prof. wolfgang christ: the urban index® -- towards quality urban environment
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
CNU 17, Denver | June 10, 2009
Stadtqualität vor Augen!
Towards Quality Urban EnvironmentThe Urban INDEX®
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 2
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Urban INDEX® – Stadtqualität vor Augen!
Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Duisburg, Ruhr, Germany
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 3
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Urban INDEX® – Stadtqualität vor Augen!
Parma, Emilia-Romagna, Italy Duisburg, Ruhr, Germany
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 4
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
1. New Urban Landscape
UI Perspectives on Urban Sustainability
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 5
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
1. New Urban Landscape
2. New Urban Mobility
UI Perspectives on Urban Sustainability
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 6
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
1. New Urban Landscape
2. New Urban Mobility
3. New Urban Neighbourhoods
UI Perspectives on Urban Sustainability
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 7
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
1. New Urban Landscape
2. New Urban Mobility
3. New Urban Neighbourhoods
4. New Urban Heritage
UI Perspectives on Urban Sustainability
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 8
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI Perspectives on Urban Sustainability
1. New Urban Landscape
2. New Urban Mobility
3. New Urban Neighbourhoods
4. New Urban Heritage
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 9
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park– Rhein-Main Planning Authority –
UII: Experience in sustainable development
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 10
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park– Rhein-Main Planning Authority –
Sustainable Train Station– German Railway Company–
UII: Experience in sustainable development
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 11
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park– Rhein-Main Planning Authority –
Sustainable Train Station– German Railway Company–
Car-free Neighbourhoods– Research project, ‘Bundesstiftung Umwelt’ –
UII: Experience in sustainable development
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 12
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park– Rhein-Main Planning Authority –
Sustainable Train Station– German Railway Company –
Car-free Neighbourhoods– Research project, ‘Bundesstiftung Umwelt’ –
Placemaking– International Building Exhibition –
UII: Experience in sustainable development
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 13
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park– Rhein-Main Planning Authority –
Sustainable Train Station– German Railway Company –
Car-free Neighbourhoods– Research project, ‘Bundesstiftung Umwelt’ –
Placemaking– International Building Exhibition –
UII: Experience in sustainable development
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 14
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 15
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
HOW TOo really protect green
corridors?
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 16
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
HOW TOo Really protect green
corridors?o combine the urban realm &
(artificial) wilderness?
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 17
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
HOW TOo Really protect green
corridors?o combine the urban realm &
(artificial) wilderness?o create a landscape Image of
the Metropolitan Region?
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 18
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 19
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
HOW TOo qualify agricultural land –
both aesthetically and ecologically?
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 20
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
HOW TOo qualify agricultural land –
both aesthetically and ecologically?
o stop ‘Zwischenstadt’- Sprawl?
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 21
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Regional Park for the Rhein-Main Metropolitan Area
HOW TOo qualify agricultural land –
both aesthetically and ecologically?
o stop ‘Zwischenstadt’- Sprawl?
o design the urban edge?
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 22
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
The Potential of Landscape Urbanism
Combine Urban Development & Landscape Development
Integrate economy & ecology & aesthetics
Improve local identity
Develop regional profile
Create new public realm
Stimulate inter-communal cooperation
Enrich people’s ‘love affair’ with their region
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Frankfurt
– Masterplan 1994 –Regional Planning Authority- Umlandverband Frankfurt -
We recommend:
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Sustainable Train Station
Handbook, 1995
The ‘Green Station’: Information center for sustainable mobility
The ‘Green Station’: Integrated part of green infrastructure
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Sustainable Train StationProvide amenities ‘all under one roof’
Design a Station Square
Connect neighbourhoods
Densify the urban fabric
Create a new ‘station neighbourhood’
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 25
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Sustainable Train Station: Bullay / Pilot Project
Opened: 2000 // BDA Award 2000
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Car-free Neighbourhoods
• More public / private space available
• Parking as external service
• No public subsidies for private parking
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 27
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Nürnberg,Langwasser P
Wittenberg,Werksiedlung Piesteritz
Tübingen,Südstadt
Amsterdam,GWL-Terrein
• Cost savings reinvested in neighbourhood amenitiesPlayground, kindergarten, ‘turkish bath’, bike service, café, car sharing station
• Higher urban density without compromising quality of life
• Interactive ground floor frontage
Car-free Neighbourhoods
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Car-free Neighbourhoods
• Flexibility in designing the urban fabric
• Diversity in the public realm
• Minimize the urban footprint
• Mixed-use development
• Cohousing
• Green Building
• New urban living
New areas ofpotential in urban planning
New York Times. May 11, 2009
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Placemaking
“Ariane is proud to be ‘Miss Bitterfeld-Wolfen 2001’. For the first time ever, she’s made it to the top of the ‘Pegelturm’ at the end of Bitterfeld pier. ‘It’s wonderful up here’ exclaims the 22-year-old from Aken..”
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Placemaking
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Placemaking
o A new frontier in urbanized areas
o Community Building
o Attracting the ‘creative classes’
o ‘Planning the sense of a region’
Transforming the industrial heritage
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Programme
“On the one hand urban
neighbourhoods
represent the smallest
practicable unit for
complex, holistic urban
development strategies.
