 degree.

Pins should be vertically fixed and should lie in same line.

Distance b/w two points should not be less than 10mm.

Same angle of prism should be used for all observation.

Arrow head should be marked to represent emergent and incident ray.

BIBLIOGRAPHY wikipedia.org

google.com

physicsforlife.com {physicsforlife.com}

earthphysics.com