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BRAWO® SYSTEMS - KOB GmbH · Blechhammerweg 13-17 · 67659 Kaiserslautern · Germany
P: +49 631 20561-100, F: +49 631 20561-101
brawosystems.com
www
Process instruction
BRAWOLINER® rehabilitation process
Valid from: 08/2020
Keep for further use!
BRAWO® SYSTEMS - KOB GmbH · Blechhammerweg 13-17 · 67659 Kaiserslautern · Germany
P: +49 631 20561-100, F: +49 631 20561-101
brawosystems.com
www
Contents
1.0.0 Introduction ............................................................................ 4
2.0.0 Safety - Accident prevention ................................................. 5
2.1.0 Warning notices and special information..................................................... 5
2.2.0 Intended use ............................................................................................... 6
2.3.0 Improper use ............................................................................................... 6
2.4.0 Sources of danger - Accident prevention .................................................... 7
2.4.1 Residual risks .......................................................................................... 7
2.4.2 Personal protective equipment .............................................................. 10
2.4.3 First-aid measures (epoxy resin) ........................................................... 13
2.4.4 Safety equipment ................................................................................... 14
2.5.0 Operators' workplace and qualifications .................................................... 15
2.6.0 Noise emission .......................................................................................... 15
3.0.0 Installation process - Process description ......................... 16
3.1.0 Application area ........................................................................................ 16
3.2.0 Brief description of the BRAWOLINER® inversion process ...................... 16
3.3.0 Schematic process plan ............................................................................ 18
3.3.1 Rehabilitation case ................................................................................ 18
3.3.2 Rehabilitation system ............................................................................. 19
3.3.3 Preliner .................................................................................................. 20
3.3.4 Resin types ............................................................................................ 21
3.3.5 Liner types ............................................................................................. 23
3.3.6 Installation variants ................................................................................ 25
3.3.7 Necessary installation equipment .......................................................... 28
3.3.8 Curing process....................................................................................... 29
4.0.0 Installation process - Guideline .......................................... 30
4.1.0 Preparation of the pipe to be rehabilitated ................................................ 31
4.2.0 Establishing operational readiness ........................................................... 32
4.3.0 Preliner inversion ...................................................................................... 34
4.3.1 Inverting a preliner with the BRAWO® inversion drum .......................... 34
4.3.2 Inverting a preliner with the BRAWO® tripod ......................................... 36
4.4.0 Trimming, sealing and preparing the calibration hose for inversion .......... 37
4.5.0 Trimming, sealing and preparing the BRAWOLINER® for impregnation .. 42
4.6.0 BRAWOLINER® impregnation .................................................................. 44
4.7.0 BRAWOLINER® end sealing .................................................................... 46
4.7.1 "Closed end" DN 50-70 .......................................................................... 46
4.7.2 "Closed end" DN 100-250 ...................................................................... 48
4.7.3 "Closed end" DN 300-400 ...................................................................... 50
BRAWO® SYSTEMS - KOB GmbH · Blechhammerweg 13-17 · 67659 Kaiserslautern · Germany
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4.7.4 "Open end" ............................................................................................ 53
4.7.5 "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER®" DN 50- 250 ................... 55
4.7.6 "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER®" DN 300- 400 ................. 57
4.8.0 BRAWOLINER® inverting ......................................................................... 59
4.8.1 Inversion of the BRAWOLINER® with the BRAWO® inversion drum .... 59
4.8.2 Inversion of the BRAWOLINER® with the BRAWO® tripod .................. 65
4.9.0 Inverting the calibration hose .................................................................... 69
4.9.1 Inverting the calibration hose with the BRAWO® inversion drum .......... 69
4.9.2 Inverting the calibration hose with the BRAWO® tripod ......................... 73
4.10.0 Warm curing (water) ................................................................................. 76
4.11.0 Warm curing (steam) ................................................................................ 85
5.0.0 Maintenance and servicing .................................................. 94
6.0.0 Troubleshooting ................................................................... 95
7.0.0 Important information about reaction resins ..................... 96
7.1.0 What are reaction resins? ......................................................................... 96
7.2.0 Influence of temperature on the pot life ..................................................... 96
7.3.0 Processing instructions ............................................................................. 97
7.4.0 Influence of the curing temperature on the resin properties ...................... 99
7.5.0 BRAWOLINER® resin consumption ....................................................... 100
8.0.0 Installation protocol ............................................................102
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1.0.0 Introduction
These process instructions, and the operating and maintenance manuals for the
machines and devices used, must be available to the operators/maintenance
personnel at all times. They contain important information on securely and correctly
implementing the inversion process.
The goals of these process instructions are:
• Learning about the inversion process
• Correctly using the inversion equipment
• Correctly installing the BRAWOLINER®
Compliance is a guarantee for:
• The safety of the operating personnel
• The avoidance of hazardous states (work accidents)
• The correct operation of the inversion equipment
KOB is not liable for operating errors or damage arising from non-compliance with
these process instructions.
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2.0.0 Safety - Accident prevention
2.1.0 Warning notices and special information
The following nomenclature is used for safety instructions and information in these process
instructions.
DANGER!
Denotes an immediate threat of danger. Failure
to observe this information can lead to death or
extremely serious injuries.
WARNING!
Denotes a possibly dangerous situation. Failure
to observe this information could lead to severe
injuries.
CAUTION!
Denotes a possibly dangerous situation. Failure
to observe this information could lead to slight
injuries.
ATTENTION!
Special information for rules and prohibitions to
prevent damage.
NOTE!
Special information regarding economic
operation and important additional information.
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2.2.0 Intended use
• The BRAWO® inversion drum / BRAWO® tripod is exclusively designed for
inverting the BRAWOLINER® with a nominal diameter (unexpanded) of DN 50
(2 inch) to DN 300 (12 inch). Any other use over and above this will be deemed
as improper use. The manufacturer/supplier is not liable for any damage
resulting therefrom. The user is fully responsible for the risk.
• The intended use also includes compliance with inspection and maintenance
conditions, as well as compliance with the safety instructions set out in these
process instructions.
• The inversion process may only be implemented by appropriately trained and
authorised persons, and the equipment may only be operated, maintained and
repaired by these persons.
• Defective parts should always be replaced with original KOB parts. Only this
ensures the correct operation of the machine/system.
ATTENTION!
Incorrect operation or misuse will result in
danger for:
• life and limb
• property
• the efficient work of the machine
2.3.0 Improper use
No improper use is known.
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2.4.0 Sources of danger - Accident prevention
2.4.1 Residual risks
The machines and devices used in the inversion process are built to the current state-
of-the-art and comply with accepted safety standards. Compliance with applicable
health and safety at work and accident prevention regulations is assumed.
Nevertheless, there are the following residual risks involved when working with the:
• BRAWO® inversion drum
CAUTION!
DANGER OF CRUSHING!
Wear safety gloves in the vicinity of the
hand wheel.
In an emergency situation, release the
pressure: open the "Release pressure" ball
valve Pos. 05 – the system pressure is
vented.
05
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• BRAWO® tripod
DANGER!
• DANGER OF SCALDING
due to hot water
• DANGER OF TIPPING!
Always ensure the BRAWO® tripod is
standing securely.
• DANGER OF FALLING
when working on scaffolding or ladders
• Epoxy resin
DANGER!
GHS 05
GHS 07
GHS 09
• Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
• Causes skin irritation.
• Harmful in contact with skin.
• Can cause an allergic skin reaction.
• Causes serious eye irritation.
• Harmful if swallowed.
• Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Always use safety goggles and safety gloves.
Do not eat, drink or smoke during work.
Do not inhale
dust/smoke/fumes/mist/vapour/aerosols.
Ensure good ventilation during mixing.
Comply with current safety data sheets
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• BRAWO® HotBox
DANGER!
• DANGER OF POISONING DUE TO EXHAUST
FUMES!
Erect the BRAWO® Hotbox outdoors or
provide suitable discharge of the exhaust
fumes to the outdoors.
• DANGER OF FIRE!
Never cover the exhaust fumes chimney.
CAUTION!
DANGER OF BURNS
due to hot parts.
• BRAWO® SteamUnit
DANGER!
• DANGER OF POISONING DUE TO EXHAUST
FUMES!
Erect the BRAWO® SteamUnit outdoors or
provide suitable discharge of the exhaust
fumes to the outdoors.
• DANGER OF FIRE!
Do not cover hot parts, never cover the
exhaust fumes chimney.
WARNING!
• DANGER OF SCALDING
due to hot water or steam.
CAUTION!
• DANGER OF BURNS
due to hot parts.
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WARNING!
• Staying in the shaft during installation and
curing of the liner must be avoided as a matter
of principle. Especially in the case of warm
curing, there is a risk of injury, especially
scalding, in the event of a burst.
2.4.2 Personal protective equipment
When using the:
• BRAWO® inversion drum
ATTENTION!
DANGER OF CRUSHING!
Use protective gloves.
• Epoxy resin
ATTENTION!
CAUSTIC EFFECT / HEALTH HAZARD!
• Face protection
• or tightly sealing safety goggles
• Protective clothing
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• Use safety gloves made of nitrile or butyl
rubber.
An overview/list of suitable safety gloves can be found at:
www.bgbau.de/gisbau/fachthemen/epoxi/expotab.html
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• Piston compressor
ATTENTION!
HIGH LEVEL OF SOUND!
Severe hearing damage possible. Wear ear
protection.
• BRAWO® SteamUnit
ATTENTION!
DANGER OF BURNS AND SCALDING!
• Face protection
• or tightly sealing safety goggles
• Use protective gloves
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2.4.3 First-aid measures (epoxy resin)
• General information:
Epoxy resins can cause skin burns and skin allergies. Contact with skin must
therefore be avoided.
Remove clothing contaminated with product immediately. Symptoms of poisoning
can occur after many hours, therefore medical monitoring should continue for at
least 48 hours after an accident.
