predicting extension professionals' climate change perceptions
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Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Predicting Extension Professionals’ Climate Change Perceptions The Six Americas of Extension
Waste to Worth: Spreading Science and Solutions. Denver, CO. April 1-5, 2013
Damian Adams, Martha Monroe, and Richard Plate
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
The Problem
• Climate is changing – 97% of climate scientists agree; models are robust and
improving• American public is polarized
– 16% doubtful that global warming is happening – 9% actively fighting any activity that would address
climate change. Leiserowitz et al. 2012
• Climate change a huge challenge to educators:– Issue is complex; causes are invisible– Implications are distant & uncertain; feedback weak– Effective campaign to increase confusion and mistrust Moser
2010
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
PINEMAP
• Regional research and Extension project• Improving capacity of Southern pine landowners to
mitigate against and adapt to climate changes• Conveying research results and recommended
management practices will use Extension Service
• Developing materials for Extension agents requires us to know more about their perceptions and beliefs about climate change
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
The Questions
• How do Extension professionals in the SE perceive the issue of climate change?– Does their perception vary with program area? State?
Position?• What are the perceptions of limitations to delivering
programs on climate change?• What is needed to implement climate programs?
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Public Perceptions
• Yale and George Mason Universities conducted several national studies on public perceptions of climate change, grouping the respondents into Six Americas:
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Developing Survey
• Used Six Americas questions at the core– Able to compare results; Cannot change wording– Included their definitions of global warming and climate change
• Included questions on Extension programming• Pilot test (n=32) in 4 states. Added comment boxes.• Worked with state Extension Directors• Four reminders to boost response rate• Non-response contacts to assess bias. None.
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
State Cooperators
• Fall 2011:– Alabama (Auburn, Alabama A&M, Tuskegee)– Florida (UF and FAMU)– Georgia (UGA)– Mississippi (MSU and Alcorn)– North Carolina (NCSU and NCAT)– Texas (TAMU and Prairie View)– Virginia (VA Tech and VSU)
• Spring 2012:– Louisiana (LSU and Southern University)
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Response Rates
Study Area Total Response Total Population Response Rate
AL 234 375 62.4%
FL 489 764 64.0%
GA 296 372 79.6%
LA 340 574 59.2%
MS 331 428 77.3%
NC 444 637 69.7%
TX 354 570 62.1%
VA 270 413 65.4%
All 8 States 2,758 4,133 66.7%
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
We Are Six Americas, Too
Alarmed Concerned Cautious Disengaged Doubtful Dismissive0
5
10
15
20
25
30
U.S. (n=1000)
Southeast Extension (n=2589)
Delivery-Yes (n=2372)
As a whole, Extension professionals mirror the general public in perceptions of climate change.
Note: US data from Leiserowitz et al. (2012)
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
MS (n=279)
TX (n=339)
AL (n=215)
LA (n=243)
GA (n=279)
All (n=2372)
VA (n=233)
NC (n=353)
FL (n=431)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed
Perceptions Differ by State
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
And by Political Identity
V. Cons. (n=194) Cons. (n=843) Neutral (n=843) Liberal (n=301) V. Lib. (n=50)0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedConcernedCautiousAlarmed
Note: All groups are different from all others—chi-square p<0.05
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
And by Primary Program Area
Ag_Live (n=253)
Ag_Crops (n=369)
Sup/ Admin
(n=121)
All (n=2372)
FH_Lead, FH_Oth (n=471)
Hort_Com, Hort_Oth (n=374)
NR_Mar, NR_For,
NR_Wood, Aqua
(n=141)
ComEcDev, FCS_Oth
