r&d of strip/block scintillators
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R&D of Strip/Block Scintillators
E.P.Jacosalem, S.Iba, N.Nakajima, H.Ono,
A.L.Sanchez, A.M.Bacala & H.MiyataGLD Calorimeter Group
8th ACFA Workshop on Physics andDetector at the Linear Collider
EXCO, Daegu , KoreaJuly 12, 2005
Contents:
Introduction Research Design and Methodology
Scintillator’s length and surface covering dependence on Pulse Height (Strip type)
Position dependence (Strip type) Scintillator’s thickness dependence (Block
type) Results Summary Future plan
Motivation R&D for new calorimeters Needs fine segmentation Small scintillators
Calorimeter Designs (GLD) Past and Existing
Layers of strip type plastic scintillators (10x200x2mm) Layers of tile type scintillators (40x40x1mm) PMT as read out WLS Fiber
Under construction Stack of Z-layer + X-layer strip scintillators
(10x200x2mm) + Tile-layer (40x40x1mm) Absorber placed in between layers SiPM/MPC (Multi pixels Photon Counter) as read out WLS fiber
Introduction
Calorimeter Design under construction
New design? smaller scintillators
strip type for EM and hadron analog calorimeter
block type for digital hadron calorimeter
best light collection efficiency
WLS fiber
Photon SensorPhoton sensor
Photon sensor
Photon sensor
This study focuses
small strip and block type sensors
different surface coverings
different lengths
thickness
• Sensor : Strip type scintillator ( length: 4,8,12, 16cm) Block type scintillator (thickness: 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8mm)• Trigger : Scintillator (about 1cmx8cmx5mm ) directly connected to PMT • Source : 90Sr (beta-ray)• WLS fiber diameter: 1.0mm ; 1.6mm (length: 20 cm)• PMT (sensor) : 16 Ch MAPMT H6568-10, HV : -950V• PMT (trigger) : H3164, HV : -900V
Setup
Research Design & Methodology
3M Radiant Mirror Film
Teflon
Black Sheet
White Paint with Teflon
Gold Coat
White Paint
Aluminum Evaporation
White Paint Surface Covering (1.7mm groove for 1.6mm WLS fiber)
10x60x2mm
Strip Type Scintillator
10x40x2mm scintillator (1.4mm groove for 1mm fiber)
10x160x2mm
10x80x2mm
10x40x2mm
10x120x2mm
Research Design & Methodology cont..
Compared each type using ADC system Used WLS fiber with diameter of 1.0mm and 1.6mmDetermined the systematic error
Research Design & Methodology cont..
Block Type Scintillator
10x10mm teflon-wrapped scintillator
8mm thick6mm thick 5mm
thick4mm thick
2mm thick
fiber hole of 1.1mmΦ at the center
fiber not pass through the other end (1.0mm distance)
measured the thickness dependence on pulse height.
sketch of block scintillator
Signal Pulse Height
pedestal
signal
Source point location
Plotted the pulse height (ADC Counts) vs. sensors length with different surface covering
Measured and plotted the position dependence across and along the strip scintillator
Research Design and Methodology cont..
fitted pulse height
10mm
2.5 mm
Top view
Strip-type Sensor
Source point
To PMT
Top view
5.0mm
2.5mm
Block-type Sensor
Source point
To PMT
To PMT
Results:
3M radiant mirror film has the greatest pulse height.
There is a trend that pulse height slightly increases with sensor’s length for 3M radiant mirror film and Teflon.
Syst error
20 mm 40 mm 80 mm 120 mm 160 mm0
102030405060708090
100110120130140150
Sensor's Length and Surface Covering DependenceWLS fiber dia: 1.0mm
3M Radiant Mirror Film
Teflon
Aluminum Evaporation
White Paint with teflon
White Paint
Black Sheet
Gold
Sensor's Length
Pul
se H
eig
ht
(AD
C C
ounts
)
3M radiant mirror film
Teflon
White paint with teflon
White paint
Aluminum evaporation
Black sheet
Gold
3M radiant mirror film
Teflon
White paint with teflon
White paint
Aluminum evaporation
Black sheet
Gold
3M radiant mirror film has greatest pulse height.
3M radiant mirror film and teflon wrapped scintillators showed that good total reflection occurred when thin air gap is present between reflector and scintillator.
Results cont..
20 mm 40 mm 80 mm 120 mm 160 mm 180 mm
0
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
Sensor's Length and Surface Covering DependenceWLS fiber dia: 1.6mm
3M Radiant Mir-ror Film
Teflon
Aluminum Evaporation
White Paint with teflon
White Paint
Black Sheet
Sensor's Length
PU
lse
He
igh
t (A
DC
Co
un
ts)
syst error
3M radiant mirror film
Teflon
White paint with teflon
White paint
Aluminum evaporation
Black sheet
Results cont..
PMT
1.6mmΦ WLS_3Mmirror film
1.0mmΦ WLS_3Mmirror film
1.6mmΦ WLS_ Teflon
1.0mmΦ WLS_ Teflon
Position dependence along the strip scintillator showed the uniformity of light transmission from the sensor to PMT.
Keyhole
measurementalong the strip
WLS fiber
measurement across the strip
Position Dependence along the Strip Scintillator (2.5 mm from the center)Position Dependence along the Strip Scintillator (2.5 mm from the center)
small peaks
Position Dependence across the Strip Scint (3M radiant film)
Results cont..
‘dip’ is 40% corresponds to scint. thickness(300microns) f0r 1.6mmΦ fiber
small peaks near the fiber (1.6mmΦ fiber)
no significant difference on pulse height values across the strip at 2 different locations (20mm and 10 mm from end)
light yield increases about 100% as fiber diameter is increased from 1.0mm to 1.6mm for 3M radiant mirror film.
Fiber diameter
1.6mm
1mm
1.6mmΦ WLS ; source positioned @ 10 (bl) and 20mm (gr) from the far end
1mmΦ WLS ; source positioned @ 10mm (bl) and 20mm (r) from the far end
Results cont..
3M radiant mirror film
Teflon
No peak observed at 8mm thick.
Pulse height almost proportional with scint thickness for 3M radiant mirror film.
Light output at 6mm is larger than that of strip scint (10x40x2mm) then the block scint is enough for digital hadron calorimeter.
Thickness Dependence of Block Type Scintillator for Digital Hadron Calorimeter
Summary
1. 3M radiant mirror film covered scintillator found to have the greatest pulse height for both WLS fiber diameters (1.0 & 1.6mm).
2. There is a trend that pulse height slightly increases with sensor’s length for 3M radiant mirror film and Teflon.
3. 3M radiant mirror film covered scintillators using 1.6mmΦ WLS fiber had about 100% greater pulse height compared to scintillators with 1.0mmΦ fiber.
Summary cont..
4. Position dependence along the strip scintillator showed the uniformity of light transmission from the sensor to PMT for 3M radiant mirror film and teflon wrapped scintillators.
5. ‘dip’ is 40% corresponds to scint. thickness(300microns) for 1.6mmΦ fiber
6. Block type scintillator’s pulse height is almost proportional to its thickness
Future plans
Do simulation for light transmission for the strip and block type scintillator.
Test the best light yield scintillator using photon sensor (MPC/SiPM) as read out through WLS fiber.
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