• After inhalation:
Provide plenty of fresh air and call a doctor as a precaution. If unconscious, place
and transport person in the recovery position.
• After skin contact:
Wash off immediately with water and soap, rinse thoroughly.
Do not use diluting agents or solvents to clean the skin.
Call a doctor if there is large surface skin contact, skin reddening or itching.
• After eye contact:
Keeping eyelids apart, rinse eyes under flowing water for several minutes or use
an eye flushing solution.
Always call an eye specialist!
• After swallowing:
Call a doctor immediately. Rinse the mouth with water. Drink copious water in small
sips and provide fresh air. Do not induce vomiting!
For further information, refer to the safety data sheets of the BRAWO® resins in the
Appendix from Page 102 onwards and the BG best practice guide for dealing with
epoxy resins. www.bgbau.de/gisbau/fachthemen/epoxi/downloads/Leitfaden.pdf
In urgent cases, contact the poison control centre at the Mainz
University Medical Centre:
National poison emergency number:
06131 19240
International poison emergency number:
(+49) 6131 19240
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2.4.4 Safety equipment
ATTENTION!
• Operation without intact safety equipment is
not permitted.
• Never modify, disable or remove safety
equipment.
• It is not permitted to operate the BRAWO®
inversion drum if technical faults are present.
• Vent pressure and disconnect all auxiliary
devices from the BRAWO® inversion drum
before any maintenance, repair or service
work.
As a safety device, a safety valve (Pos. 12) is mounted on the BRAWO® inversion
drum. This opens at 0.9 bar. In an emergency situation, release the pressure: open the
"Release pressure" ball valve Pos. 05 – the system pressure is vented.
12
05
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2.5.0 Operators' workplace and qualifications
The operator workplaces are defined in the respective operating instructions for the
different machines and devices.
The operator is responsible for using operating personnel who have been made
familiar by KOB with the BRAWOLINER®, the materials to be used and the
corresponding installation equipment. This instruction is confirmed by a certificate
issued personally to each participant. Only these specially trained personnel may be
used to operate the inversion process.
2.6.0 Noise emission
The A-assessed equivalent continuous sound pressure levels of the BRAWO®
inversion drum, BRAWO® impregnation system, BRAWO® vacuum pump,
BRAWO® Hotbox, BRAWO® SteamUnit and circulation pump are below 70 dB(A).
Values of over 85 dB(A) can be reached if a piston compressor is used. Set up the
piston compressor outdoors. If the piston compressor needs to be set up close to the
operating personnel due to the installation requirements, the user must wear ear
protection.
Values of over 85 dB(A) can also be reached here if gaseous media escapes from
openings. Operating personnel in the direct vicinity must wear ear protection.
ATTENTION!
HIGH LEVEL OF SOUND!
Severe hearing damage possible. Use
hearing protection.
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3.0.0 Installation process - Process description
This chapter provides general information about the BRAWOLINER® rehabilitation
process and provides the user with necessary background information.
3.1.0 Application area
The BRAWOLINER® system is intended for "trenchless" rehabilitation of house
connection pipes and the non-destructive rehabilitation of downpipes and connection
pipes inside buildings. Ducts and pipes in the dimensions of DN 50 to DN 400, with
bends and changes in dimension, can be rehabilitated.
3.2.0 Brief description of the BRAWOLINER®
inversion process
The installation process is approved by the German Institute for Structural Engineering
(DIBt).
DIBt approval No.: Z-42.3-362 (DN100 - DN250) (House connection pipes)
DIBt approval No.: Z-42.3-499 (DN50 - DN200) (Rehabilitation within the
building structure)
The damaged pipes must be appropriately prepared (cleaned, etc.) before inversion
takes place. The BRAWOLINER® is soaked with epoxy resin. The resin is distributed
uniformly over the entire hose length using the BRAWO® impregnation system.
• Installation with the BRAWO® inversion drum (compressed air)
The pretreated BRAWOLINER® is inserted into the inversion drum and inverted
by means of compressed air into the damaged pipe.
• Installation with the BRAWO® tripod (water gravity)
The pretreated BRAWOLINER® is inserted into the BRAWO® tripod and inverted
by means of hydrostatic pressure into the damaged pipe.
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The BRAWOLINER® thereby lines the existing pipe wall. The curing times of the epoxy
resins depend on the ambient temperature and can fluctuate greatly. See also Chapter
7.0.0 -> "Important information about reaction resins" on Page 96.
Very short and constant curing times can be achieved with the use of our optionally
available hot water heating system (BRAWO® Hotbox) or steam heating system
(BRAWO® SteamUnit).
The rehabilitated section should be checked with a camera after curing is complete.
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3.3.0 Schematic process plan
The above decision matrix provides an overview of all possible BRAWOLINER®
rehabilitation variants.
The following sub-chapters look in more detail at the contents of the individual steps
and help in the selection of the most suitable variant in individual cases.
3.3.1 Rehabilitation case
If rehabilitation is possible with a hose liner, the following information is required for
rehabilitation planning. This should be determined, e.g. with a camera inspection after
the pipe has been cleaned.
• Location of pipes (underground / in building)
• Old pipe material
• Maximum temperature load of the pipe
• Increased chemical loading of the pipe? (industry)
• Damage (large wall disruptions present / possibly static function of liner
required?)
• Pipe length
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• Nominal diameter
• Changes in nominal diameter
• Pipe routing / bends
• Number / approximate position of inlets
• Access options (one side / both sides?)
• Height difference between start and end of rehabilitation section.
3.3.2 Rehabilitation system
The BRAWOLINER® process can basically be divided into two areas:
1. BRAWOLINER® system
The BRAWOLINER® system enables the rehabilitation of underground damaged
waste water pipes outside or under buildings.
DIBt approval number: Z-42.3-362
2. BRAWOLINER® HT system
The BRAWOLINER® HT system is used to rehabilitate damaged waste water pipes
(waste water, rain, connection and collecting pipes) inside the building structure.
DIBt approval number: Z-42.3-499
ATTENTION!
Waste water pipes with pipe penetration seals
that foam up in case of fire (e.g. pipe cuffs) may
not be rehabilitated. The specifications in the
directive on fire protection requirements
pertaining to conduits for the respective federal
states must be taken into account.
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Requirements for waste water pipes inside buildings require the application of the
rehabilitation system BRAWOLINER® HT.
3.3.3 Preliner
NOTE!
• In order to prevent resin leaking into the soil, it
is possible to insert a preliner before the
rehabilitation.
• The use of a preliner is not recommended when
renovating downpipes as it cannot bond to the
old pipe.
The preliner is inverted with an open end and allowed to collapse. The start of the
preliner is fixed to the old pipe and the BRAWOLINER® is then inverted into the
preliner.
For more information about the installation process, see Chapter 4.3.0 -> "Preliner
inversion" on Page 34.
NOTE!
The differences in the rehabilitation systems are
solely in the materials used and, if applicable, in
the curing process.
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3.3.4 Resin types
The following resins can be selected according to requirements:
Resin types and application area
BRAWO® Resin type
Und
erg
rou
nd p
ipe
s
In
do
or
pip
es
Con
ne
ctin
g p
ipe
s
Pipe length
Pro
ce
ssin
g t
ime
so
aked
lin
er
Curin
g d
ura
tio
n
Cold
cu
rin
g
Curin
g d
ura
tio
n
Wa
rm c
urin
g 5
0°C
Curin
g d
ura
tio
n
Wa
rm c
urin
g 7
0°C
Le
ss th
an
5 m
Le
ss th
an
15
m
Mo
re t
ha
n 1
5 m
BRAWO® RR X X (X) 30 min at 15°C
6 h at 10°C
75 min -
BRAWO® I X X X X (X) 50 min at 15°C
13 h at 10°C
100 min 45 min
**)
BRAWO® III X X X X X 3.5 h
at 15°C 24 h
at 10°C 220 min
140 min **)
BRAWO AC*) X X X X (X) 2-2,5 h
bei 15°C
24 h bei 10°C
220 min.
140 min.
BRAWO TC*) X X 8 h bei 15°C
- - 300 min.
BRAWO® HT X X X X X 70 min at 20°C
18 h at 15°C
140 min 80 min
**)
*) Only suitable for BRAWOLINER 3D DN 300-400
**) Only in conjunction with BRAWOLINER® HT or with a suitable calibration hose
(X) Limited processing time! Recommended only for favourable conditions
NOTE!
• Every BRAWO® resin is compatible with
every BRAWOLINER®!
• Mixing ratio BRAWO® RR / I / III:
3:1 (mass fraction of components A:B)
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• Mixing ratio BRAWO® HT:
5:1 (mass fraction of components A:B)
• Mixing ratio BRAWO® TC:
100:42 (mass fraction components A:B)
• Excessive reaction temperatures must be
avoided (exothermic).
The processing instructions, required resin quantities and roller spacing can be found
in Chapter 7.0.0 -> "Important information about reaction resins" from Page 96
onwards.
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3.3.5 Liner types
Depending on the rehabilitation case, the rehabilitation system must meet different
requirements. These can be met with the following liner types.