(n=203)
FCS_FNH (n=324)
NR_Fresh, NR_EE, NR_Oth (n=98)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Regression Model ResultsSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA
Constant Constant +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +*** +***Gender Female -*** -*** -*** -*** -*Age 21-30 +*** +*** +*
31-40 +** +** +**51-60 +***61-70 and 70 or older -* -**
Education Bachelor's -** -* -*Doctoral -**
Politics V. Conservative +*** +*** +*** +** +*** +*** +*** +*** +***Conservative +*** +*** +*** +*** +** +*** +*** +** +***Liberal -*** -*** -** -** -*** -** -***V. Liberal -*** -** -** -***
Years in Ext. < 1 -*** -* -**1-5 -*** -***6-10 -*** -**11-15 -**26-30 -** -**> 30 -** -*
Role XAdminXFac +* +*XProg +***NXAdminNXOther +**
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Regression Model Results – cont’d
SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VAScale County/Parish -* -**
State -*** -** -** -***
Mult States/Other -*** -** -** -*** -**
Density All rural
More rural -*
More urban +*** +***
All urban -*
Location Coastal -*** -* -** -* -**
Inland -*** -** -* -** -*** -*** -***
CC program involvement
Developed -*** -*** -*** -** -*** -**
Participated in -*** -*** -*
Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt -** -* -*
Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture
-*
Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other -*** -** -*** -*
4H -*** -** -**Family Comm - nutrition/health -*** -*** -** -**
Comm Econ Dev, Family Comm – other
-*
Hort - cmrl & other, Ag - other, Pests -*** -*
Program support/admin -** -*
Sub area* role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles +** +*
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Regression Model ResultsSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA
Constant Constant 3.93*** 4.02*** 3.63*** 4.43*** 4.41*** 4.02*** 3.91*** 4.7*** 3.0***Gender Female -0.39*** -0.36*** -0.69*** -0.52*** -0.41*Age 21-30 0.34*** 0.8*** 0.64*
31-40 0.19** 0.44** 0.52**51-60 0.66***61-70 and 70 or older -0.89* 0.98**
Education Bachelor's -0.37** -0.5* -1.0*Doctoral -0.37**
Politics V. Conservative 1.45*** 1.51*** 1.78*** 0.72** 0.78*** 1.58*** 1.34*** 1.05*** 1.28***Conservative 0.89*** 1.12*** 1.2*** 0.73*** 0.36** 0.81*** 0.84*** 0.46** 0.91***Liberal -0.71*** -0.57*** -0.83** -0.74** -0.5*** -0.88** -0.97***V. Liberal -0.97*** -0.73** -1.97** -1.16***
Years in Ext. < 1 -0.59*** -0.71* -0.88**1-5 -0.33*** -0.58***6-10 -0.3*** -0.48**11-15 -0.18**26-30 -0.24** -0.55**> 30 -0.31** -0.75*
Role XAdminXFac 0.5* 0.72*XProg 0.74***NXAdminNXOther 0.76**
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Regression Model Results – cont’d
SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VAScale County/Parish -0.46* 0.49**
State -0.44*** -0.63** -0.79** -1.59***
Mult States/Other -0.74*** -0.65** -1.01** -2.29*** -0.94**
Density All rural
More rural 0.46*
More urban -0.73*** 1.1***
All urban -0.66*
Location Coastal -0.45*** -0.3* -0.56** -0.5* -0.73**
Inland -0.36*** -0.6** -0.26* -0.68** -0.74*** -0.48*** -0.52***
CC program involvement
Developed -0.52*** -0.88*** -0.69*** -0.65** -0.96*** -0.5**
Participated in -0.26*** -0.82*** -0.4*
Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt -0.23** -0.52* -0.51*
Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture
-0.27*
Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other -0.56*** -1.96** -1.13*** -1.17*
4H -0.42*** -0.9** -0.61**Family Comm - nutrition/health -0.58*** -1.42*** -0.85** -0.69**
Comm Econ Dev, Family Comm – other
-0.23*
Hort - cmrl & other, Ag - other, Pests -0.35*** -0.61*
Program support/admin -0.35** -1*
Sub area* role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles 0.28** 0.79*
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Convert a barrier to opportunity
• Homophily – the tendency to listen to people who share your values and beliefs – restricts the flow of new information– People confirm what they already know, and reject what doesn’t
match – Moser 2010
– Network of change agent/educators who match the American public and can convey climate information across these audiences?
