prescription drugs part 1 trends
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PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTSAMONG COLLEGE STUDENTSPrevalence, Trends, and Prevalence, Trends, and MotivesMotives
Rebecca Caldwell & Aimee HouriganRebecca Caldwell & Aimee HouriganUniversity of North Carolina University of North Carolina WilmingtonWilmington
PREVALENCE, PREVALENCE, TRENDS, AND TRENDS, AND MOTIVESMOTIVESSection 1
Identify trends and motives for illicit use of prescription drugs among college students
Describe categories of prescription drugs and their effects when used with alcohol or other drugs
Identify resources for additional information and research
Learning OutcomesLearning Outcomes
TermsTermsIllicit use: not as prescribedNon-medical use: for recreational purposes
Opioid: includes both synthetic and natural opium derivatives
Challenges of statistics and research
TRENDS OF USETRENDS OF USE
National TrendsNational Trends16.2 million Americans age 12 and older
reported nonmedical use of a prescription drug at least once in the past year
6% of adults age 18-25 reported nonmedical use of prescriptions in the past month
14.8% of adults age 18-25 reported nonmedical use of prescriptions in the past year•11.9% used opioid analgesics•5.2% used tranquilizer medication•3.7% used stimulant medication•0.5% used sedative medication
The Ritalin GenerationThe Ritalin GenerationFirst kids to be prescribed Ritalin
are now in collegeImpact of direct-to-consumer
marketing of prescription drugs◦Clearly established connection
between alcohol advertising and use by youth
◦Over $1.5 billion spent on direct-to-consumer television ads for prescription drugs during the first half of 2007
High School TrendsHigh School TrendsPrescription and over the counter
medications were the most commonly abused drugs by high school students after marijuana and alcohol
4% of youth age 12-17 reported nonmedical use of prescriptions in the past month (2003)
Monitoring the Future 2007: 12th graders nonmedical use of prescriptions •21.7% reported lifetime use•15.4% reported past-year use•7.6% reported past-month use
Teen Beliefs about Teen Beliefs about PrescriptionsPrescriptions
Almost 50%: prescription drugs are “much safer” than street drugs.
Almost 33%: prescription painkillers are not addictive.
Parents’ medicine cabinets and/or medicine cabinets in the homes of friends make prescription drugs easy to access.
“Teens are familiar with brand names of a wide variety of medications and accurately describe their effects.”
College TrendsCollege Trends17% of college students reported
lifetime nonmedical use of any prescription drug6% reported barbiturate use7% reported stimulant use8% reported tranquilizer use2% reported opiate use
2004 Monitoring The Future: 10.6% of college men and 6.8% of college
women reported past-year opioid use 6.8% of college men and 3.5% of college
women reported past-year Ritalin use
College TrendsCollege TrendsIn the last year,65% did not use an abusable prescription21% used prescription medication as
prescribed by their doctors7% used both prescription medication as
prescribed by their doctors and an abusable prescription medication that was not prescribed to them
7% used an abusable prescription medication that was not prescribed to them
NIDA: www.drugabuse.gov NIDA Research Report Prescription
Drugs: Abuse and Addiction www.drugabuse.gov/ResearchReports/Prescription/Prescription.html
NIDA Prescription Drugs of Abuse Chart: www.drugabuse.gov/DrugPages/PrescripDrugsChart.html
Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction: www.drugabuse.gov/scienceofaddiction
Medline Plus: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/prescriptiondrugabuse.html
The Network: www.thenetwork.ws
Suggested Suggested ResourcesResources
Thank You!Thank You!
CROSSROADS: UNCW’s Substance Abuse Prevention & Education
Program601 South College Road, Box 5939,
Wilmington, NC 28403-5939http://www.uncw.edu/crossroads
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