*) When using a suitable calibration hose
BR
AW
OL
INE
R
Lin
er
typ
e
Lin
er-
nam
e
Underg
round
pip
es
Build
ing
pip
es
Ste
am
curing
Ø 5
0
Ø 7
0
Ø 8
0
Ø 1
00
Ø 1
20
Ø 1
50
Ø 1
75
Ø 2
00
Ø 2
25
Ø 2
50
Ø 3
00
Ø 3
50
Ø 4
00
BR
AW
OL
INE
R® DN 50 X X *) X X
DN 70/80 X X *) X X
DN 100 X X *) X X
DN 125 X X *) X X
DN 150 X X *) X X
DN 200 X X *) X X X
XT
DN 100 X X *) X X
DN 125 X X *) X X
DN 150 X X *) X X
DN 200 X X *) X X X
3D
DN 70-100 X X *) X X X
DN 100-150 X X *) X X X
DN 150-225 X X *) X X X X
DN 300-400 X X X X X
BR
AW
OL
INE
R®
HT
DN 50 X X X X X
DN 70/80 X X X X X
DN 100 X X X X X
DN 125 X X X X X
DN 150 X X X X X
DN 200 X X X X X X
HT
XT
DN 100 X X X X X
DN 125 X X X X X
DN 150 X X X X X
DN 200 X X X X X X
HT
3D
DN 70-100 X X X X X X
DN 100-150 X X X X X X
DN 150-225 X X X X X X X
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The following installation and curing pressures are recommended for the various liner types:
BRAWOLINER Liner type
inversion pressure (bar)
curing pressure (bar)
curing pressure with calibration hose (bar)
BRAWOLINER®/ XT / HT / XT HT
0.2-0.3 0.3-0.4 0.3-0.4
BRAWOLINER® 3D / HT 3D (DN 70-225)
0.2-0.3 0.3-0.4 min. 0.4
BRAWOLINER® 3D DN 300-400
0.1 0.1-0.2 approx. 0.2
NOTE!
The values given in the table are
recommendations; the geometry and course of
the rehabilitation section may require other
pressures. Please also refer to the notes on
Page 91.
• When curing in the largest dimension,
especially with BRAWOLINER® 3D, care must be
taken to ensure that the liner is in contact with the
pipe wall.
• When curing with water, the height
differences between the start and finish points
must be taken into account.
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3.3.6 Installation variants
There are 4 variants for completing the ends of the BRAWOLINER® and the calibration
hose, dependent on the accessibility of the liner end and the curing type.
• For hot water curing, an additional hose is required (Ø approx. 20 mm, GEKA
coupling on one end, water outlet to BRAWOLINER® end) for circulation.
• For steam curing, the BRAWOLINER® or calibration hose must be fitted with a
BRAWO® steam sleeve to enable a flow through and drain any condensate.
For detailed instructions on implementing the knots and inclusion of the
BRAWO® steam sleeve, refer to Chapter 4.7.0 -> "BRAWOLINER® end sealing"
from Page 46 onwards.
3.3.6.1 Calibration hose
The calibration hose is a PVC-coated textile hose that can be inverted in the
BRAWOLINER® after the latter has been inverted. It helps to set up the liner during
installation with an open end.
It can also be used as additional protection for the liner foil during steam curing. A
temperature-resistant calibration hose must be used for warm curing.
For more information about the installation process, see Chapter 4.9.1 -> "Inverting
the calibration hose with the BRAWO® inversion drum" from Page 69 onwards.
For more detailed information regarding the calibration hose types, refer to the data
sheets in the Appendix from Page 102 onwards.
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3.3.6.2 Installation variant "Closed end"
For applications where:
• BRAWOLINER® end is accessible
• BRAWOLINER® end is not accessible, milling robot required
• Cold curing or warm curing with water
This is the most common inversion method. No additional work is necessary to
maintain the contact pressure in the pipe. The end of the BRAWOLINER® is opened
with a suitable tool after the resin is cured.
Setup type:
"Closed end" BRAWOLINER®
Calibration hose not required
Fasten retaining cord (+ hose for warm curing) to BRAWOLINER® end
3.3.6.3 Installation variant "Open end"
For applications where:
• BRAWOLINER® end is not accessible
• Cold curing or warm curing with water
This variant is used when there is no possibility of opening the end of the
BRAWOLINER® after rehabilitation. This variant is more complex in implementation
as, after inversion of the BRAWOLINER®, a calibration hose must also be inverted to
maintain the contact pressure in the pipe.
Setup type:
"Open end" BRAWOLINER®
"Closed end" calibration hose
Fasten retaining cord (+ hose for warm curing) to calibration hose end
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3.3.6.4 Installation variant "BRAWO® steam sleeve in the
BRAWOLINER® HT"
For applications when:
• BRAWOLINER® end is accessible
• Warm curing with steam
This variant can be used in warm curing with steam if it is possible to open the end.
The BRAWO® steam sleeve is fastened in the end of the BRAWOLINER® HT so that
steam and condensate can escape. A constant volume flow is necessary to maintain
the contact pressure in the pipe.
Setup type:
"BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER® HT"
Calibration hose not required
Fasten retaining cord to BRAWOLINER® HT end
3.3.6.5 Installation variant "Open end BRAWOLINER® / BRAWO®
steam sleeve in calibration hose"
For applications when:
• BRAWOLINER® end is not accessible
• Warm curing with steam
This variant can be used when warm curing with steam if it is not possible to open the
end. This variant is more complex in implementation as, after inversion of the
BRAWOLINER®, a calibration hose must also be inverted to maintain the contact
pressure in the pipe. The BRAWO® steam sleeve is fastened in the end of the
calibration hose so that steam and condensate can escape. A constant volume flow is
necessary to maintain the contact pressure in the pipe.
Setup type:
"Open end" BRAWOLINER®
BRAWO® steam sleeve in calibration hose end
Fasten retaining cord to calibration hose end
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3.3.7 Necessary installation equipment
Necessary equipment:
1. Compressor (min. 1300 l/min for steam curing)
2. Power generator (approx. 3 kW), alternatively mains supply 230 V
3. Cordless screwdriver
4. Inspection camera
Always required:
1. BRAWOLINER® / BRAWOLINER® HT
2. BRAWO® resins
3. Stirrer (e.g. BEBA mixer – double-shaft)
4. Vacuum pump
5. Fabric adhesive tape
6. BRAWO® impregnation system (electric or manual)
7. BRAWO® inversion drum (compressed air) or BRAWO® tripod (water column)
8. Climate chamber for temperature control of resins
9. BRAWO® curing units (when using heat-cured resins, e.g. BRAWO® TC)
Optionally required:
1. Preliner
2. Calibration hose
3. BRAWO® resin mixing system
4. Connection cuffs
5. BRAWO® curing units (e.g. HotBox, SteamBox, SteamUnit)
6. BRAWO® VortexCutter
7. BRAWO® DocuBox
8. Milling robot (e.g. IMS Micro)
9. BRAWO® rehabilitation trailer or small transporter to hold all accessories
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Equipment and consumables required for rehabilitation can be ordered from KOB,
starting from individual components all the way up to complete packages (customised
rehabilitation vehicle).
Further information can be found at: www.brawoliner.com
3.3.8 Curing process
The resin is cured through a chemical reaction between Component A and Component
B, starting when the components are mixed. The resin temperature can be used to
influence the time span for the curing process. For more information, see
Chapter 7.0.0 -> "Important information about reaction resins" on Page 96.
Three curing methods are available for selection:
1. Curing at ambient temperature ("cold curing")
During curing at ambient temperature, the inverted BRAWOLINER® remains
pressurised until it is fully cured. No additional heat is added.
2. Hot water curing (according to certification mark S27.1)
In case of hot water curing, the hot water heating system BRAWO® Hotbox is used.
The liner is fully filled with water that is circulated and heated in the BRAWO® Hotbox
by means of a circulation pump. The curing duration is significantly reduced by the
added heat.
3. Steam curing (according to certification mark S27.2)
The BRAWO® SteamUnit is used for steam curing. Use is only recommended when
using BRAWOLINER® with an additional calibration hose or BRAWOLINER® HT. A
steam-air mixture is passed through the inverted liner. This curing method is used
when the height difference between the start and end of a pipe is over 4 metres and
the use of water as a heat carrier is no longer possible.
A guideline on hot water and steam curing can be found in Chapter 4.10.0 -> "Warm
curing" from Page 76 onwards
and in Chapter 4.11.0 -> "Warm curing (steam)" from Page 85 onwards.
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4.0.0 Installation process - Guideline
This process instruction covers the BRAWOLINER® process for house connection
rehabilitation processes (BRAWOLINER® system) and for in-house rehabilitation
processes (BRAWOLINER® HT system).
The installation of the BRAWOLINER® is identical for both systems.
NOTE!
• Chapter 4.0.0 "Installation process - Guideline"
is structured in steps. The sequence listed here
must be followed.
• We recommend that the rehabilitation be
documented. See also Chapter 8.0.0
-> "Installation protocol" on Page 102.
ATTENTION!
• The installation may only be carried out by
specially trained qualified personnel.
• Pay particular attention to Chapter 2.0.0 ->
"Safety - Accident prevention" on Page 5.
• The direction of installation is usually in the
direction of flow (with the drop).
• If there is groundwater present, the installation
pressure must be 0.4 bar above the possible
groundwater pressure.
• Under no circumstances set an installation
pressure > 0.8 bar
• The installation recommendations for inversion
and curing pressure for the individual liner
types on Page 24 must be observed.
• The installation process described below is
based on a normal case. Deviations may occur
due to circumstances on site and must be
recognised by qualified personnel.
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4.1.0 Preparation of the pipe to be rehabilitated
NOTE!
The substrate must be clean and free of loose
parts, dust, oil, fats and any other substances that
could act as separators.
It can be dry or damp. The base must be stable
and have the generally required tear strength of
min. 1.5 N/mm².
1. High pressure cleaning of the pipe to be rehabilitated.
2. Damage recording with inspection camera.
3. Remove all obstacles, e.g. with a milling robot. Protruding obstructions may
damage the BRAWOLINER® during installation.
4. Establish the length of the line to be rehabilitated, record the pipe diameter and, if
possible, calibrate.
5. Measure all inlet pipes. An approximate determination of the position of inlet pipes
in the pipework without differing dimensions is perfectly adequate, since the bulging
of the BRAWOLINER® in these areas can be clearly seen with a camera. When
rehabilitating pipes with differing dimensions, the exact positions of the inlet pipes
should be determined, since here the bulging may be less pronounced.