On the other, they are the
largest urban area that a
single person can relate
to and experience as a
whole: my
neighbourhood, my
quarter, my district...”
I. Urban Neighbourhoods
“According to Prof Dr.
Klaus Töpfer, ‘a poor-
quality building in
the right city has a
higher value than a
better building in the
wrong location’.”
II. Urban Value
“The UI Star-Ratings
show how far one
can go when a
willingness to
cooperating in
shaping one’s
surroundings goes
hand ind hand with
ambitious aims”
III. Urban Star- Ratings
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Category I: Context
UI-Category I considers the urban quarter in its surrounding urban and regional context. The environmental quality of an urban quarter is, among other things, also depnedent on interactions with external influences such as trade and retail facilities or open countryside.
The quarter and the urban region.
Category IV: Communication
UI-Category IV considers the informal dimension of the contemporary urban realm. As with category I, here too the urban quarter must react to external conditions. The indicators show clearly that sustainability results from a wide-ranging alignment of the forces that shape the city
The quarter and its character.
Category II: Complexity
UI-Category II considers the ‘hardware’ of the urban quarter and with it its functional elements – such as employment, housing, education or retail. In particular, the UI examines the mix and diversity of different functions available in the quarter.
The quarter and its constituent elements.
Category III: Contour
UI-Category III assesses the ‘software’ of the urban quarter, for example, how well heterogeneous elements are interconnected. Special emphasis is given to the character and disposition of ist public spaces and ist formal qualities of place that lend the quarter a distinctive character.
The quarter and its framework.
UI:Urban Categories
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI: Toolbox
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI Category I: CONTEXT
1. Region2. City3. Landscap
e4. Mobility 5. Centres6. Energy7. Resource
s8. e.g. Nature
The quarter and the urban region.
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI Category II: COMPLEXITY
1. Housing2. Work3. Services4. Retail5. Health6. Knowledg
e7. Recreatio
n8. e.g. Public transport networks
The quarter and its constituent elements.
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI Category III: CONTOUR
1. Spatial Figure2. Spatial
Structure3. Townscape4. Routes5. Squares6. Places7. Centre8. e.g. Historic Monuments
The quarter and its framework.
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI Category IV: COMMUNICATION
1. History2. Community3. Access4. Views5. Street Life6. Culture7. Cooperatio
n8. e.g. Web Community
The quarter and its constituent elements.
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
UI: Iconic Frame
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Urban INDEX: Partners
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Rheinufer Süd (LU)
…Alte Kolonie (LU)
Mannheim Speyer
Worms
Urban INDEX Pilot Projects
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Andernach …Ansbach
Berlin Duisburg
Erlangen
UI Shopping Pilot Projects
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Coordinates:49°38′ N, 8°22′ O
Location of pilot area
in relation to the city centre
Worms, Liebenauer Feld
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Indicator: Transport Nodes
Airport < 40 minutes away.
Hi-speed rail < 30 minutes away.
Motorway < 15 minutes away.
Airport < 75 minutes away.
Hi-speed rail < 45 minutes away.
Motorway < 20 minutes away.
Two of three transport nodes can be
reached from the centre of the
quarterwithin the time given in point 2.
Assessment criteria
Worms, Liebenauer Feld
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Coordinates: 49°29′ N, 8°28′ O
Location of pilot area
in relation to the city centre
Mannheim, Herzogenried
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 46
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Indicator: Urban Form
The formal definition / typology of public
urban space is clear and distinct.
The formal definition / typology of public
urban space is perceptible.
The formal definition / typology of public
urban space is for the most part
perceptible.
Mannheim, Herzogenried
Assessment criteria
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Coordinates: 49°30′ N, 8°26′ O
Location of pilot area
in relation to the city centre
Ludwigshafen, Rheinufer Süd
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 48
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
The majority of buildings in the quarter
have active street frontages that enliven
the street space.
At least 12 km of street frontages in the
quarter contribute to enlivening the street
space.
At least 10 km of street frontages in the
quarter contribute to enlivening the street
space.
Assessment criteria
Ludwigshafen, Rheinufer Süd
Indicator: Views
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Stars are awarded according to the score attained within the rating assessment procedure.
UI: Star Rating
The Urban INDEX – Towards Quality Urban Environment | 50
Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Four Urban Categories are key to sustainable development:
1. CONTEXTThe urban quarter as a platform for a culture of integration
2. COMPLEXITYThe urban quarter as the ideal scale between large and small
3. CONTOURThe urban quarter as a stage for ‘civic art’
4. COMMUNICATIONThe urban quarter as a biotope for community planning.
Chess Set, Josef HartwigBauhaus, 1924
Still Life with Chair,Pablo Picasso, 1912
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
The UI support of the Oslo-Denver Initiative onUrban Design and Climate Change: STADTQUALIÄT!
Impuls for the futureRebuilding the European City is
honoured by UI – Star Ratings
ResponsabilityEncouraging leadership in
urban and environmental development
Urban SustainabilityAnchoring the sustainability
debate in the urban environment
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
Görlitz, Germany, 2004: Signing of the CEU.D Charter
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Prof. Wolfgang Christ
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