promotion of biosurfactants on washing of pcbs from contaminated soil

hnolo

VII5-P-014

Promotion of biosurfactants on washing of PCBs from contam-inated soil

Hong Liu a,∗, Zhou Shi b, Naiyun Gao a, Quan Sun b

a School of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Lab-oratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University,Shanghai, Chinab Department of Water Science and Engineering, College of Civil Engi-neering, Hunan University, Changsha, China

E-mail address: yuerrosy@gmail.cm (H. Liu).

The effect of several kinds of biosurfactants solution on washingof polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from contaminated soil wasinvestigated. The results show that the desorption of PCBs fromcontaminated soil is affected by the concentration of biosurfactants,reaction time and the ionic strength. Biosurfactants do not improvePCBs desorption from contaminated soil when their concentrationsare below or near their critical micelle concentration (CMC) values.However, biosurfactants could obviously enhance the desorptionefficiency when the concentrations exceeded the CMC values. Thedesorbed amount of PCBs increases with the increase of biosur-factants concentrations. There exist a washing balance time pointregarding to the effect of reaction time. The ionic strength had a pos-itive influence on washing of PCBs from soil. The results obtainedindicate the high extract power of biosurfactants toward PCBs pol-luted soil and potential use of biosurfactants for in situ remediationof PCBs or other low-polarity organic contaminated soils.

Keywords: Biosurfactant; PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls); Wash-ing; Contaminated soil

References

Campfens, J., Mackay, D., 1997. Fugacity-based model of PCB bio-accumulation incomplex aquatic food webs. Environ. Sci. Technol. 31 (3), 577–583.

Michael, J., Mann, 1999. Full-scale and pilot-scale soil washing [J]. Hazard. Mater. 66,119–136.

Chu, W., Chan, K.H., 2003. The mechanism of the surfactant-aided soil washing sys-tem for hydrophobic and partial hydrophobic organics. Sci. Total Environ. 307,83–92.

Cooper, D.G., 1986. Biosurfactants [J]. Microbiol. Sci. 3, 145–149.Mulligan Catherine, N., 2005. Environmental applications for biosurfactants [J]. Env-

iron. Pollut. 133, 183–198.Jacob, L., et al., 1998. Biosurfactant (rhamnolipid) sorption and the impact on

rhamnolipid-facilitated removal of cadmium from various soils under saturatedflow conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 32, 776–781.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1592

VII5-P-015

Mechanism and performance of pollutant removal fromwastewater with acid dyes by UASB reactor

Li Xiu-Fen a,b,∗, Wijetunga Somasiri a,b, Chen Jian a,b

a Lab of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental andCivil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi City,Jiangsu 214122, Chinab National key lab of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University,Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi City, Jiangsu 214122, China

E-mail addresses: xfli@jiangnan.eud.cn (L. Xiu-Fen),swije@yahoo.com (W. Somasiri), jchen@jiangnan.edu.cn (C. Jian).

The aim of this paper was to investigate the primary mechanismof colour and COD removal and combination effects of differentacid dyes on the performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanketreactor with different COD levels using synthetic textile wastew-

gy 136S (2008) S678–S707 S687

ater. The experiments were conducted by mixing acid red 131,acid yellow 79 and acid blue 204. Acid red 131 and acid yel-low 79 were decolourized through the biodegradation while acidblue 204 was via adsorption onto microbial granules in upflowanaerobic sludge blanket reactor, which were confirmed by theinspection of UV–vis spectrum. The alkalinity and volatile fattyacids in anaerobic reactor were in the recommended range of1000–5000 mg L−1 and less than 250 mg L−1, respectively, duringthe whole operation. The specific methanogenic activity of anaer-obic granules was not considerably affected by the mixture ofacid dyes. COD removal increased as cosubstrate concentrationsamounted to 3000 mg L−1. Over 85% colour removal was achieved at300 mg L−1 dye concentration. If organic loading in textile wastew-ater is not sufficient for the operation of upflow anaerobic sludgeblanket system, it is essential to provide additional carbon source(by mixing with other wastewaters, for example municipal wastew-ater).

References

Allégre, C., Moulin, P., Maisseu, M., Charbit, F., 2006. Treatment and reuse of reactivedyeing effluents. J. Membr. Sci. 269 (1–2), 15–34.

Brás, R., Gomes, A., Ferra, M.I.A., Pinheiro, H.M., Goncalves, I.C., 2005. Monoazo anddiazo dye decolourisation studies in a methanogenic UASB reactor. J. Biotechnol.115, 57–66.

Brik, M., Schoeberl, P., Chamam, B., Braun, R., Fuchs, W., 2006. Advanced treat-ment of textile wastewater towards reuse using a membrane bioreactor. ProcessBiochem. 41 (8), 1751–1757.

Schrank, S.G., Santos, J.N.R., Souza, D.S., Souza, E.E.S., 2007. Decolourisation effectsof Vat Green 01 textile dye and textile wastewater using H2O2/UV process. J.Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 186 (2–3), 125–129.

Vinod, K., Gupta, I.A., Vipin, K.S., 2007. Adsorption studies on the removal of Ver-tigo Blue 49 and Orange DNA13 from aqueous solutions using carbon slurrydeveloped from a waste material. J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 315 (1), 87–93.

doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1593

VII5-P-016

Phenanthrene biodegradation by a novel Burkholderia sp. AFFand its crude extracts

Yuanyuan Qu ∗, Qiang Zhang, Jiti Zhou, Fangfang Ai

School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, KeyLaboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Min-istry of Education, China), Dalian University of Technology, Dalian116024, China

E-mail address: yuanyuanqu@yahoo.cn (Y. Qu).

The purpose of this study was to investigate phenanthrenebiodegradation by a newly isolated Burkholderia sp. AFF and itscrude extracts. The results showed that strain AFF could utilizephenanthrene as sole source of carbon and energy, and was identi-fied as Burkholderia sp. according to 16S rRNA gene analysis. Underthe optimal conditions (pH 7.0, 30 ◦C, 150 r min−1), phenanthrene(100 mg L−1) was removed 90% within 84 h by strain AFF. Andstrain AFF could tolerate higher phenanthrene concentration about300 mg L−1. Two major metabolites were isolated and identified byHPLC/MS. It is proposed that strain AFF possesses the salicylic acidpathway. The activity of crude catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O)from strain AFF was maintained at high level over a range of tem-perature (10–80 ◦C) and pH (8.0–9.0). The activity of crude C23Owas inhibited by Co2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Fe2+ and Fe3+. And the enzymeactivities were inhibited at different levels by H2O2, KI, SDS and l-ascorbic acid, while acryl amide and dithiothreitol (DTT) had lesseffect on enzyme activity. Crude C23O was further partially purifiedwith molecular mass nearly 35 kDa by SDS-PAGE electrophore-sis.