• Educators reflect the American public, deliver science-based programs in every county, are trusted by their audiences, in part because they are similar
• Could effective in-service training and institutional support enable them to become effective climate educators for their portion of the public?
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Review of Respondent Comments: Concerned and Alarmed
• Likely to be heard only by other concerned and alarmed people
• Can use the few conservatives to reach across gaps• Need to learn how to communicate with people who are
not as concerned by understanding their perspectives• Can address mitigation and adaptation with other
concerned folks
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Comments: Cautious, Disengaged, Doubtful
• Need to see the relevance to their program area• Need to see there are some solutions and reasonable
actions• Can they overcome personal beliefs and doubts and be
effective communicators to other cautious and disengaged people?
• Focus on adaptation solutions to climate uncertainty—sea level and agriculture challenges
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Comments: Dismissive
• Most challenging because they are convinced the science is wrong, and have a lot of facts to support their opinions
• May also take a faith in God as a reason to avoid responsibility
• Need to find trusted scientists• Need institutional leadership• May need a process that engages them in exploration to
empower understanding• Focus on energy conservation, renewable resources,
stewardship, vulnerable populations
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Some Suggestions
• Could launch state programs that– Make clear their leadership and support– Engage teams of faculty to develop ISTs that answer their
questions– Provide information on local impacts and practical
solutions• Will need to develop a training program that
– Provides a solid foundation about climate – Builds skills in communication and facilitation– Acknowledges values and beliefs– Rebuilds trust in science
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Thank YouDamian C. Adamsdcadams@ufl.eduMartha C. Monroemcmonroe@ufl.edu
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Summary Statistics Category Variable SESix Am. Segment 3.19 (1.48)
Gender Female 0.49 (0.48)
Age 21-30 0.09 (0.27)
31-40 0.22 (0.4)
51-60 0.35 (0.46)
61-70 and 70 or older 0.09 (0.28)
Education Bachelor's 0.06 (0.22)
Doctoral 0.25 (0.42)
Politics V. Conservative 0.09 (0.27)Conservative 0.37 (0.46)
Liberal 0.13 (0.32)
V. Liberal 0.02 (0.14)
Years in Ext. < 1 0.04 (0.18)
1-5 0.22 (0.4)
6-10 0.18 (0.37)
11-15 0.17 (0.37)
26-30 0.08 (0.26)
> 30 0.07 (0.25)
Role XAdmin 0.06 (0.24)
XFac 0.22 (0.41)
XProg 0.08 (0.27)
NXAdmin 0.03 (0.16)
NXOther 0.07 (0.26)
Category Variable SEScale County/Parish 0.54 (0.5)
State 0.23 (0.42)
Mult States/Other 0.06 (0.23)
