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PRAYAGRAJ SMART CITYCROWD MANAGMENT
Smart World & Communication
Smart Cities in India
Agenda
Prayagraj Smart City
Kumbh Mela – How Technology helped
3Crowd Management Solution
4Challenges & Learnings
3
Smart City-Indian Context
‘Smart Cities are those cities which have smart (intelligent) physical, social, institutional and economic infrastructure while ensuring centrality of citizens in a
sustainable environment.’
City - Full of “Life-Happiness-Prosperity” embraced by Technology
SOC
IAL
INFR
AST
RU
CTU
RE
PH
YSI
CA
L IN
FRA
STR
UC
TUR
E
INST
ITU
TIO
NA
L IN
FRA
STR
UC
TUR
E
(In
clu
din
g G
ove
rnan
ce)
ECO
NO
MIC
IN
FRA
STR
UC
TUR
E
EmploymentQuality of Life
Sustainability
4Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Embracing of Technology
A smart city using digital technologies or Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to:
Enhance quality and performance of Urban Services
Reduce cost and resource consumption
Engage more effectively and actively with its Citizens
5Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Need for Smart Cities and Indian Urban Scenario
6Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Need for Smart Cities - Likely Scenario of Urban India
Quality of urban services likewater supply, sewage, solidwaste, transportation,affordable housing etc. is undertremendous pressure.
Basic service demand isincreasing and the gap betweensupply-demand will be huge infuture.
It urges us to find smartsolutions to make our Cities Fullof “Life-Happiness-Prosperity”embraced by Technology
7Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Smart Cities Mission in India
Countrywide Mission to Promote Cities that Provide:
Core Infrastructure,
Give a decent quality of life to citizens, and
Apply smart solutions to improve servicesand infrastructure
“ Cities In The Past Were Build On
Riverbanks, They Are Now Build Along
Highways. But In The Future, They Will Be
Build Based On Availability Of Optical
Fiber Networks And Next-Generation Infrastructure ”
Shri Narendra ModiHon’ble Prime Minister
"100 Smart Cities Mission" was launched by Hon’ble Prime Minister, Narendra Modi
on 25 June 2015
8Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
100 Smart Cities - Mission to Transform the Nation
To ensure that cities function as -
“engines of economic growth”,
Total investment of about 28.70 Billion
USD – over 20 years:
23 Billion USD for Area Based Development
5.7 Billion USD for Pan-City Solution
Benefiting 99.63 Million People across 100
cities
9
Prayagraj Smart City
Prayagraj city was selected among 100 cities to be developed as smartcity in India owing to its historic importance and Kumbh Mela 2019.North India’s first Integrated Smart City under Smart Cities Missioncomprises of:
• Surveillance System CCTV - 743 Fixed Box Cameras, 292 PTZ Cameras• Automatic Number Plate Recognition System (ANPR) – 30 Cameras at 7
city entry-exit points• Adaptive Traffic Control System (ATCS) – 18 Junctions equipped with
adaptively driven signaling system• Variable Message Display (VMD) – 40 signage's for delivering regular
awareness messages along with transmitting emergency informativemessages.
• Command Control Centres (CCC) – Two state-of-the-art Command andControl Centers, one at the Kumbh specific area and another for theoverall city surveillance serve as centralized monitoring decision
• 24*7 Contact Centre 1920 – Dedicated helpline with round the clockoperations address queries of pilgrims and locals and triggers instantresponses for city administrators if any emergency situation arises.
• Solid Waste Management (SWM) – Centralised Monitoring of 500 Bulkgenerators and 48 dumping stations
• On premise Tier-III Data Centre (DC) and Disaster Recovery (DR)
Contact Centre - 1920
24*7
Adaptive Traffic Control
System
Crowd Management
Variable Message Display Boards
10
Objectives of Prayagraj Smart City Solutions
Kumbh Mela 2019 perspective
Support police to maintain Law and Order
Act as an aid to investigation
Improve Crowd Management
Help in deterring, detecting and thus dealing with criminal activities
Monitor select vital public places of Kumbh Mela 2019 in Allahabad City for keeping eye on regular activities & for disaster management support
Smart City perspective
Enable collation of information and collaborative monitoring
analysis of data for quicker decision making
Help different stakeholders prepare for exigencies, coordinate and manage response efforts
Enhance the ongoing efficiency of city operations
Real-time and unified view of operations
11
Benefits of Prayagraj Smart City Solutions
License plate recognitions at strategic locations to capture the number plates to nab the Suspected Vehicle
AI tech used in Crowd analytics to Interpret the Crowd Density and manage the Crowd• Density of crowd, thresholds to interpret the crowd density in real time as well as in advance which led to
effective crowd control mechanisms.
With 1000+ cameras, real time monitoring and response mechanisms in case of mishaps have resulted in faster and efficient issue resolutions
40 VMD’s implemented at 40 strategic locations to transmit emergency messages to guide & manage the crowd flow through different routes as well as different railway stations as per the vacancy
Solid waste management enabled Channelization of waste across the 500 bulk generators and 48 open dumping stations
12
What is Kumbh Mela?
13Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Kumbh Mela
Kumbh Mela, in Hinduism, is a religious pilgrimage that is celebrated four times over a course of 12 years. The geographical location of Kumbh Mela spans over four locations in India and the Mela site keeps rotating between one of the four pilgrimages on four sacred rivers as listed below:
➢Haridwar on the Ganges in Uttarakhand
➢Ujjain on the Shipra in Madhya Pradesh
➢Nashik on the Godavari in Maharashtra
➢Prayagraj at the confluence of the Ganges, the Yamuna, and the mythical Sarasvati in Uttar Pradesh
Haridwar
Ujjain
Nashik
Prayagraj
14Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Kumbh Mela
The Kumbh Mela (the festival of the sacred pitcher) is anchored in Hindu mythology. It is the largest public gathering and collective act of faith, anywhere in the world.
