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Quality Assurance Essentials
Emulsion Task Force Meeting
By: Colin A. Franco, P.E.Associate Chief Engineer
RIDOT
Denver - May 21-22, 2017
Quality Assurance - Definition
AASHTO R10 & TRB Circular E-C173
Quality Assurance – All those planned and
systematic actions necessary to provide
confidence that a product or facility will perform
satisfactorily in service …
• Applies to projects on the NHS
• State administered and locally administered
• Including Design-Build - 23CFR637.207(b)
“All provisions of 637.207(a) are applicable to Design-Build projects and other alternative contracting methods.”
• Non-NHS projects
• Many States apply same QA procedures as NHS
Applicability of 23 CFR 637
QA Program
Agency Acceptance
Dispute Resolution
Independent Assurance
Contractor QC
Lab Qualification
Personnel Qualification
Core Elements of a
Quality Assurance Program
Core Elements of a QA Program
Quality Assurance
QualityControl
AgencyAcceptance
Independent AssuranceDispute Resolution
LaboratoriesPersonnel
• All acceptance activities must be carried out by the Agency or their “Designated Agent”
• Agency independently performs: Acceptance (Verification) Testing
Agency Acceptance
Acceptance Program• Acceptance program. All factors that
comprise the Agency determination of
the quality of the product as specified in
the contract requirements. These
factors include:
• verification sampling,
• testing,
• inspection
Acceptance Function
• Acceptance is not focused on directing the methods used to achieve conformance
• The primary objectives of agency acceptance are:
• Measure the Quality of all materials produced
and placed by the contractor
• Determine the corresponding payment
the contractor should receive
Acceptance Function
• Quality measurement is achieved through three general acceptance activities:
• Monitoring the adequacy of contractor QC activity
• Performing acceptance inspection to identify visually deficient work
• Performing Acceptance sampling and testing for key quality characteristics
• Agency is obtaining information to confirm that all products meet the specified
quality level
Independent Assurance - “Activities that are an unbiased and
independent evaluation of all the sampling and testing
procedures used in the Quality Assurance Program”
Independent Assurance - IA
• Provide an assessment of
personnel proficiency and
equipment for both
agency and contractor
Independent Assurance activities:
Scope of IA Activities
• Performed by Agency or Designated Agent personnel who are not
directly responsible for project Acceptance sampling and testing
• Provides periodic independent evaluation of QC and Acceptance
personnel and their equipment
• Not used to make a determination of work quality or
acceptability
Independent Assurance – IA (cont.)
Quality Control - QC - “The system used by a Contractor
party to monitor, assess and adjust their production or
placement processes to ensure that the final product will
meet the specified level of quality.”
Definition
Contractor Quality Control
• QC is the responsibility of the Contractor
• The party producing or placing the product is in the best position to exercise Quality Control
Contractor Responsibility for Quality Control
Scope of Quality Control Activities
• Contractor’s QC system should address:
• Materials production processes
• Materials transportation and handling
• Field placement procedures
• Calibration and maintenance of equipment
• Activities (sampling, testing and inspection) to maintain each process in control
• Means to make timely adjustments and corrections
Contractor QC Operating Documents
• Quality Control Plan - A project specific document prepared by the contractor
which identifies QC personnel and procedures that will be used to maintain
production and placement processes in control and meet the
agency specification requirements.
• Central Laboratories
• Consultant Labs used for Independent Assurance (IA)
• Consultant Labs used for Dispute Resolution
Requirements for Laboratory Accreditation
“Laboratories that are
capable as defined by
appropriate programs
established by each
Agency.”
Qualified Laboratories
• Laboratory Qualification
Program
• All other Labs performing
sampling and testing that is
utilized in the Agency’s
acceptance decision
Laboratory Qualification
Qualified Personnel - “Personnel who are capable as
defined by appropriate programs established or
recognized by each Agency.”
Definition
Qualified Personnel
Personnel who are recognized by a formal certifying
body as qualified to perform specific procedures.
Definition
Certified Personnel
• Formal training
• On-the-job training
• Specified re-
qualification intervals
• Proficiency demonstration
• A written exam
• A process for disqualification or decertification
A complete personnel qualification/certification
program should include, at minimum:
Requirement for Personnel
Qualification / Certification
• Dispute Resolution - The procedure used
to resolve discrepancies between the
Agency’s Acceptance and Contractor’s QC
testing results that could impact
payment.
• Dispute Resolution system required when
QC results used in Acceptance decision.
Materials Testing Dispute Resolution
• Can be performed within the DOT
• Use of accredited third party
laboratory can be used.
Responsibility for Dispute Resolution
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6. Tests associated with post construction/in-
service performance
P - Process Control performed by the contractor/vendor over all production operations. This will entail
the constant monitoring of equipment, materials, and production activity to insure that the materials
meet all applicable requirements and are produced within specifications
PE - Product evaluation is based on compatibility with established standards and
specifications, tested properties, performance history and suitablity to specific
applications performed by the puchasing agency or independent laboratory.
IA - Independent assurance are activities that are an unbiased and independent
evaluation of all the sampling and testing (or inspection) used in the QA program
SECTION DESCRIPTION
A - Acceptance testing performed by the agency, or its designated agent, to evaluate acceptability of
the final product. Also called verification sampling and testing when specifically used to validate the
contractor's data
C. Material conformance testing
4. Tests and processess to establish the design and construction criteria utilizing specific materials and resources
B. Process control tests conducted during the
manufacturing of the emulsion liquid
2.
