promoting agri-based entrepreneurship through pcaarrd extension modalities
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PROMOTING AGRI-BASED ENTREPRENEURSHIPTHROUGH PCAARRD EXTENSION MODALITIES
DR. MELVIN CARLOS
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OUTLINE
I. Definition of Terms
II. The modalities
III. Perceived outcomes, gains, challenges and innovations
IV. Way forward
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
Extension Approach - Encompasses the philosophy and style of
action which informs, stimulates, and guides the extension system,
its nature/type of structure, leadership, programs, resources and
linkages. The identified approaches take off from the description
of extension approaches by Axinn (1988) and supplemented with
other approaches based on survey responses.
Examples: Participatory Approach, Commodity-specialized Approach.
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach
Extension Strategy - A series of
steps, procedures, activities to
operationalize the approach which
will facilitate learning. It is the
operational design by which an
extension agency implements its
policies.
Example: Participation of stakeholders
planning, implementation and
evaluation of the project.
EXTENSION STRATEGY
Participation of Stakeholders
in planning, implementation
and evaluation
BIDANI
1. Coordination with LGU officials, City Health Office
and Officers of the Association of BHO
2. PRA
3. Trainings
4. Participatory planning
5. Stakeholder implementation and Monitoring
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach Extension Methods - Pertains to the
educational techniques employed by
the extension system particularly
by its field staff in communicating
with farmers. It includes individual,
group, and mass media methods
such as field days, farmers meeting
or classes, training, techno demo,
IEC support, educational tour and
farm and business advisory.
EXTENSION STRATEGY
Participation of
Stakeholders in planning,
implementation and
evaluation
EXTENSION METHODS
1. Training
2. Techno-demo
3. Educational trip
4. IEC support materials
5. Advisory services
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Farm and home visits
Informal contactsIndividual
Demonstration
Field Trips/Educational Trips/Lakbay aral
Group
sound (radio, audio cassettes)
moving pictures (TV, film, video) and other projected visuals (filmstrips and overhead transparencies, power point presentations)
Mass Media
The model farmer support
The field flag
Office calls, telephone calls
Field Days
Group meetings
Training
Print (posters, newsletters, technical bulletin,
factsheet, leaflets, illustrated guides, letters,
postcards)
Use of Broad band (SMS, internet)
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach
Extension Project is an extension interventionwith defined approach, strategies and methods andcurrently being implemented or completed but hasnot been implemented by other agencies and/or inother areas at different periods of time. It is alsopossible that this project is being tested forpossible wider application.
EXTENSION STRATEGY
Participation of Stakeholders
in planning, implementation
and evaluation
EXTENSION METHODS
1. Training
2. Techno-demo
3. Educational trip
4. IEC support materials
5. Advisory services
EXTENSION PROJECT
Enhancing Agricultural
Productivity and
Environmental Stability in Dry
land Areas in Nueva Vizcaya
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach
Extension Intervention a generic term referring
to an extension project or modality that seeks to
influence the development of the AFNR through an
agricultural intervention process directed to a
particular sector or community.
EXTENSION STRATEGY
Participation of Stakeholders
in planning, implementation
and evaluation
EXTENSION METHODS
1. Training
2. Techno-demo
3. Educational trip
4. IEC support materials
5. Advisory services
EXTENSION PROJECT
Enhancing Agricultural
Productivity and
Environmental Stability in Dry
land Areas in Nueva Vizcaya
EXTENSION MODALITY
TBI
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DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
EXTENSION APPROACH
Participatory Approach
Extension Modalities - is an established extension intervention that has been tested and adopted by various agencies or localities and has specified guidelines and standards that influences its approach, strategies and methods. Examples include Techno-Gabay Program (TGP) and Adopt-a-Barangay.
EXTENSION STRATEGY
Participation of Stakeholders
in planning, implementation
and evaluation
EXTENSION METHODS
1. Training
2. Techno-demo
3. Educational trip
4. IEC support materials
5. Advisory services
EXTENSION PROJECT
Enhancing Agricultural
Productivity and
Environmental Stability in Dry
land Areas in Nueva Vizcaya
EXTENSION MODALITY
TBI
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BOOK OUTPUT: COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION MODALITIES
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Rationale of the Modalities
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THE REALITY
Agriculture graduates seek employment
Agriculture graduates who have farms relegate the task to farm
workers
A sizable number of those into agriculture have remained
producers who have not maximized the business aspect of
production
There are technologies that add value to agriculture produce.
These technologies have not been maximized.
There exists a market for processed agri-based products.
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THE REALITY
Students shy away from agriculture courses because of several
reasons, one of which the belief that farming is not profitable and
there are limited opportunities of employment
Farming is profitable when it is treated as a business
Current AFNR SUC curriculums have low entrepreneurial focus
Need to complement AFNR programs of SUCs
Need to capacitate AFNR students on the business aspect of
production and possibilities of value addition
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THE INTERVENTION
Enhancing the demand for AFNR graduates through science and
technology launched in 2008 with a budget of P200-million.