The Mela draws tens of millions of pilgrims over the course of approximately 48 days to bathe at the sacred confluence of the Ganga, the Yamuna, and the mystical Sarasvati. Primarily, this congregation includes
Ascetics, Saints, Sadhus, Sadhvis, Kalpvasis, and Pilgrims from all walks of life.
Inscribed in 2017 (12.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
15Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Kumbh Mela
Each site’s celebration is based on a distinct set of astrological positions of the Sun, the Moon, and the Jupiter. The celebrations occur at the exact moment when these positions are fully occupied, as it is considered to be the holiest time in Hinduism.
The Kumbh Mela is an event that intrinsically encapsulates the science of astronomy, astrology, spirituality, ritualistic traditions, and socio-cultural customs and practices, making it extremely rich in knowledge.
16
Kumbh Mela 2019
Pilgrims Visited250 Million
17
Incidents at Kumbh Mela
18
How technology helped in Kumbh 2019
For the first time that Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been used in Kumbh Mela. Over 1,000 CCTV cameras have been used to monitor various movements across the Mela area spread across 3,200 hectares
A team of 10 information technology (IT) experts reviewed densely populated areas & found that the density of devotees and pilgrims was highest at Sangam noze — 3.19 persons per square meter
Based on previous datasets of Disaster management department, thresholds were defined i.e.
Standard Operating Procedure with escalation matrices were defined, rerouting plans assignedwith each kinds of severity levels were initiated in case of any alert generations.
Different Traffic plan has been implemented the moment density changes from one phase to another phase
Crowd Density (CD)
Severity Level
CD<1.5 Normal
1.5<CD<3 Moderate
3<CD<4.5 Critical
Traffic management at Kumbh is also planned to ensure coordination of traffic movement on multiple channels which are integrated with google maps
19
Features of Crowd Management Solution
Deep Reinforcement Learning
Dedicated Graphical processing units (GPUs)
Continuous Learning from archived feeds
Ultra Dense Real-time crowd detection
Geo-spatial alerts & Centralised Dashboard
41 Cameras at 20 strategic entry-exit Ghat locations and Snan Zones
20
Prayagraj Smart City – Crowd Management Solution
Video Cloud
Predictive Analytics Textual Analytics Video Analytics Geo Spatial Analytics
Visualization
/ Apps
AI/
Analytics
Visualization & Business
IntelligenceMulti Agency Dashboard
Apps
▪ App store
▪ Self service portal/UI
Communication EngineProcessing/Automation Engine, CEP Engine, Rules Engine
AI Stack
▪ SDK ▪ Search and Query ▪ User Authentication ▪ Algorithms ▪ Deep learning Models ▪ ML Models
Data warehouse Geo database
Visualization & BI Tool
Video Adaptors (ONVIF)Data connectors & adapters
Data Layer
Domain
Solutions
Ingestion
Sensors
IoT
Pla
tfo
rm (
Wa
rm &
Co
ld P
ath
)
Time Series Data Store
Operational Data Store
Relational & Non-Relational DB
Analytics Engine Computer Vision Engine Geo Spatial Engine
Master Data Management
Computer Aided
DispatchFleet Management Asset Management Traffic, Energy, Others..
Real-time Streams Other IoT devices Cameras (Hot Path)
Video Management
(VMS)
21
Crowd Management Data Flow
Fig. Video Analytics based Crowd Management Solution’s data flow diagram
22
Crowd Management Alert Generation Mechanism
Crowd Count and Density Measurement
Crowd Alert in ICCC Software
23
Approach
Test Case 1 – Failure
• Publicly available data sets were used to train crowd counting models which failed to estimate high dense crowd
• Bounding Boxes annotation were adopted - Failed to accurately count people far away from the camera
Test Case 2 – Success
• State of the art AI methodologies were tested for Kumbh type data sets • 1500 Images collected - 700 Preferable Images
were selected and annotation were performed• Average headcount 600+ in one image - Total
400K heads annotated• Trained for 10,000 iterations or samplings to
achieve highest accuracy
24
Challenges
Challenge – Delay in ROW permission in River bank area to setup temporary Kumbh cameras
Precast installations & deployment of large resources 24x7.
Challenge – Continuous maintenance of edge devices to keep services live during the event
10 dedicated team of N/W & power technicians were deployed round the clock
Challenge – Absence of proven solution for high dense crowd mgmt.
Partnered with leading research institute to custom develop crowd model
Challenge – Unavailability High dense crowd public data set
Sourced data sets from yearly events at Prayagraj which witness high density crowd gatherings
Challenge – 10K iterations of Model training was time & resource intensive
High-end GPUs were deployed to carry out training at war footing
Challenge – Short timeline to annotate huge sets of data
Local resources were hired to expedite & meet stringent timelines
25
Learnings
High resolution 4K camera provide highest accuracy for density monitoring
Frame rate <25 should be adopted for better accuracy on inflow measurement (line counts) from transit points
Congested Scene Recognition called CSRNet offers highest accuracy for high dense crowds
Larger crowd can be identified and counted efficiently & accurately with Dot Annotations
For highly accurate crowd count – adopt 90 –deg. top view in cameras zoomed mounted at high masts.
26
Success of Kumbh 2019 – Crowd Management Solution
27Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Alert Resolution Implement Traffic Plan
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ICCC by L&T DC
29Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Smooth Crowd Movement
30Prayagraj Smart City, Smart Infra
Wrong Crowd Movement Stampede Alert
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THANK YOU
SATYANARAYAN SINGH RATHORE
Managing Director - GMRC
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