6. To prevent the possible leakage of resin into the soil, it is possible to install a
preliner prior to the rehabilitation, see Chapter 4.3.0 -> "Preliner inversion" on
Page 34.
7. Ensure that no waste water is introduced during the rehabilitation. If necessary,
block rainwater inlets.
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4.2.0 Establishing operational readiness
BRAWO® inversion drum BRAWO® tripod
1. Place BRAWO® inversion drum in
position. Connect compressed air to
the pressure control valve (Pos. 03).
2. If hot water curing is planned,
remove the side cover panel (GEKA)
and connect the ball valve (Pos. 02).
3. Ensure that all ball valves are closed.
1. Place inversion frame in position,
ensuring there is an adequate water
supply.
Subsequent procedure, see Point
4.
4. Have the inversion pipe, inversion hose and Storz coupling spanner ready to hand.
An inversion pipe with steam inlet or an adapter with steam inlet is required for
steam curing. The compressor (min. 1300 l/min) must be connected via the control
unit to the steam inlet to maintain the internal pressure when the BRAWO® steam
sleeve opening is released.
5. Apply detergent to the inversion pipe and feed in the guide rope (to pull the liner
through later on).
6. The retaining cord and the water hose must be at least the same length as the
BRAWOLINER® being used. Check that the retaining cord and water hose, where
hot water curing is planned, are of sufficient length and lay them out ready for use.
7. Dependent on curing type
02
03
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7.1. Cold curing:
Wind the retaining cord onto the drum axle or have it out ready for BRAWO® tripod
inversion.
7.2. Hot water curing:
Secure the start of the water hose in the drum using the GEKA connector on the
reel. Wind the retaining cord onto the drum axle parallel with the water hose or have
it out ready for BRAWO® tripod inversion. Ensure that the end of the water hose is
secured to the retaining cord.
7.3. Steam curing:
Wind the retaining cord onto the drum axle.
8. Have the appropriate hose clamps, cable ties, adhesive tape and cordless
screwdriver ready to hand.
9. Prepare the transport bath (cold water with some detergent).
10. Set up the power supply.
11. Prepare the BRAWO® resin mixing system or set up the BEBA mixer.
12. Prepare the BRAWO® impregnation system.
13. Prepare the BRAWO® SteamUnit or BRAWO® Hotbox for use.
14. Check that the installation equipment is functional.
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4.3.0 Preliner inversion
4.3.1 Inverting a preliner with the BRAWO® inversion
drum
CAUTION!
DANGER OF CRUSHING!
Wear safety gloves in the vicinity of the hand
wheel.
The required length of the preliner is dependent on the following factors:
1. Wind the preliner with open end onto the drum axle. Do not tie the end of the preliner
to the retaining cord!
2. With the help of the guide rope, pull the start of the preliner through the inversion
connection, inversion hose and the corresponding inversion pipe.
3. Fold the start of the preliner over the inversion pipe and secure with at least two
hose clamps.
4. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
Rehabilitation length + Allowance for securing to the inversion pipe
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5. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then the 1st operator (standing by the
BRAWO® inversion drum) opens the compressed air supply at the pressure control
valve (Pos. 03). Inversion generally takes place at a pressure of approx. 0.2-0.3
bar. Specific local conditions may require different pressures (see ATTENTION! on
Page 7).
6. The inversion speed can be adjusted at the pressure control valve (Pos. 03).
7. The inversion of the preliner is finished when the preliner reaches the end of the
section under rehabilitation (system pressure is released).
8. Close the pressure control valve (Pos. 03).
9. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe and secure the preliner to the manhole.
03
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4.3.2 Inverting a preliner with the BRAWO® tripod
DANGER!
• DANGER OF TIPPING!
Always ensure the BRAWO®
tripod is standing securely.
• DANGER OF FALLING when working on
scaffolding or ladders.
The required length of the preliner is dependent on the following factors:
1. Do not tie the end of the preliner to the retaining cord!
2. With the help of the guide rope, pull the start of the preliner through the inversion
hose and the corresponding inversion pipe.
3. Fold the start of the preliner over the inversion pipe and secure with at least two
hose clamps.
4. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
5. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then the 1st operator starts to fill the
inversion hose with water. Inversion generally occurs with a water column of 2–3 m
(≈ 0.2–0.3 bar).
6. The inversion speed can be controlled by the volume of water fed in.
7. Inversion is complete when the preliner reaches the end of the section under
rehabilitation and opens up. The water escapes and the preliner collapses.
8. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe and secure the preliner to the
manhole.
NOTE!
Installation will only occur in the direction of flow!
Rehabilitation length + Allowance for securing to the inversion pipe
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4.4.0 Trimming, sealing and preparing the
calibration hose for inversion
ATTENTION!
Only necessary if using the installation option
"Open end" or "Open end with BRAWO® steam
sleeve".
The required length of the calibration hose is dependent on the following factors:
Rehabilitation length
+ Allowance for securing to the inversion pipe
+ Approx. 40 cm (15 cm if using BRAWO® steam sleeve)
for closing the calibration hose
+ Approx. 50 cm safety allowance
= Length of the calibration hose
NOTE!
The calibration hose must always be somewhat
longer than the BRAWOLINER®. Other
allowances may be necessary depending on the
installation site. However, if the calibration hose
extends unprotected too far over the end of the
pipe, there is a risk of bursting!
1. Cut to length
2. Seal the end of the calibration hose (dependent on curing method):
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2.1. Curing at ambient temperature or hot water curing (variant "Open end
BRAWOLINER®")
Seal the end of the calibration hose so that it is air and pressure tight:
a) Fold the end of the calibration hose
lengthwise.
b) Clamp the folded piece loosely with
at least three hose clamps. Bind the
retaining cord and calibration hose
together with a loop.
c) Pull the hose clamps over the
folded part of the calibration hose.
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Wind the sealed calibration hose, looped together with the retaining cord, onto the
drum axle over the retaining cord. For inversion using the BRAWO® tripod, lay out
the calibration hose ready for use.
Continue with Point 3.
d) Tighten the hose clamps evenly
and tightly.
e) To avoid damage, tape over the
hose clamps.
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2.2. Steam curing (variant "Open end BRAWOLINER® / BRAWO® steam sleeve in
calibration hose")
Fasten the BRAWO® steam sleeve in the end of the calibration hose. While doing
so, ensure that the condensation tube lies externally.
a) Knot the end of the retaining cord
and lay it out ready for use.
b) Place the BRAWO® steam sleeve
in the calibration hose and fold this
around it in an ‘S’ shape.
c) Clamp the folded section with cable
ties, binding in the retaining cord.
Ensure that the cable ties lie in the
grooves of the BRAWO® steam
sleeve.
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ATTENTION!
It is essential to ensure that the calibration
hose, the adhesive tape and the end of the
retaining cord do not protrude from the
sleeve. A projection > 1 mm must be cut off
flush with the end of the sleeve, otherwise the
bore in the sleeve may become blocked.
Wind the sealed calibration hose, looped together with the retaining cord, onto the
drum axle over the retaining cord.
3. Fasten the start of the calibration hose to the drum axle with adhesive tape. The
BRAWOLINER® is then wound around it.
d) Tighten the cable ties evenly and
tightly, and cut them off as short as
possible. To avoid damage, tape
over the cable ties.
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4.5.0 Trimming, sealing and preparing the
BRAWOLINER® for impregnation
The required length of the BRAWOLINER® is dependent on the selected installation
method:
"Open end" (cold water, hot water or steam curing):
Rehabilitation length
+ Allowance for securing to the inversion pipe
+ Approx. 20 cm extra for the vacuum exhauster (cut off
after impregnation)
= Length of the BRAWOLINER®
"Closed end" (cold water, hot water or steam curing):
Rehabilitation length
+ Allowance for securing to the inversion pipe
+ Approx. 40 cm for sealing (alternatively, 15 cm to bind in
the BRAWO® steam sleeve)
= Length of the BRAWOLINER®
NOTE!
The BRAWOLINER® is a flexible liner. If the
inversion pressure is too high, the material may
stretch.
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1. Lay out the BRAWOLINER® without creases.
2. Cut the BRAWOLINER® to length.
3. Set the correct distance on the impregnation rollers (see Chapter Fehler!
Verweisquelle konnte nicht gefunden werden. -> "Fehler! Verweisquelle
konnte nicht gefunden werden." on Page Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert.) and
lay out the BRAWOLINER® on the BRAWO® impregnation system. The printed
arrow must always point from the roller belt towards the impregnation roller.
4. Fold back a rim at the start of the
BRAWOLINER® (will be used later for
securing to the inversion pipe). The printed
arrow must always point from the roller belt
towards the folded rim.
5. Seal the end of the BRAWOLINER® airtight
with adhesive tape.
6. Make a cut at the end of the BRAWOLINER®
approx. 1-2 cm long in the outer film.
7. Place the suction cup of the vacuum pump
over the cut, fix with adhesive tape if
necessary, and extract the air with
approx. 100-150 mbar negative pressure out
of the BRAWOLINER®.
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4.6.0 BRAWOLINER® impregnation
DANGER! Epoxy resin...
GHS 05
GHS 07
GHS 09
• ...Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
• ...Causes skin irritation.
• ...Is harmful in contact with skin.
• ...Can cause allergic skin reactions.
• ...Causes serious eye irritation.
• ...Is harmful if ingested.
• ...Is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
Always use safety goggles and safety gloves.
Do not eat, drink or smoke during work.
Do not inhale dust/smoke/fumes/mist/
vapour/aerosols. Ensure good ventilation
during mixing.
Comply with current safety data sheets
ATTENTION!
CAUSTIC EFFECT / HEALTH HAZARD!
• Face protection
• Or tightly sealing safety goggles
• Butyl or nitrile safety gloves
• Use protective clothing
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ATTENTION!
The resin starts reacting as soon as the resin
components are mixed. It is essential to work
quickly.