Improve the employability and entrepreneurial potential of AFNR
graduates
The entrepreneurial component includes
Technology Business Incubation (TBI),
Technopreneurial Learning Projects (TLPs) or Education-Income
Generating Projects and
DOSTAcademe Technology-based Enterprise Development (DATBED)
projects.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
TBI seeks to enhance entrepreneurial competencies of
agricultural students by providing them the opportunities
establish an enterprise using new agricultural technology.
With the grant, incubatees and other clients are provided
1. technical support on agricultural production
2. processing, storage, office space
3. product development
4. business counseling
5. financial sourcing
6. market linkaging, and
7. legal advice on business registration and administrative
services necessary to successfully launch new AFNR-based
businesses.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
The first agriculture and food
technology-based incubator (TBI)
project in the country was launched at
the Philippine-Sino Center for
Agricultural Technology (PhilSCAT) in
Muoz, Nueva Ecija with a grant of P30
million
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
This extension modality for the area visited focused on
promoting agri-based food enterprises of commodities such
as tilapia, goat, onions, mango, mushroom, vegetables, dairy
carabao, and aromatic rice.
Support services was spearheaded and orchestrated by CLSU
in partnership with collaborating agencies like the Philippine
Carabao Center, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources,
Nueva Ecija Fruit and Vegetables Seed Center, PhilRice,
and PhilSCAT.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
For this project, TBI Office at CLSU in Nueva Ecija was visited
and Recommended Key Informants on-site were interviewed
at Barangay San Isidro, Lupao (for goat, tilapia and rice
integrated farm); Barangay Maragol, Muoz (for tilapia
production), Barangay Agupalo Weste Lupao (for aromatic
rice production) and Barangay Digdig, Carranglan (for goat
production) all in the province of Nueva Ecija at their
convenient time.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
Partners/Cooperating Organization
CLSU implementing institution
PCAARRD - monitoring, coordination and evaluation.
Financial institution (LBP), Chamber of Commerce R3, DOST R3,
DTI members of advisory committee
Goals
To nurture would-be start-ups until they become free-standing
enterprises.
Enterprise development
Technology commercialization
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
Particular Type of TBI Start-up Enterprise
Crop Seed
Production (Aromatic
Rice )
Livestock Production
(Goat)
Fish Production
(Tilapia)
Name/Age/Gender Richard
Carnate/39/Male
Rodelio
Curamen/54/Male
Loida
Gonzales/48/Female
Characteristics of
incubatee
Alumni; graduate of
Proj. 3.1
Alumni; graduate of
Proj. 3.1
Existing
Entrepreneur; non-
graduate of Proj. 3.1
Enterprise
Location
Outwall/Lupao,
Nueva Ecija
Outwall/Carranglan,
Nueva Ecija
Outwall/Muoz,
Nueva Ecija
Scale of operation 2 hectares 10-doe level; 5
hectares
7,500 breeders, 1
hectare
Grant Given rice seeds goats fingerlings
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
A TBI for aromatic rice seed production enterprise
Alumnus, BS Agriculture
A net income of PhP40,000 was reached during the time of production.
Income is less that his earnings as a fireman
He discontinued the practice because:
1. Aromatic rice yield is low compared to modern varieties. He said that his father,
who is a farmer, is earning more as rice farmer using modern varieties
2. Lack of market for seed for aromatic rice
3. Laborious
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
A TBI for goat production enterprise - Barangay Digdig, Carranglan, Nueva Ecija.
Alumnus, BS Agriculture
KI revealed that only 1 goat at present is available. On the onset of the project
implementation, 10 goat stocks with an average of 2 to 3 baby goats were born to
the goats but after 3 months, 50% of the baby goats died due to unknown reasons.
He decided to sell the remaining goats and discontinued goat production altogether
because of the high risk he associates with it.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
A TBI for tilapia production enterprise
BS Agriculture/Existing Entrepreneur
Discontinued: Fish pond dried up (photo below before vs after the proj.)
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
Methods
Training
Subject Matter: Agricultural production, processing, financial management and
marketing.
Method: Training discussion
IEC Support - Promotion using TV, leaflet
Advisory, consultation and mentoring services financial advisory, product
development and others.
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TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS INCUBATION
Challenges
1. Difficulty in monitoring. The enterprises were located far from one another.
The problem on distance is coupled with problems in personnel load of the
faculty/staff assigned to do this task which is on top of their regular load in
the university . New staff of TBI cant answer the financial matters for
monitoring. Changed leadership already.
2. Lack of market study. While the science and technology aspects were
learned, there is a need to learn about the feasibility of the enterprise. This
was the case of the aromatic rice.
3. Lack of immediate technical advice. The distance and poor communication
between the incubates and the technical staff from CLSU made the
provision of technical support difficult. Hence, when the goats died, the
incubatee did not know how to address it and did not know how to seek
technical advice.
4. Changes in landscape in tilapia production, the river dried up
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TLP
The E-IGPs or TLPs are learning modalities where students and/or
unemployed graduates are immersed in the universitys business projects
which have the needed facilities, supplies and materials for production.