Density All rural 0.26 (0.43)
More rural 0.35 (0.46)
More urban 0.14 (0.33)
All urban 0.05 (0.21)
Location Coastal 0.15 (0.26)
Inland 0.66 (0.35)
CC program involvement
Developed 0.13 (0.33)
Participated in 0.22 (0.41)
Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt 0.15 (0.36)
Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture
0.06 (0.23)
Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other 0.04 (0.19)
4H 0.19 (0.39)Family Commun - nutrition/health
0.13 (0.34)
Community Econ Dev, Family Commun - other
0.08 (0.28)
Hort - commercial & other, Ag - other, Pests
0.15 (0.35)
Program support/admin 0.09 (0.29)
Sub area*role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles
0.06 (0.21)
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Summary Statistics SE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA
Six Am. Segment 3.19 (1.48) 3.47 (1.62) 2.55 (1.44) 3.29 (1.53) 3.29 (1.31) 3.74 (1.58) 3.04 (1.42) 3.58 (1.55) 2.94 (1.48)
Gender Female 0.49 (0.48) 0.43 (0.5) 0.47 (0.5) 0.4 (0.49) 0.51 (0.5) 0.5 (0.5) 0.66 (0.47) 0.46 (0.5) 0.45 (0.5)
Age 21-30 0.09 (0.27) 0.06 (0.24) 0.05 (0.22) 0.08 (0.27) 0.08 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.1 (0.31) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.28)
31-40 0.22 (0.4) 0.18 (0.39) 0.2 (0.4) 0.19 (0.39) 0.18 (0.39) 0.29 (0.46) 0.2 (0.4) 0.26 (0.44) 0.25 (0.44)
51-60 0.35 (0.46) 0.34 (0.48) 0.4 (0.49) 0.34 (0.47) 0.4 (0.49) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.48) 0.25 (0.44) 0.31 (0.46)
61-70 and 70 or older 0.09 (0.28) 0.13 (0.34) 0.14 (0.35) 0.06 (0.24) 0.12 (0.32) 0.06 (0.24) 0.07 (0.26) 0.06 (0.24) 0.09 (0.29)
Education Bachelor's 0.06 (0.22) 0 (0) 0.06 (0.24) 0 (0) 0.12 (0.33) 0.01 (0.08) 0.16 (0.37) 0.04 (0.18) 0.02 (0.13)
Doctoral 0.25 (0.42) 0.31 (0.47) 0.44 (0.5) 0.26 (0.44) 0.28 (0.45) 0.28 (0.45) 0.09 (0.29) 0.06 (0.24) 0.31 (0.46)
Politics V. Conservative 0.09 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.05 (0.22) 0.12 (0.32) 0.08 (0.27) 0.17 (0.37) 0.06 (0.23) 0.1 (0.29) 0.04 (0.2)
Conservative 0.37 (0.46) 0.34 (0.48) 0.22 (0.41) 0.44 (0.5) 0.46 (0.5) 0.44 (0.5) 0.34 (0.48) 0.5 (0.5) 0.29 (0.45)
Liberal 0.13 (0.32) 0.12 (0.33) 0.25 (0.44) 0.09 (0.29) 0.1 (0.29) 0.08 (0.26) 0.17 (0.37) 0.06 (0.25) 0.14 (0.35)
V. Liberal 0.02 (0.14) 0.03 (0.18) 0.04 (0.2) 0.01 (0.08) 0.01 (0.12) 0.01 (0.1) 0.02 (0.15) 0.01 (0.1) 0.04 (0.19)
Years in Ext. < 1 0.04 (0.18) 0.04 (0.19) 0.03 (0.18) 0 (0) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.24) 0.04 (0.18) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.24)
1-5 0.22 (0.4) 0.16 (0.36) 0.24 (0.43) 0.16 (0.37) 0.25 (0.43) 0.26 (0.44) 0.21 (0.4) 0.27 (0.44) 0.17 (0.38)
6-10 0.18 (0.37) 0.13 (0.34) 0.21 (0.41) 0.15 (0.35) 0.15 (0.36) 0.15 (0.36) 0.19 (0.4) 0.19 (0.39) 0.25 (0.43)
11-15 0.17 (0.37) 0.17 (0.38) 0.16 (0.36) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.33) 0.2 (0.4) 0.17 (0.38) 0.19 (0.39) 0.18 (0.38)
