project on constitution
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CONSTITUTIONALDESIGN
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What Is A Constitution?
A constitution is a set of fundamentalprinciples or established precedents according to
which a state or other organization is governed .
These rules together make up, i.e. constitute, whatthe entity is. When these principles are written downinto a single collection or set of legal documents,those documents may be said to comprise a written
constitution.
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Why do we need a constitution ?We need a constitution because:
It generates a degree of trust and coordination thatis necessary for different kind of people to livetogether.
It specifies how the government will be constituted ,who will have power to take which decisions.
It lays down limits on the powers of the governmentand tells us what the rights of the citizens are.
It expresses the aspirations of the people aboutcreating a good society.
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Every aspect and institution of human civilization requires some form ofgovernment to prevent injustice and maintain order. People needboundaries. The healthiest, happiest children are those with clearboundaries. Citizens are subject to the laws of the land in which they reside.Property is secured with boundaries. Armies and business organizations are
subject to internal and external rules of order and discipline.
Madison said Ifmen were angels, no government would be necessary. Ifangels were to govern men, no controls on government would be necessary.In framing a government of men over men, the great difficulty lies in this:You must first enable the government to control the governed, and in the
next place oblige it to control itself Just as we have civil laws to restrainmen in society, so we have constitutional laws to restrain men in power .
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Two preambles [one from Indianconstitution and one from U.S.A]
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Making of the Indian Constitution The making of the constitution for a huge and
diverse country like India was not so easy.
But it became easy when much of the
consensus evolved during the NationalMovement against British.
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The drafting of the document called the
constitution was done by an assembly of elected
representatives called the Constituent Assembly.
Elections to the Constituent Assembly were held
in July 1946. Soon after the country was divided
into two. So the constituent assembly too got
separated into Indias and Pakistans.
The Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian
Constitution had 299 members.
The assembly adopted the Constitution on 26
November 1949 and came into effect on 26
January 1950.
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CHAIR HOLDERS OF THE CONSTITUENT
ASSEMBLY
NAME DESIGNATION
Rajendra Prasad H.C. Mookherji
B.R. Ambedkar
Jawahar Lal Nehru
Moturi Satyanarayana
Chairman Vice Chairman
Chairman of the DraftingCommittee
Chairman of the StatesCommittee
Chairman of the LanguageCommittee
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From top : Sarojni Naidu , Shyama Prasad Mukherji , Jaipal Singh ,Kanhayalal Manniklal Munshi , Durgabai Deshmukh , Baldev Singh.
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BY : RIYA MANDALCLASS: 9TH B
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