It is funded by DOST and coordinated by PCAARRD and DOST
allied agencies; and implemented by SUCs under the National
Agriculture and Resources Research and Development Network.
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TLP EXISTING PROJECTS
Lowland Vegetable (squash, bitter gourd, dishrag);
Honey Corn (green corn, grain corn, chichacorn);
Beef Cattle Fattening;
Milkfish and Tilapia Processing (marinated and smoked bangus,
smoked tilapia, tilanggit)
Sea Urchin and Sea Cucumber Culture; and
E-Kawayan
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DATBED
DATBED stands for DOST-Academe Technology-Based
Enterprise Development. It is a special loan facility of the
Department of Science and Technologys Technology Adoption
and Promotion Institute (DOST-TAPI)
Goal
To provide experiential learning and income for the students and
graduates of AFNR in the form of entrepreneurship through
microfinancing assistance.
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DATBED
DATBED stands for DOST-Academe Technology-Based
Enterprise Development. It is a special loan facility of the
Department of Science and Technologys Technology Adoption
and Promotion Institute (DOST-TAPI)
Goal
To provide experiential learning and income for the students and
graduates of AFNR in the form of entrepreneurship through
microfinancing assistance.
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DATBED
75 DATBED projects spread out in 10 provinces. In Region V, BU
and its partner SUCs, namely: Camarines Norte State College
(CNSC), Central Bicol State University of Agriculture (CBSUA),
Catanduanes State Colleges (CSC), and Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa Sr.
Memorial State College of Agriculture and Technology
(DEBESMSCAT).
5 million fund for students
There are 29 student-beneficiaries and 63 graduate-beneficiaries.
They are involved in hog fattening, doe fattening, asexual pili
seedling production, vegetable production, native chicken raising,
tilapia raising, freshwater prawn culture, and egg layer and broiler
production.
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DATBED
Graduate of Agribusiness/VSU, new Instructor
The KI involved in pickle bottling is able to produce 130 bottles of pickles per
production cycle giving income of PhP7,800 per production with a total expenses
amounting to PhP5,850 so a profit of PhP1,950 per production was realized by one KI.
Graduate of Agribusiness/Landbank , new employee
The other graduate student reported that a total of 50 bottles of pickles per
quarter amounting to PhP250 per bottle will give a total gross income of PhP50, 000 in a
year and PhP119 per bottle cost of production will give a total expense of PhP23, 800
thereby having profit of PhP26, 200.
Agribusiness student/Businessman
The KI, involved in pineapple wine production business enterprise was able to
realize an average gross income of PhP400,000 with a total production cost of PhP250,000
and a profit of about PhP150,000 a year
They all graduated in 2014, so proj. was S.Y. 2012-2013 since it is a one yr cycle. Only one
continued business in pineapple wine, one hired as new instructor of VSU as faculty of
AgriBuss & one hired at Landbank . The rest graduated & employed (3) outside the
province at the time of interview.
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DATBED
Challenges:
Lack of facilities wine facilities currently could not provide longer
shelf
Poor machinery care once the machines break down, it takes time to
have it repaired due to the government processes. This leads to
spoilage of fresh products that need to be processed and loss of
opportunity to earn
Under Food Science of VSU, pineapple wine & pickle production. They
avail loan for their capital requirement & repay after so they need to
have cash-bond instead of guarantor from parents or instructor
otherwise VSU has the right to hold diploma, TOR etc. if unpaid after
graduation.
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Perceived
outcome
Gains Innovations Challenges
TBI Operational:
M & E
Business: Market
study
Additional
income for
incubatees
business
enterprise
development
Because of
difficulty in
monitoring
alumni
students near
the CLSU area
interested has
been
considered to
help
Delay
monitoring
due to far
areas. Need to
schedule visit
Start-up
capital needed
& market
outlet of
products that
command
higher price
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Perceived
outcome
Gains Innovations Challenges
TLP Operational:
Capital to
purchase high
quality cattle
Business:
Market study
Earning
income while
learning,
additional
income for the
family
Instead of male
cows a
consideration
for dispersal of
female cow for
succeeding
batches of TLP
students
Students
graduated in
the 1st Batch
but the 2nd
Batch got
conflict in their
classes and
graduation
requirements
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Perceived
outcome
Gains Innovations Challenges
DATBED Technological:
Fast outdating
of machines
Operational:
Disbursement
procedures
Earning
income while
studying
Outsourcing
of raw
materials &
labeling for
product and
marketing
development
New product
offshoot of
new
technology
use for sweet
potato,
pineapple &
jackfruit
processing
Loan difficult
to process
per Admin
and
Accounting
policies
Outsourcing
of raw
materials
became
expensive
after
typhoon
Yolanda
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COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
TBI TLP DATBED
Ways forward Increase more
commodity &
integrated enterprise
for incubatees in the
locality from CLSU
to outside
Add more project
like carabao and goat
for students as early
as 2nd Yr
Increase more
support for the
students training,
facilities and funding
Ways forward
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THANK YOU!
COMPENDIUM OF EXTENSION AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER MODALITIES IN AFNR IN THE PHILIPPINES
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