AS
PH
AL
T
EM
UL
SIO
N G
RA
DE
S
SCRUB
TACK COAT
1. List of various applications for bitumen emulsions
2. List of the all grades of bitumen emulsions that can be used for
each application
3. Describes the various tests associated with the
manufacturing of bitumen emulsions
PERFORMANCE TESTS
TH
ER
MA
L C
RA
CK
ING
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E
C.
GENERAL
A. Lists test performed when designing the emulsion
liquid to be manufactured
3.
MANUFACTURING OF LIQUID BITUMEN EMULSION
5.
CONSTRUCTION
SAND SEAL
MIX
ES
1.
EM
UL
SIO
N A
PP
LIC
AT
ION
S
NOVA
6.
IN-SERVICE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FUNCTION
AND DURABILITY
4. DESIGN/
PRECONSTRUCTION
ENGINEERING
SH
OV
ING
RA
VE
LIN
G
CO
MP
AC
TA
BIL
ITY
B.
MATERIAL MANUFACTURING
(STABILITY/CONSISTENCY)
ST
AB
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FA
TIG
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CR
AC
KIN
G
SK
ID
BR
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KIN
G R
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SLURRY SEAL
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FOG SEAL
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P T
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AP
PL
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N M
IX D
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IGN
WE
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OF
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ON
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A.
MATERIAL ENGINEERING
AND DESIGN
FIE
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TT
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AB
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AD
HE
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N T
O A
GG
RE
GA
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Quality Assurance Testing
UV
OX
IDA
TIO
N
FT
FA
TT
INE
SS
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E-E
AR
LY
AG
GR
EG
AT
E L
OS
S
LO
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TE
RM
RA
VE
LL
ING
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E
FOAM ASPHALT
CHIP SEAL
SAMPLE
CR
S-2
, C
MS
-2,
RS
-2,
HF
MS
-2 W
LA
TE
X
AS
TM
D244,
P,
PE
, A
PE
, A
D 6
930,
EN
12847
AS
TM
D244,
EN
13075-1
, N
F T
66-
019
AS
TM
D244,
D7276
PA
TT
I A
dh
esio
n
Test,
PE
, A
, IA
AS
TM
D244
A A A A A A A A A A
SK
ID T
ES
TE
R -
A A A
D 7
000
A A A
VIRGIN
RECYCLED
CIR
5. Tests performed during the construction of
the emulsified application process
6. Tests associated with post construction/in-
service performance
P - Process Control performed by the contractor/vendor over all production operations. This will entail
the constant monitoring of equipment, materials, and production activity to insure that the materials
meet all applicable requirements and are produced within specifications
PE - Product evaluation is based on compatibility with established standards and
specifications, tested properties, performance history and suitablity to specific
applications performed by the puchasing agency or independent laboratory.
IA - Independent assurance are activities that are an unbiased and independent
evaluation of all the sampling and testing (or inspection) used in the QA program
SECTION
DESCRIPTION
A - Acceptance testing performed by the agency, or its designated agent, to evaluate acceptability of
the final product. Also called verification sampling and testing when specifically used to validate the
contractor's data
C. Material conformance testing
4. Tests and processess to establish the design and construction criteria
utilizing specific materials and resources
B. Process control tests conducted during the
manufacturing of the emulsion liquid
2.
AS
PH
AL
T
EM
UL
SIO
N G
RA
DE
S
SCRUB
TACK COAT
1. List of various applications for bitumen
emulsions
2. List of the all grades of bitumen emulsions that can
be used for each application
3. Describes the various tests associated with
the manufacturing of bitumen emulsions
PERFORMANCE TESTS
TH
ER
MA
L C
RA
CK
ING
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E
A. Lists test performed when designing the
emulsion liquid to be manufactured
5.
CONSTRUCTION
SAND SEAL
MIX
ES
1.
EM
UL
SIO
N A
PP
LIC
AT
ION
S
NOVA
6.
IN-SERVICE PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FUNCTION
AND DURABILITY
4. DESIGN/
PRECONSTRUCTION
ENGINEERING
SH
OV
ING
RA
VE
LIN
G
CO
MP
AC
TA
BIL
ITY
ST
AB
ILIT
Y
FA
TIG
UE
CR
AC
KIN
G
SK
ID
BR
EA
KIN
G R
AT
E
SLURRY SEAL
MICROSURFACING
FOG SEAL
SW
EE
P T
ES
T
AP
PL
ICA
TIO
N M
IX D
ES
IGN
WE
TT
ING
OF
ST
ON
ES
PL
AC
EM
EN
T
FIE
LD
CO
AT
ING
TE
ST
DR
AIN
OU
T/
SP
RA
YA
BIL
ITY
AD
HE
SIO
N T
O S
UB
ST
RA
TE
AD
HE
SIO
N T
O S
UB
ST
RA
TE
RU
TT
ING
WO
RK
AB
ILIT
Y
AD
HE
SIO
N T
O A
GG
RE
GA
TE
Quality Assurance Testing
UV
OX
IDA
TIO
N
FT
FA
TT
INE
SS
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E-E
AR
LY
AG
GR
EG
AT
E L
OS
S
LO
NG
TE
RM
RA
VE
LL
ING
RE
SIS
TA
NC
E
FOAM ASPHALT
CHIP SEAL
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