26-30 0.08 (0.26) 0.09 (0.29) 0.08 (0.27) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.26) 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.28) 0.06 (0.24) 0.05 (0.21)
> 30 0.07 (0.25) 0.13 (0.34) 0.1 (0.29) 0.06 (0.24) 0.16 (0.37) 0.03 (0.17) 0.04 (0.19) 0.06 (0.24) 0.03 (0.18)
Role XAdmin 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.27) 0.06 (0.23) 0.04 (0.19) 0.04 (0.19) 0.08 (0.27) 0.14 (0.35) 0.01 (0.08) 0.03 (0.17)
XFac 0.22 (0.41) 0.3 (0.46) 0.32 (0.47) 0.27 (0.44) 0.22 (0.42) 0.25 (0.44) 0.08 (0.28) 0.01 (0.11) 0.32 (0.47)
XProg 0.08 (0.27) 0.03 (0.18) 0.06 (0.23) 0.01 (0.08) 0.09 (0.29) 0.1 (0.3) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.27) 0.07 (0.25)
NXAdmin 0.03 (0.16) 0.03 (0.18) 0.03 (0.16) 0.02 (0.14) 0.03 (0.16) 0.02 (0.15) 0.01 (0.12) 0 (0) 0.07 (0.26)
NXOther 0.07 (0.26) 0.02 (0.13) 0.07 (0.25) 0.01 (0.08) 0.16 (0.37) 0.1 (0.3) 0.14 (0.34) 0.01 (0.12) 0.02 (0.15)
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Summary Statistics – cont’dSE AL FL GA LA MS NC TX VA
Scale County/Parish 0.54 (0.5) 0.21 (0.41) 0.52 (0.5) 0.5 (0.5) 0.42 (0.49) 0.31 (0.46) 0.84 (0.36) 0.91 (0.28) 0.35 (0.48)
State 0.23 (0.42) 0.33 (0.47) 0.27 (0.44) 0.24 (0.43) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.49) 0.08 (0.27) 0.01 (0.08) 0.32 (0.47)
Mult States/Other 0.06 (0.23) 0.08 (0.27) 0.11 (0.32) 0.06 (0.25) 0.04 (0.21) 0.05 (0.23) 0.01 (0.12) 0 (0) 0.08 (0.27)
Density All rural 0.26 (0.43) 0.24 (0.43) 0.13 (0.33) 0.37 (0.48) 0.22 (0.41) 0.21 (0.41) 0.32 (0.47) 0.38 (0.49) 0.29 (0.45)
More rural 0.35 (0.46) 0.42 (0.49) 0.31 (0.46) 0.27 (0.44) 0.36 (0.48) 0.5 (0.5) 0.37 (0.48) 0.27 (0.45) 0.34 (0.48)
More urban 0.14 (0.33) 0.11 (0.31) 0.24 (0.43) 0.13 (0.33) 0.14 (0.34) 0.06 (0.24) 0.13 (0.34) 0.13 (0.34) 0.12 (0.33)
All urban 0.05 (0.21) 0.03 (0.16) 0.06 (0.24) 0.08 (0.28) 0.06 (0.23) 0.01 (0.08) 0.02 (0.14) 0.07 (0.25) 0.06 (0.23)
Location Coastal 0.15 (0.26) 0.05 (0.21) 0.39 (0.49) 0.02 (0.16) 0.16 (0.36) 0.02 (0.15) 0.11 (0.31) 0.1 (0.3) 0.18 (0.39)
Inland 0.66 (0.35) 0.66 (0.47) 0.34 (0.48) 0.78 (0.42) 0.68 (0.47) 0.61 (0.49) 0.84 (0.37) 0.89 (0.31) 0.59 (0.49)
CC program involvement
Developed 0.13 (0.33) 0.14 (0.34) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.34) 0.12 (0.32) 0.08 (0.28) 0.1 (0.31) 0.13 (0.34) 0.15 (0.35)
Participated in 0.22 (0.41) 0.26 (0.44) 0.33 (0.47) 0.32 (0.47) 0.17 (0.38) 0.16 (0.37) 0.15 (0.35) 0.17 (0.37) 0.22 (0.41)
Primary area Ag crops and business/mgt 0.15 (0.36) 0.13 (0.34) 0.15 (0.36) 0.27 (0.44) 0.15 (0.36) 0.14 (0.34) 0.1 (0.31) 0.15 (0.36) 0.13 (0.34)
Nat Res - marine, wildlife, forestry, wood, aquaculture
0.06 (0.23) 0.12 (0.32) 0.09 (0.29) 0.01 (0.08) 0.08 (0.27) 0.08 (0.26) 0.01 (0.08) 0.02 (0.15) 0.07 (0.26)
Nat Res - env ed, fr water, other 0.04 (0.19) 0.02 (0.13) 0.09 (0.28) 0.03 (0.18) 0.04 (0.21) 0.03 (0.18) 0.01 (0.12) 0.02 (0.15) 0.04 (0.21)