1. Calculate the necessary amount of resin. See also Chapter Fehler! V
erweisquelle konnte nicht gefunden werden. -> "Fehler! Verweisquelle
konnte nicht gefunden werden." on Page Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert..
2. Mix the determined quantities of components A and B in compliance with
Chapter 7.3.0 -> "Processing instructions" on Page 97.
3. Pour the resin into the BRAWOLINER®.
4. Unfold the rim at the filling end again to
prevent possible leakage of the resin.
5. Distribute and work in the resin with the
BRAWO® impregnation system. Generally,
one or two passes through the rollers are
necessary to evenly impregnate the
BRAWOLINER®.
6. Check the length of the BRAWOLINER® if
necessary.
7. The impregnated BRAWOLINER® is brought
to the BRAWO® inversion drum in the
transport bath.
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4.7.0 BRAWOLINER® end sealing
4.7.1 "Closed end" DN 50-70
It is important to create the slimmest, most flexible liner end possible, especially for the
installation of the BRAWOLINER® DN 50 and DN 70.
a) Seal the BRAWOLINER®
airtight with adhesive tape, knot
the end of the retaining cord and
lay it on the BRAWOLINER®.
b) Fold the BRAWOLINER®
around the retaining cord.
c) Protect the BRAWOLINER®
before and after the inserted
knot with adhesive tape against
damage. Firmly secure the
BRAWOLINER® on the
adhesive strips with cable ties so
that the knot cannot slip out.
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d) To avoid damage, tape over the
cable ties.
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4.7.2 "Closed end" DN 100-250
a) Seal the end of the
BRAWOLINER® airtight.
b) Fold the BRAWOLINER®
lengthways and wind up with
adhesive tape.
c) Bind the retaining cord and
BRAWOLINER® together with a
loop. Firmly secure the loop with
cable ties.
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d) Cut the protruding ends of the cable
ties off as short as possible and
tape over them to prevent damage.
e) Completed knot
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4.7.3 "Closed end" DN 300-400
a) Fold the BRAWOLINER®
lengthways by half in one
direction.
b) Fold the other side of the
BRAWOLINER® to form an "S".
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c) Fix the "S" in place with fabric
adhesive tape, then wrap a piece
approx. 37 cm long tightly with
fabric adhesive tape.
d) Insert a loop into the
BRAWOLINER® (for later
connection to the retaining cord)
and close tightly with hose clips.
e) To prevent damage, mask the
hose clips with fabric adhesive
tape until no sharp edges can be
felt.
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f) Completed knot
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4.7.4 "Open end"
a) Cut off the end of the
BRAWOLINER® at the marked
liner length (rehabilitation length
+ allowance for securing to
inversion pipe). Ensure that the
liner is completely saturated with
resin past the mark.
b) Fold the BRAWOLINER®
lengthwise and pull a rubber
glove over it to prevent leakage
of resin into the BRAWO®
inversion drum.
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c) Secure the glove with an elastic
band. Do not secure with the
retaining cord!
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4.7.5 "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER®"
DN 50- 250
a) Knot the end of the retaining cord
and lay it out ready for use.
b) Place the BRAWO® steam sleeve
in the BRAWOLINER® and fold this
around it in an ‘S’ shape.
c) Clamp the folded section with cable
ties, binding in the retaining cord.
Ensure that the cable ties lie in the
grooves of the BRAWO® steam
sleeve.
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ATTENTION!
It is essential to ensure that the liner, the
adhesive tape and the end of the retaining
cord do not protrude from the sleeve. A
projection > 1 mm must be cut off flush with
the end of the sleeve, otherwise the bore in
the sleeve may become blocked.
d) Tighten the cable ties evenly and
tightly, and cut them off as short as
possible.
e) To avoid damage, tape over the
cable ties.
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4.7.6 "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER®"
DN 300- 400
a) Knot the end of the retaining cord
and lay it out ready for use.
b) Place the BRAWO® steam sleeve
in the middle of the
BRAWOLINER® and fix it laterally
with fabric adhesive tape.
c) Fold the BRAWOLINER® in an S-
shape around the steam sleeve
and wrap it with fabric adhesive
tape.
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ACHTUNG!
. It is essential to ensure that the liner, the
adhesive tape and the end of the retaining
cord do not protrude from the sleeve. A
projection > 1 mm must be cut off flush with
the end of the sleeve, otherwise the bore in the
sleeve may become blocked.
d) Tighten the cable ties evenly and
tightly, and cut them off as short
as possible .
e) To avoid damage, tape over the
cable ties..
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4.8.0 BRAWOLINER® inverting
There are basically two methods available for inverting the BRAWOLINER®:
1. Inversion process with the BRAWO® inversion drum
2. Inversion process with the BRAWO® tripod
Both methods can be further subdivided with the following variants:
a) Installation with closed end
b) Installation with open end
c) Installation with BRAWO® steam sleeve in the BRAWOLINER® (only in the
inversion method with BRAWO® inversion drum and subsequent steam
curing.)
To accelerate the curing process, variants a) and b) can optionally be followed by hot
water curing.
Accelerated curing with steam can be implemented when using the BRAWO®
inversion drum with the BRAWO® steam sleeve fitted at the end.
4.8.1 Inversion of the BRAWOLINER® with the
BRAWO® inversion drum
CAUTION!
DANGER OF CRUSHING!
Wear safety gloves in the vicinity of the hand
wheel.
ATTENTION!
• Wet the impregnated BRAWOLINER® during
insertion in the BRAWO® inversion drum again
with a lubricant (e.g. detergent, vegetable oil,
etc.). This increases the sliding properties of
the BRAWOLINER® during inversion.
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• Installation
direction: the
arrow printed on
the liner must
always point
towards the
rehabilitation start
(pipe start).
ATTENTION!
• When installing the BRAWOLINER® 3D with
open end, it is particularly important to apply
sufficient lubricant to the PU film. This prevents
"blocking" of the calibration hose, e.g. if there
are dimension shifts.
• The retaining cord, any hoses and the
calibration hose must already be in the
BRAWO® inversion drum before the
BRAWOLINER® is wound on!
• When using the BRAWO® steam sleeve in the
liner end, ensure that the air supply volume of
the compressor is greater than the volume of
air escaping from the openings!
• Please take note of the installation
recommendations for inversion pressures on
Page 24.
• The BRAWOLINER 3D DN 300-400 in particular
is to be supported when installing outside the
pipe with closed end:
- Between inversion bend and pipe start - At the end of the pipe
e.g. by means of a suitable calibration hose or
support tube (note dimension).
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1. Wind the BRAWOLINER® onto the
drum axle. The arrow on the
surface of the wound liner must
point away from the drum axle
towards the inversion connection.
2. With the help of the guide rope, pull
the start of the BRAWOLINER®
through the inversion connection
and the corresponding inversion
pipe.
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5. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
7. The inversion speed can be adjusted at the pressure control valve (Pos. 03) and at
the BRAWO® inversion drum hand wheel.
3. Fold the start of the
BRAWOLINER® over the inversion
pipe by creating a rim.
4. Protect the rim against damage
with adhesive tape and secure with
at least two hose clamps to the
inversion pipe.
6. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then
the 1st operator opens the compressed air supply
at the pressure control valve (Pos. 03). Inversion
generally takes place at a pressure of approx. 0.2
- 0.3 bar. Specific local conditions may require
different pressures (see ATTENTION! on Page 24
and Page 91).
03
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8. Dependent on installation option:
8.1. Variant "Open end"
Inversion is complete when the BRAWOLINER® has reached the end of the section
under rehabilitation, the rubber ring flies off and the BRAWOLINER® collapses. For
more information about the subsequent process, see Chapter 4.9.1 -> "Inverting
the calibration hose with the BRAWO® inversion drum" from Page 69 onwards.
8.2. Variant "Closed end"
Inversion is complete when the BRAWOLINER®
has reached the end of the section under
rehabilitation. Lock the hand wheel in place with
the knurled knob. If possible, the curing pressure
should be used for orientation depending on the
liner type (see Page 24). Specific local
conditions may require different pressures (see
ATTENTION! on Page 30).
The subsequent procedure is dependent on the
variant:
• Curing at ambient temperature
Comply with data regarding curing times at ambient temperature. Refer to
Chapter 3.3.4 -> "Resin types" on Page 21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 9 onwards on Page
64.
• Hot water curing
See also Chapter 4.10.0 -> "Warm curing (water)" from Page 76 onwards.
8.3. Variant "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER®"
When the end of the rehabilitation section is reached, the BRAWOLINER® releases
the openings in the BRAWO® steam sleeve. A reduction in the inner pressure must
be countered by increasing the air supply volume at the pressure control valve of
the control unit.
See also Chapter 4.11.0-> "Warm curing (steam)" from Page 85 onwards.
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9. The rehabilitation section can be checked under pressure with an inspection
camera.
10. After curing is complete, release the
system pressure (open ball valve Pos.
05).
11. Open the hose clamps on the inversion
pipe.
12. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush with
the old pipe. Smooth out any
unevenness in the base area if
necessary (e.g. with cement mortar).
13. If there is any water in the drum, open ball valve Pos. 07 and drain.
14. Open any sealed inlet pipes with a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
05
07
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4.8.2 Inversion of the BRAWOLINER® with the
BRAWO® tripod
DANGER!
• DANGER OF SCALDING due to hot water
• DANGER OF TIPPING!
Always ensure the equipment is
standing/attached securely.
• DANGER OF FALLING when working on
scaffolding or ladders.
ATTENTION!
• Installation
direction: the
arrow printed on
the liner must
always point
towards the
rehabilitation start
(pipe start)!
• The inversion pressure should be set
according to the liner type in accordance
with the table on Page 24.
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1. Regarding hot water curing, please note:
A sufficiently long water hose is connected to the closed end of the impregnated
BRAWOLINER® (parallel to the retaining cord) in the "Closed end" variant.
