preparing to fight what do you need to get ready for war? on the battlefield? on the home front?

Preparing to Fight

What do you need to get ready for war?

On the battlefield?

On the home front?

Preparing to Fight

• Homefront– The American Nation: 689 Propaganda, 693-696– US History 2: 112-114 and 116

• Battlefield– The American Nation: 688-689 trench, 698-702– US History 2: 114-115

Preparing to FightRead through your text and pull out 8 details for each side.

Completed by the end of class for points.

The Homefront• Propaganda – spreading of ideas

that help or hurt a cause• Selective Service / draft –

required 21-30 year old men to join the military

• Educating the troops• Food Administration• War Industries Board• Liberty Bonds• Women Workers• Anti-German Feelings• Great Migration• Espionage & Sedition Act

The Battlefield

• E & W Front• Trenches• AEF• Harlem Hell Fighters• Belleau Wood• Argonne Forest• Armistice• Flu• New Weapons

HomefrontThe Civilian side of a nation at war

Propaganda- the spreading of ideas that help or hurt a cause.

Raising an Army• On May 18, 1917 Congress passed the Selective

Service Act.– Required men from ages 21 to 30 to register for the military

draft• Draft- a law that requires people to serve in the

military

Educating the Troops

• The Army became a great educator• 25% illiterate – unable to read or write• Fueled a drive to reform public education• Raised teacher training standards• Increased school enrollment by 75%

Food Administration

• Job was to increase food production

• Feed civilians, American troops, and send food to allies.

• “Victory gardens”• “wheatless Mondays” /

“meatless” Tuesdays

Managing Industry

• In the beginning war supplies were short

• Military competed with industry for materials

• War Industries Board – told factories what they had to produce and set prices– From cars to tanks

• War Labor Board – set working hours, wages, prevented strikes.

Liberty Bonds• Liberty Bonds- Americans would buy the bonds

and temporarily lend $ to the govt.

• Raised $21 billion – • what paid for the war

• 75,000 speakers rallied support

Women Workers• As men joined military – women took there jobs• Earned less than the men they replaced• Helped change the view of “women’s work”• Thousands lost jobs when the men returned.

Anti-German Feelings

• Suspicion / loyalty questioned.

• Mobs attacked them • Families changed their

names• Schools stopped teaching

German• German sounding foods

changed

Great Migration

• Migration within the nation increased• Draft took workers to war newcomers came to the

city to work in the factories• ½ million African Americans & thousands of Mexican

Americans moved from South to Northern cities.• Migration continued after the war ended.• Competition led to race riots

People Against the War

• Pacifists- people who refuse to fight because they feel it is evil.

• Socialists- felt people as a whole should own property and share profits from businesses.– Felt that war only benefitted big business and factories.

In ResponseCongress passed laws making it a crime to criticize the government - Espionage & Sedition Acts

1,600+ arrestedFreedom of speech violated? – most felt laws were necessary in wartime.