4H 0.19 (0.39) 0.2 (0.4) 0.13 (0.34) 0.2 (0.4) 0.24 (0.42) 0.18 (0.39) 0.19 (0.39) 0.19 (0.39) 0.24 (0.43)
Family Commun - nutrition/health 0.13 (0.34) 0.1 (0.3) 0.08 (0.26) 0.1 (0.31) 0.14 (0.35) 0.08 (0.27) 0.16 (0.37) 0.31 (0.46) 0.08 (0.27)
Community Econ Dev, Family Commun - other
0.08 (0.28) 0.16 (0.37) 0.06 (0.24) 0.03 (0.18) 0.03 (0.17) 0.18 (0.38) 0.11 (0.31) 0.03 (0.17) 0.09 (0.29)
Hort - commercial & other, Ag - other, Pests
0.15 (0.35) 0.11 (0.31) 0.24 (0.42) 0.18 (0.39) 0.09 (0.28) 0.09 (0.29) 0.19 (0.39) 0.06 (0.25) 0.16 (0.37)
Program support/admin 0.09 (0.29) 0.08 (0.27) 0.1 (0.3) 0.05 (0.22) 0.11 (0.32) 0.12 (0.32) 0.19 (0.39) 0.01 (0.11) 0.05 (0.21)
Sub area*role Nat Res - forestry, wood - all roles 0.06 (0.21) 0.09 (0.29) 0.04 (0.19) 0.04 (0.21) 0 (0) 0.13 (0.34) 0.05 (0.21) 0.01 (0.08) 0.05 (0.22)
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Coastal Location Matters
All (n=2372) Serving Coastal (n=208)
Serving Inland (n=894) Serving Both (n=268)0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed
* Different from all other categories; Chi-square, p<0.01
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
All (n=237
2)
21-30 (n=217)
31-40 (n=538)
41-50 (n=585)
51-60 (n=792)
>60 (n=199)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Dismissive
Doubtful
Disengaged
Concerned
Cautious
Alarmed
Six Americas by Age and Education for Program Deliverers
Less
than
Bac
helo
r's (n
=71)
Bache
rs o
r Mas
ter's
(n=16
78)
Beyon
d Mas
ter's
(n=58
7)0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed
* Different from all other categories; Chi-square, p<0.01
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Agents and Specialists Differ
All Ext. Agent (n=1448)
Ext. Spec. (n=545)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
DismissiveDoubtfulDisengagedCautiousConcernedAlarmed
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Natural Resources Ag Livestock and Crops
NR and Ag program faculty differ
• Respondents are significantly different from all other groups
• More likely to be Alarmed and Concerned
• More likely to have PhD, work on coast, be liberal, be state specialist
• Respondents are significantly different from other groups
• More likely to be Dismissive, Doubtful
• More men, more agents, more conservative, fewer PhDs, work inland
Pine Integrated Network: Education, Mitigation, and Adaptation project (PINEMAP) is a Coordinated Agriculture Project funded by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture
FL Example: And yet…
• 65% have never attended an IST on climate
• But 53% are somewhat willing; 32% are very willing to do so
• 18% don’t know if global warming is happening (76 respondents)
• 41% agree “the scientific community has a political agenda” (145 respondents/358)
• 82% need more information to make up their minds (352/431)
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