In the "Open end" variant, the water hose is connected to the calibration hose and
inverted.
Steam curing in combination with the BRAWO® tripod is only possible to a
certain extent.
2. With the help of the guide rope, pull
the start of the BRAWOLINER®
through the inversion hose and the
corresponding inversion pipe.
3. Fold the start of the
BRAWOLINER® over the inversion
pipe by creating a rim.
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5. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
6. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then the 1st operator starts to fill the
inversion hose with water. Inversion generally occurs with a water column of
2 – 3 m (≙ 0.2 – 0.3 bar). Please take note of the recommendations for each liner
type on Page 24. Special on-site conditions may require different pressures (see
ATTENTION! on Page 91).
7. The inversion speed can be controlled by the volume of water fed in and, where
necessary, with the retaining cord.
8. Dependent on the variant:
8.1. Variant "Open end"
When the BRAWOLINER® is halfway inverted, the end sealed with the rubber glove
must be released. Inversion is complete when the BRAWOLINER® has reached
the end of the rehabilitation section, the rubber ring flies off and the BRAWOLINER®
collapses. For more information about the subsequent process, see Chapter 4.9.2
-> "Inverting the calibration hose with the " from Page 73 onwards.
8.2. Variant "Closed end"
The inversion is complete when the BRAWOLINER® has reached the end of the
section under rehabilitation. Secure the retaining cord to the inversion frame. The
BRAWOLINER® is cured with the recommended pressure for each liner type (see
Page 24). Specific local conditions may require different pressures (see
ATTENTION! on Page 91 and 60).
4. Protect the rim against damage
with adhesive tape and secure with
at least two hose clamps to the
inversion pipe.
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The subsequent procedure is dependent on the variant:
• Curing at ambient temperature:
Comply with data regarding curing times at ambient temperature. Refer to
Chapter 3.3.4 -> "Resin types" on Page 21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 9 onwards on Page
68.
• Hot water curing
See also Chapter 4.10.0 -> "Warm curing" from Page 76 onwards.
9. After curing is complete, drain or pump the water out of the water column.
10. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe.
11. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush with the old pipe. Smooth out any unevenness in
the base area if necessary (e.g. with cement mortar).
12. Open any sealed inlet pipes with a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
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4.9.0 Inverting the calibration hose
There are basically two methods available for inverting the calibration hose:
1. Inversion process with the BRAWO® inversion drum
2. Inversion process with the BRAWO® tripod
To accelerate the curing process, both variants can be followed by hot water curing.
4.9.1 Inverting the calibration hose with the BRAWO®
inversion drum
CAUTION!
DANGER OF CRUSHING!
Wear safety gloves in the vicinity of the hand
wheel.
ATTENTION!
• Holding back the calibration hose too early may
restrict water circulation during hot water
curing.
• The inversion pressures should be set
according to the recommendations on Page 24
and Page 91.
• The technical data for the calibration hoses
used must be observed.
• Especially for nominal diameters > DN 225, the
curing pressure must be limited according to
the specifications.
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1. After the rubber ring has come off
at the end of the "Open end"
inversion process, the
BRAWOLINER® collapses on itself.
2. Close the pressure control valve
(Pos. 03).
3. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe, loosen the BRAWOLINER® and
secure against slipping.
4. Open the inspection window (Pos. 06) and pull the start of the calibration hose with
the guide rope through the inversion connection and the inversion pipe.
5. Fold the start of the calibration hose over the inversion pipe, secure with adhesive
tape and clamp together with the previously inverted BRAWOLINER® using at least
two hose clamps. Seal the inspection window (Pos. 06) airtight.
6. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
7. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then the 1st operator opens the
compressed air supply at the pressure control valve (Pos. 03). Inversion generally
takes place at a pressure of approx. 0.2 - 0.3 bar. Specific local conditions may
require different pressures (see ATTENTION! on Page 24 and 91).
8. The inversion speed can be adjusted at the pressure control valve (Pos. 03) and at
the BRAWO® inversion drum hand wheel.
9. The inversion of the calibration hose is finished when the calibration hose reaches
the end of the section under rehabilitation.
03 06
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ATTENTION!
• Holding back the calibration hose too early may
restrict water circulation during hot water
curing.
• The curing pressures should be set according
to the recommendations on Page 24 and Page
91.
• The technical data for the calibration hoses
used must be observed.
• Especially for nominal diameters > DN 225, the
curing pressure must be limited according to
the specifications.
10. Lock the hand wheel in place with the knurled
knob.
11. The pressure in the rehabilitation section must be maintained at 0.3 - 0.4 bar until
the resin has cured. Specific local conditions may require different pressures (see
ATTENTION! on Page 24).
The subsequent procedure is dependent on the variant:
• Curing at ambient temperature
Comply with data regarding curing times at ambient temperature. Refer to
Chapter 3.3.4 -> "Resin types" on Page 21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 12 on Page 72.
• Hot water curing
See also Chapter 4.10.0 -> "Warm curing" on Page 76.
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12. The rehabilitation section can be checked under pressure with an inspection
camera.
13. After curing is complete, pull the calibration hose under a low pressure (approx.
0.05 bar) out of the BRAWOLINER® by folding it back with the help of the retaining
cord.
14. Vent the system pressure (open
ball valve Pos. 05).
15. Open the hose clamps on the
inversion pipe and remove the
calibration hose.
16. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush
with the old pipe. Smooth out any
unevenness in the base area if
necessary (e.g. with cement
mortar).
17. If there is any water in the drum,
open ball valve Pos. 07 and drain.
18. Open any sealed inlet pipes with
a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
05
07
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4.9.2 Inverting the calibration hose with the BRAWO®
tripod
DANGER!
• DANGER OF SCALDING due to hot water
• DANGER OF TIPPING!
• Always ensure the equipment is
standing/attached securely.
• DANGER OF FALLING when working on
scaffolding or ladders.
ATTENTION!
If liner type BRAWOLINER® 3D (DN70- 225)
has been inverted, the calibration hose must
be thoroughly lubricated (also internally).
Invert the calibration hose slowly and with
increased pressure (according to the table on
page 24). The nominal diameter of the
calibration hose must always correspond at
least to that of the largest pipe diameter in use.
The technical data for the calibration hoses
used must be observed.
Especially for nominal diameters > DN 225, the
curing pressure must be limited according to
the specifications.
1. After the rubber ring has come off at the end of the "Open end" inversion process,
the BRAWOLINER® collapses on itself.
2. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe, loosen the BRAWOLINER® and
secure against slipping.
3. With the help of the guide rope, pull the start of the calibration hose through the
inversion hose and the inversion pipe.
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4. Fold the start of the calibration hose over the inversion pipe, secure with adhesive
tape and clamp together with the previously inverted BRAWOLINER® using at least
two hose clamps.
5. Align the inversion pipe with the pipe to be rehabilitated (2nd operator).
6. The 2nd operator gives the signal to start. Then the 1st operator starts to fill the
inversion hose with water. Normally, inversing takes place with a water column of
2 – 3 m (≙ 0.2 – 0.3 bar). Specific local conditions may mean different pressures
are required (see ATTENTION! on Page 24 and Page 91).
7. The inversion speed can be controlled by the volume of water fed in and with the
retaining cord.
8. The inversion of the calibration hose is finished when the calibration hose reaches
the end of the section under rehabilitation.
ATTENTION!
• Holding back the calibration hose too early may
restrict water circulation during hot water
curing.
• The curing pressures should be set according
to the recommendations on Page 24 and
Page 91.
• The technical data for the calibration hoses
used must be observed.
• Especially for nominal diameters > DN 225, the
curing pressure must be limited according to
the specifications.
9. Secure the retaining cord to the inversion frame.
10. The pressure in the rehabilitation section must be maintained at 3 – 4 m water
column (≙0.3 - 0.4 bar) until the resin has cured. Specific local conditions may
require different pressures (see ATTENTION! on Page 24).
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The subsequent procedure is dependent on the variant:
• Curing at ambient temperature
Comply with data regarding curing times at ambient temperature. Refer to
Chapter 3.3.5 -> "Resin types" on Page 21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 11 on Page 75.
• Hot water curing
See also Chapter 4.10.0 -> "Warm curing (water)" from Page 76 onwards.
11. After curing is complete, pull the calibration hose under a low pressure
(approx. 0.5 m water column ≙ 0.05 bar) out of the BRAWOLINER® by folding it
back with the help of the retaining cord. Where necessary, pump off any increase
in the water column.
12. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe and remove the calibration hose.
13. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush with the old pipe. Smooth out any unevenness in
the base area if necessary (e.g. with cement mortar).
14. Open any sealed inlet pipes with a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
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4.10.0 Warm curing (water)
in combination with certification mark S27.1
DANGER!
• DANGER OF POISONING
DUE TO EXHAUST FUMES!
Erect the BRAWO® Hotbox
outdoors or provide
suitable discharge of the
exhaust fumes to the
outdoors.
• DANGER OF FIRE!
Never cover the exhaust
fumes chimney (Pos. A).
WARNING!
DANGER OF SCALDING
due to hot water or steam.
CAUTION!
Danger of burns on the BRAWO® Hotbox. Parts
may become hot.
ATTENTION!
The necessary preconditions for using the
BRAWO® Hotbox must be observed. The separate
operating and maintenance instructions for the
BRAWO® Hotbox must be complied with.
A
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NOTE!
The BRAWO® Hotbox is an oil-fired heater that
heats the water during circulation.
General preparations:
1. Set up a water supply:
a) From the water tap to the circulation pump (Pos. 40)
b) From the circulation pump (Pos. 41) to the water inlet of the BRAWO® Hotbox
(Pos. 42)
c) From the water outlet of the BRAWO® HotBox (Pos. 43) to the
BRAWO® inversion drum (Pos. 02) or BRAWO® tripod (= Feed).
