promoting clean vehicles in a sustainable south bay the local use vehicle demonstration program june...
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Promoting Clean Vehicles in a Sustainable South Bay
The Local Use Vehicle Demonstration Program
June 2011
Criteria Pollutants Green House Gas emissions Rising oil prices
Existing SB 375 strategies do not suit South Bay conditions because it is mature, dense & transit poor
Lacking consumer awareness of Clean Vehicle options
Problem
Sustainable South Bay Strategy An alternative SB 375 mobility and land use strategy
Formally adopted by the SBCCOG Board of Directors Addresses:
land use options that promote local trips transportation options that fit the demand for local trips
Based on five years of research Aside from the commute trip – virtually all trips are under 3
miles These conditions are ideal for locally oriented zero-emission
vehicles
Solution: Sustainable South Bay
The LUV Demonstration Program is testing electric Local Use Vehicles (LUVs)
7 small, short range & low speed cars for taking ‘local’ trips Driven by local residents for 3-6 months at a time Demonstrating use on local streets
Previously only in closed campuses
Designed to: Help overcome consumer resistance to unfamiliar
technologies Inform public policy makers about the practical barriers to
wide spread adoption of Local Use Vehicles
SSBS Mobility Component:The LUV Program
Contract with AQMD approved July 2009 Implementation planning July 2009 - 2010 LUV vehicles placed in May 2010 Research includes 18 month active vehicle
use Twelve months have been completed Analysis do date suggests:
Successful consumer acceptance Higher than expected emission reductions
Milestones
GEM e4
Vantage CrewCab
GEM e4
Wheego Whip
Matching Vehicle Types to Trip Types
Early Adopters Focus Groups Vehicle Waiting List Surveys Social Media
Proving Consumer Acceptance
Enthusiastic participants Their original gas guzzlers sit unused
Sometimes so long they have to get a jump start when they try to use their old cars
Several of our drivers are interested in purchasing a LUV to replace one of their vehicles
Travel time is not an issue for local trips
Consumer Acceptance
Collection Methods GPS vehicle tracking Drivers Logs
Continual Data Enhancements Handheld GPS data loggers Energy Use Monitors
Data
Monthly VMT
Users - 50
100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Residential Monthly VMT by User Household 1
Household 2Household 3Household 4Household 5Household 6Household 7Household 8Household 9Household 10
Round Trip Analysis
Out a
nd B
ack
Out a
nd B
ack + 1
Out a
nd B
ack + 2
Out a
nd B
ack + 3
Out a
nd B
ack + 4
Out a
nd B
ack + 5
Out a
nd B
ack + 6
Out a
nd B
ack + 7
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40
80
120
Ave Monthly Trip Chaining Patterns
Ave Min Max - 2 4 6 8
10 12 14 16 18
Round Trip Distance Traveled
Household 1Household 2Household 3Household 4Household 5Household 6Household 7Household 8Household 9
Local Driving Patterns
Wor
ksite
1
Wor
ksite
2
Wor
ksite
3
Wor
k Er
rand
Eat M
eals
Groce
ry S
hopp
ing
Other
Sho
ppin
g
Pers
onal
Ser
vice
s
Drop
Off
Comm
unity
Mee
tings
Ente
rtain
men
t
Atte
nd S
choo
l
Med
ical
Other
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1
2
3
Ave Distance from Home - MilesHousehold 1Household 2Household 3Household 4Household 5Household 6Household 7Household 8Household 9Household 10
GPS data is translated into detailed vehicle use profiles.
Use profiles include Monthly VMT Distances traveled per trip Travel time Destinations frequented by drivers
Data allows GHG and Criteria Pollutant reduction calculations
Use Profiles
The GPS data provide detailed feedback on the viability of existing street networks for Local Use Vehicles
Through GPS route mapping the SBCCOG is able to identify preferred low speed vehicle routes and make recommendations for infrastructure improvements where there are gaps in low speed accessibility
Infrastructure
Documents local travel patterns Profiles high performing multi-functional
neighborhood centers Clustering destinations supports
redevelopment and VMT reduction strategies
Implications
Benefits: Emission Reduction
LUV Annual Emission Reductions
Emissions Type Average Driver Minimum Use Maximum Use
TOG 665.3 402.7 1,071.5
CO 7,398.1 3,486.4 11,362.0
NOX 610.0 286.5 960.3
PM10 31.1 14.4 47.8
SOX 3.3 1.4 6.4
CO2 176,639.0 63,082.5 378,180.2
Gasoline consumption gal 116.1 39.7 277.7
Demonstrates potential emissions reductions from LUVs Such as replacing 60% of the 243,800 second
and third vehicles per household in the South Bay with LUVs
Benefits: Future Emission Reductions
Equivalent CO2 Reductions 150,000 LUVs** Ave Min Max
Tanker trucks of gasoline not delivered 321 115 687
Gallons of gass saved 17,420,182 5,953,500 41,655,932
Trees planted per year 616,293 220,095 1,319,471
GHG emissions per household ranged from 13% low use 50% high use
VMT reductions per household ranged from 15% low use 60% high use
Impact
Reductions from 150,000 LUVs
Household Emission ReductionsEmissions Per Month - Grams Ave Min Max
TOG 43% 15% 82%
CO 36% 10% 79%
NOX 34% 9% 75%
PM10 34% 8% 79%
SOX 24% 3% 71%
CO2 14% 1% 45%
Gasoline 37% 8% 100%
This pilot is a proof of concept that is replicable throughout LA County’s mature suburban regions for areas looking for low cost VMT reduction strategies Economic revitalization strategies Congestion relief strategies
Unintended consequence of our data collection Valuable data for utility companies and cities looking for guidance
regarding optimized placement of electric vehicle charging stations Based on our detailed suburban electric vehicle travel pattern studies
Southern California Edison has already approached the SBCCOG to collaborate on charging station placement plans for the LA area
Benefits: Multiple Uses of Data
Provides critical information for local infrastructure for clean vehicles including Bicycles Neighborhood Electric Vehicles Emerging clean vehicle technologies
Benefit: Infrastructure Guidance
LUV analysis has resulted in a proof of concept for the Sustainable South Bay Strategy
Low speed affordable electric vehicles could substantially reduce emissions from personal vehicles at low public cost
In contrast, implementation of existing SB 375 emission reduction methods would provide VMT reductions of less that 8%
The LUV demonstration program has provided data to South Bay cities that will assist them with Local land use strategies to further reduce VMT by clustering
destinations to keep trips short and local
Environmental Benefits
With this demonstration of the value of Local Use Vehicles the SBCCOG has set the stage for future programs Targeting the replacement of 60% of the
243,800 second and third vehicles in the South Bay with alt fuel vehicles
Encouraging households to start transitioning to clean passenger vehicles
Benefits: Future Programs
Promoting conversion to clean vehicles in the South Bay Exploring virtual auto malls Testing and documenting consumer acceptance for
emerging types of clean vehicles Adding clean vehicle info to the comprehensive
outreach ongoing at the SBESC Participating in developing plans for the proper
placement of infrastructure in the South Bay to support clean fuel vehicles of all types
Next Step
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