prehistory. the first human beings 1. he stood up and walked on two feet. 2. his skull became bigger...

PrehistoryThe First Human Beings

The first human beings

1. He stood

up and

walked on

two feet.

2. His skull

became

bigger and

he

developed

intelligenc

e.

3. The jaw

and the

teeth

became

smaller.

The human being has changed slowly.

This happened 2.5 million years ago.They arrived at the Iberian Peninsula 1

million years ago

Stone Age begins…

It is the oldest period.It means “ancient stone age”.Human beings made simple tools up of

STONE and WOOL.Different groups of men and women appeared

and they became more and more intelligent and capable.

Palaeolithic

How did the human beings live in the palaeolithic?

They hunted bisons, mammoths, horses, deers…

They gathered fruit and roots.

They fish.

They lived in groups (bands or tribes).

They were NOMADS, so they did not have a permanent place to live. When food was finished they changed and looked for another place.

They lived outdoors or in caves.

They made up clothes from animal SKIN .

They discovered FIRE and used it to: COOK FOOD, HEAT, FRIGHTEN ANIMALS or GET LIGHT.

They used STONE to make TOOLS.

They paint in the ceilings or walls of the caves they live in. They painted

animals they hunt and also hunting scenes.

They used natural paint using coal, blood, clay…

ALTAMIRA caves are very famous in Spain for its cave paintings.

They buried the dead and gave them a special treatment keeping their bodies with food, flowers and tools.

They sculpt the stones to represent animals and humans.

It is the most recent period.It means “Cave age”.

Neolithic

How did they live in the Neolithic?They discovered

AGRICULTURE and started CULTIVATING cereal, peas and lentils in the countryside.

They also discovered FARMING and learned how to DOMESTICATE animals (dogs, sheep, goats, pigs…)

They became SEDENTARY (lived in the same place). They did not go from one place to another in search of food.

They built the first SETTLEMENTS near rivers and surrounded by walls to protect themselves from animals and other human beings.

They built the huts with adobe (dried mud and straw)

They made better toolsHOES to dig.Stone SICKLES to

cut wheat.GRINDING STONES

to grind seeds and make flour.

They discovered POTTERY and made pots, plates and bowls to cook.

Another important discovery was FABRIC. They started making clothes up of wool or linen.

To bury their dead bodies they built MEGALITHS (huge stone monuments) in two different forms:

MENHIR: a huge and high stone.

DOLMEN: several stones in the form of a table.

…and the AGE OF METALS arrivedIt is divided in three periods:

The COPPER AGE: it is the oldest period of the age of metals. The mainly used metal in this period was copper.

The BRONZE AGE: The mainly used metal in this period was BRONZE.

The IRON AGE: it is the most recent period of the age of metals. The mainly used metal in this period was IRON.

They discovered metals.They got the metals from undergroud mines.

How did they live in the age of Metals?

They learnt how to melt and make different objets (tools, jewels and weapons).

First they used BRONZE and later they used IRON.

They started building the first cities.They developed TRADE and EXCHANGED

products.

Jobs appeared for the very first time.

1. People who made

metalworking.

2. Potters.

3. Jewellers were

people who made

jewels.

4.Weavers were

people who made

cloths, fabrics…

2

34

1

They invented the WHEEL, SAIL and PLOUGH.

WRITING began to appear.