2. Connect the suction hose with the suction connection (Pos. 44) of the circulation
pump. Use the shortest possible length of hose. Connect the other end of the
suction hose with the ball valve on the drum base (Pos. 07); in the BRAWO® tripod
variant, the end of the suction hose must protrude sufficiently far into the BRAWO®
tripod and must then be secured ( = Return).
40 41
43
48 44
42
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3. The subsequent procedure is dependent on the variant:
• Variant BRAWO® inversion drum
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 4 on Page 78.
• Variant BRAWO® tripod
Ensure that the required fill height is achieved for curing (generally 3 - 4 m).
Close the ball valve (Pos. 40).
The subsequent working procedure is described from Point 8 onwards on Page
79.
4. The rehabilitation section can be checked under pressure with an inspection
camera. The inspection must be completed before water is filled in.
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5. Fill in water: close the ball valve (Pos. 48), open the other ball valve (Pos. 02), open
the water tap and ball valve (Pos. 40) and allow cold water to flow in until the
BRAWO® inversion drum is about a quarter full (water level display Pos. 09). The
system pressure must be monitored during filling (Pos. 03). Please take note of the
varying curing pressures (recommendation on Page 24). Specific local conditions
may require different pressures (see ATTENTION! on Page 91).
6. Once the fill level is reached, close the ball valve (Pos. 40).
7. Open ball valve on drum base (Pos. 07).
8. Open ball valve for circulation (Pos. 48).
9. Ensure that there is no air in the circuit, vent if necessary. Then switch on the
circulation pump.
40 41
43
48 44
05
03
09
07
02
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10. Set the recommended water temperature at the BRAWO® Hotbox (Pos. 45)
regulator.
• Up to 55 C: When using BRAWOLINER®
• Up to 75 C: When using BRAWOLINER® HT and/or temperature-stable
calibration hose
11. Switch on the BRAWO® Hotbox (Pos. 46).
12. The system pressure will increase again while heating. Vent air or water if
necessary. The curing pressure should lie between 0.3 - 0.4 bar ( ≙ 3 – 4 m water
column). Specific local conditions may require different pressures (see
ATTENTION! on Page 16). See also Chapter 2.4.0 -> "Sources of danger -
Accident prevention" on Page 7 . The installation recommendations for inversion
and curing pressure for the individual liner types on Page 60, Page 25 and Page
71 must be observed.
13. The return temperature must be checked (e.g. separate thermometer or BRAWO®
DocuBox). Once the return has reached the recommended temperature, curing
time will begin.
The necessary total heating duration is calculated as follows:
Heating up time
+ Curing time
= Total heating duration
45 47
46
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NOTE!
The burner switches on once:
• The BRAWO® Hotbox is switched on
• Water is circulating
• The water temperature is below the set
temperature
NOTE!
Note data regarding the curing times of BRAWO®
resins for warm curing.
Refer to Chapter 3.3.4 -> "Resin types" on Page
21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
ATTENTION!
CURING TIME:
The curing time only starts once the opposite
end (from the steam inlet) of the BRAWOLINER®
/ BRAWOLINER® HT has reached the
recommended temperature (= heating time).
• BRAWO® I:
Approx. 100 minutes at 50°C Approx. 45 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® III/AC:
Approx. 220 minutes at 50°C Approx. 140 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® HT:
Approx. 140 minutes at 50°C Approx. 80 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® TC:
Approx. 540 minutes at 60°C Approx. 300 minutes at 70°C
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14. Once the curing time has elapsed, check the firmness of the inverted
BRAWOLINER® (on the part that protrudes out of the rehabilitated pipe). If the
BRAWOLINER® can no longer be bent manually, the curing process is complete
and the cooling process can be started.
ATTENTION!
Maintain a constant pressure during cooling.
15. Switch off the BRAWO® Hotbox.
16. Remove the water hose from the water tap at Pos. 40 and connect it to the feed
hose (which was connected to the water outlet of the BRAWO® Hotbox (Pos. 43)).
17. Reposition the return hose:
• Variant BRAWO® inversion drum
Lay a hose from the valve in the drum base (Pos. 07) into the open air
(preferably into a rainwater drain).
40 41
43
48 44
42
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• Variant BRAWO® tripod
Remove the return hose from Pos. 42, add an extension if necessary, then lay
into the open air (preferably into a rainwater drain).
18. Open the water tap and allow cold water to flow until the inversion pipe is cold. The
pressure must remain constant here:
• Variant BRAWO® inversion drum
Regulate it by opening the valve in the drum base (Pos. 07).
• Variant BRAWO® tripod
Pump off the rising water column.
19. Then close the water supply.
20. Vent the system pressure:
• Variant "Closed end" BRAWOLINER®
Open ball valve Pos. 05 if necessary.
Open the BRAWOLINER® at the end of the rehabilitation section, the water will
drain out. Undo and retrieve the water hose.
• Variant "Open end" BRAWOLINER®
o Variant BRAWO® inversion drum
a) Remove water hose from drum axle (Pos. 02).
b) Open the inspection window (Pos. 06).
c) Retrieve the calibration hose and water hose with the hand wheel.
o Variant BRAWO® tripod
a) Pump off the water column to 0.5 m.
b) After curing is complete, pull the calibration hose under a low pressure (approx. 0.5 m water column ≙ 0.05 bar) out of the BRAWOLINER® by folding it back with the help of the retaining cord. Where necessary, pump off any increase in the water column.
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21. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe.
22. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush with the old pipe. Smooth out any unevenness in
the base area if necessary (e.g. with cement mortar).
23. If there is any water in the drum, open ball valve Pos. 07 and drain.
24. Open any sealed inlet pipes with a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
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4.11.0 Warm curing (steam)
in combination with quality seal S27.2
DANGER!
• Comply with the information in the Health and
Safety at Work Act (BetrSichV, formerly the
Ordinance on Steam Boilers)!
• DANGER OF POISONING DUE TO EXHAUST
FUMES!
Erect the BRAWO® SteamUnit outdoors or
provide suitable discharge of the exhaust
fumes to the outdoors.
• DANGER OF FIRE!
Do not cover hot parts, never cover the exhaust
fumes chimney.
• The steam generator may only be operated with
filtered and softened water, which has also had
an oxygen binder added to it!
The use of untreated water will lead to scale
deposits (boiler scale) and corrosion!
Non-compliance can lead to a loss of
function in the safety equipment (pressure
relief valve, water cutout) and bursting of the
steam boiler!
WARNING!
• DANGER OF SCALDING
due to hot water or steam.
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CAUTION!
• DANGER OF BURNS
due to hot parts.
ATTENTION! The necessary preconditions for using the
BRAWO® SteamUnit must be observed. The
separate operating and maintenance
instructions for the BRAWO® SteamUnit must
be complied with.
NOTE!
• The BRAWO® SteamUnit is a heating oil or
diesel-fired high-speed steam generator with a
steam boiler where steam can be buffered.
• The steam generator has a heating time of
approx. 10 - 15 minutes.
• The following steps 1 to 8 should be
implemented before or alongside the inversion
process.
1. Place the steam generator, control unit and, where necessary, the softening
system, on a suitable horizontal surface without danger of tipping and lock the
brakes on the rollers.
2. Set up the hose connections:
a) Drinking water tap -> inlet of softening system (Pos. 50)
b) Outlet of softening system (Pos. 51) -> water inlet of steam generator (Pos. 52)
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c) Steam outlet valve (Pos. 53) -> steam inlet control unit (Pos. 54)
d) Compressor -> air inlet control unit (Pos. 55)
50 51
53
52
57
9 59
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e) Outlet valve control unit (Pos. 56) -> steam inlet on adapter (Pos. 64) or
inversion pipe (Pos. 65).
56
54
55
64
65
61
62
63
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3. Close the boiler drain cock (Pos. 57), open the
steam outlet valve (Pos. 53) (is closed when
the water level in the steam boiler has reached
the target level).
4. Rotate the main switch on the steam generator
to I (Pos. 58), add 250 ml oxygen binder to the
drinking water container (Pos. 59) and
completely fill the steam generator via the
softening system with filtered and
demineralised water (maximum hardness 0.3 °dH).
5. If the message "Tank Low Level" appears, acknowledge it until it disappears by
continually pressing the illuminated green button on the steam generator (Pos. 60
"Start/Stop Cycle"). Briefly press again to start the drinking water pump.
If the drinking water pump stops (filling speed in drinking water tank too slow), fill
the drinking water tank completely and repeat this point.
6. Check and set the target steam temperature at the temperature controller
(recommended 125°C when using the BRAWO® steam sleeve, the value is saved).
60
57
58
9 59
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NOTE!
• The steam temperature and steam boiler
pressure are directly linked.
• In order to mix steam with the flowing air, the
steam pressure must always be higher than the
air pressure set at the regulating unit.
• The steam pressure is increased by increasing
the target temperature value.
• The best curing time results are achieved when
the steam pressure is only slightly higher than
the set air pressure.
7. After the "Boiler Low Level" control lamp goes out, close the steam outlet valve
(Pos. 53) and continuously press the illuminated green button (Pos. 60) to
acknowledge the "Boiler Low Level" message until it disappears. The burner then
starts up automatically and the steam generator now automatically heats up until
the set temperature is reached.
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8. Ensure that the ball valve at the steam inlet on the control unit (Pos. 54) and the
steam control valve (Pos. 61) are closed.
9. When the steam temperature in the steam generator has reached the required
value and the curing acceleration is to start, slowly open the steam outlet valve
(Pos. 53) until it is fully open so that the steam can slowly heat up the pipe. Then
slowly open the ball valve for the steam inlet on the control unit (Pos. 54) until it is
fully open.
10. Dose the volume of steam into the flowing air at the steam control valve (Pos. 61).
NOTE!
• When using the BRAWO® steam sleeve, the
internal pressure of the liner / calibration hose
must be regulated by the quantity of the
incoming steam-air mixture and kept constant
in accordance with the recommendations on
Page 24 and Page 32.
• The temperature of the steam-air mixture must
be regulated to approx. 80°C at the steam inlet
of the inversion equipment.
• The maximum temperature capacity of the old
pipe must be observed!
11. Set the pressure in the BRAWO® inversion drum and the temperature at the steam
inlet to the above-mentioned target values by regulating them at the steam control
valve (Pos. 61) and the air control valve (Pos. 62).
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12. The necessary total heating time is calculated as follows:
Heating up time
+ Curing time
= Total heating time
It is recommended that the actual temperature present between the liner and the old
pipe is measured.
ATTENTION!
HEATING TIME:
Dependent on the length and the ambient
conditions of the rehabilitation section, the
diameter of the inverted BRAWOLINER® HT and
the volume flowing through it.
ATTENTION!
CURING TIME:
The curing time only starts once the opposite end
(from the steam inlet) of the BRAWOLINER® HT
has reached the recommended temperature (=
heating time).
• BRAWO® I: Approx. 100 minutes at 50°C
Approx. 45 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® III/AC:
Approx. 220 minutes at 50°C Approx. 140 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® HT:
Approx. 140 minutes at 50°C
Approx. 80 minutes at 70°C
• BRAWO® TC:
Approx. 540 minutes at 60°C Approx. 300 minutes at 70°C
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13. After the total heating time has elapsed, check the firmness of the inverted
BRAWOLINER® HT (on the part that protrudes out of the rehabilitated pipe). If the
BRAWOLINER® HT can no longer be bent manually, the curing process is
complete and the cooling process can be started.
14. Close the ball valve for the steam inlet on the control unit (Pos. 54), switch off the
steam generator and the steam outlet valve (Pos. 53).
15. The air flow volume (or internal pressure) can be increased for faster cooling at
the pressure control valve (Pos. 62). Do not exceed the maximum internal
pressure of approx. 0.6 bar. The internal pressure can be vented after cooling to
approx. 35°C (after approx. 20 minutes).
16. Dependent on the variant:
• Variant "BRAWO® steam sleeve in BRAWOLINER® HT"
At the end of the rehabilitation section, open the BRAWOLINER® HT,
remove the BRAWO® steam sleeve and retrieve the retaining cord.
• Variant "BRAWO® steam sleeve in the calibration hose"
Pull the calibration hose under a slight pressure (approx. 0.05 bar) out of
the BRAWOLINER® by folding it back.
17. Open the hose clamps on the inversion pipe.
18. Cut the BRAWOLINER® off flush with the old pipe. Smooth out any unevenness in
the base area if necessary (e.g. with cement mortar).
19. Open any sealed inlet pipes with a suitable tool.
- The installation variant you selected is now completed -
NOTE!
Note data regarding the curing times of BRAWO®
resins for warm curing.
Refer to Chapter 3.3.4 -> "Resin types" on Page
21 or the technical data sheets for
BRAWO® resins in the appendix.
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5.0.0 Maintenance and servicing
ATTENTION!
• The data regarding the obligatory maintenance and inspection
intervals can be found in the respective operating and
maintenance instructions of the individual machines and devices.
• Replace any components that are defective or have been
damaged during disassembly.
• Defective parts should always be replaced with original KOB
parts. Only this ensures the correct operation of the
machine/system.
• The maintenance, repair and service work may only be carried out
by authorised specialist personnel.
• Vent pressure and disconnect all auxiliary devices from the
BRAWO® inversion drum before any maintenance, repair or
service work.
• Comply with the applicable health and safety at work and accident
prevention regulations.
• Ensure that operating and auxiliary materials, as well as replaced
parts, are disposed of in a safe and environmentally sound
manner!
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6.0.0 Troubleshooting
This chapter does not assume completeness. It simply lists the most frequent
problems, based on our experience.
Fault Cause Remedy
No pressure builds up
during invertion
Ball valve Pos. 02,
Pos. 05 and/or Pos. 07
is open
Close all ball valves
Pressure loss at the axle Shaft seal defective Replace shaft seal
Water is not circulating
Return ball valve
Pos. 07 is dirty
Clean the ball valve
Pos. 07
Water hose kinked or
twisted
Straighten out any kinks
or twists
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7.0.0 Important information about reaction
resins
The epoxy resin used here is a so-called reaction resin.
7.1.0 What are reaction resins?
Reaction resins usually consist of 2 components and are mixed and processed in a
liquid state at the installation site. They harden in a relatively short time by means of a
chemical reaction.
With the right composition, reaction resins can achieve high mechanical strength and
good resistance against chemicals and climatic influences.
7.2.0 Influence of temperature on the pot life
The chemical reaction (= curing time) starts as soon as the components are mixed.
This is also called the pot life.
The pot lives stated here are values measured under laboratory conditions, calculated
using mixtures weighing 100g.
The chemical reaction (= curing) speeds up relative to the increase in ambient
temperature or weight of the resins being mixed. This means that the theoretical
processing time and curing time is greatly reduced with increasing resin weight.
General rule:
A temperature increase of 10°C halves the pot life.
A temperature decrease of 10°C doubles the pot life.
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7.3.0 Processing instructions
NOTE!
Comply with the technical data sheets of the
resins involved. They can be found in the
Appendix from Page 102 onwards.
Safety regulations must be complied with when working with these resins. See also
Chapter 2.4.0 -> "Sources of danger - Accident prevention" on Page 7.
ATTENTION!
• The mixing proportions must be complied with!
• Any change in the quantity of hardener will not
have an effect on the curing speed, but will lead
to a deterioration of the material properties.
• When using BRAWO® TC, the hardener must be
completely mixed through and then firstly
joined to the trunk.
•
Storage:
Storage must be frost-free; the ideal storage temperatures are between +5°C and
+30°C.
Processing
The processing time for the resin mixtures is influenced by:
• the processing temperature
Warm/cool the components before processing to between +13°C and +15°C.
We recommend storage in a climate-controlled cabinet to achieve the correct
temperature.
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ATTENTION!
Always check and record the resin temperature
before processing.
• The batch size:
Keep the batch size small (do not mix entire containers).
• The mixing time:
The mixing time should be 3 minutes. Work with slow-rotating stirrers, such as
the double-shaft BEBA mixer.
ATTENTION!
• When mixing, scrape the floor and side walls of
the resin container with the stirrer.
• Always make sure that no air is stirred in during
the mixing process.
• The ambient temperature:
Work in the shade if ambient temperatures are high and do not leave any
containers standing in the sun. The temperature in the channel/pipe must also
be taken into account for cold curing.
To determine the required resin quantities, see Chapter Fehler! Verweisquelle konnte
nicht gefunden werden. -> "Fehler! Verweisquelle konnte nicht gefunden werden."
on Page Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert..
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7.4.0 Influence of the curing temperature on the
resin properties
In general, the following applies up to a certain limit:
NOTE!
The hotter an epoxy resin is cured, the better the
achievable mechanical, thermal and chemical
properties are.
This therefore improves E-modulus, creep behaviour, thermal dimensional stability and
chemical resistance.
A subsequent tempering step (heating after the curing process is complete) can also
improve these properties.
ATTENTION!
• Resin build-up - particularly in BRAWO® RR and
BRAWO® I - can lead to extremely high reaction
temperatures in the resin.
• These temperature peaks cannot be dissipated,
especially during steam curing.
• We recommend curing these resins at moderate
temperatures or carrying out the curing with hot
water.
• A curing temperature > 70°C should be avoided.
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7.5.0 BRAWOLINER® resin consumption
BRAWOLINER® / BRAWOLINER® HT
BRAWOLINER® 3D / BRAWOLINER® HT 3D
*) To prevent excessive resin build-up in feeds with smaller nominal diameters (DN40 - DN70), particularly
in downpipes, we recommend impregnating the liner with reduced roller spacing and reduced resin
quantities.
BRAWOLINER® 3D DN 300-400
DN
To achieve a min. 5,1 mm wall thickness
Roller spacing
impregnation system
BRAWO® AC in kg / m
- BRAWO® TC
in kg / m
300-400
15,5 mm 7,1 - 7,5
DN
To achieve a min. 3 mm wall thickness
Reduced wall thickness *) min. 2 mm
Roller spacing
BRAWO® I BRAWO® III
BRAWO® RR in kg / m
BRAWO® HT in kg / m
Roller spacing
BRAWO® HT in kg / m
50 7.0 mm 0.5 0.6 6.0 mm 0.5
70
8.5 mm
0.8 0.9 6.5 mm
0.6
100 1.1 1.3 1.0
125 1.4 1.6
7.0 mm
1.4
150 1.7 2.0 1.7
200 2.3 2.7 2.3
DN
To achieve a min. 3 mm wall thickness
Reduced wall thickness *) min. 2 mm
Roller spacing
BRAWO® I BRAWO® III
BRAWO® RR in kg / m
BRAWO® HT in kg / m
Roller spacing
BRAWO® HT in kg / m
70 – 100 10.0 mm 0.9 1.1 7.0 mm 0.7
100 – 150 12.0 mm
1.5 1.8 10.0 mm
1.4
150 – 200 2.3 2.7 2.2
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BRAWOLINER® XT / BRAWOLINER® HT XT
DN Roller spacing
impregnation system
BRAWO® I BRAWO® III
BRAWO® RR in kg / m
BRAWO® HT in kg / m
100
11.0 mm
1.7 2.0
125 2.0 2.4
150 2.3 2.8
200 3.1 3.7
All data are to be understood as approximate data only and are based on experimentally determined
values. Deviations are possible, dependent upon the ambient conditions.
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8.0.0 Installation protocol
The installation protocol example shown in the appendix is a recommendation on our
part and contains all essential details to be able to track the rehabilitation at a later
point in time.
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