powerpoint templates page 1 powerpoint templates rich and poor and those in between charlotte...

Powerpoint Templates Page 1Powerpoint Templates

Rich and Poor and Those in Between

•Charlotte Allen•Lindsey Dudek •Sanveer Chhina

•Dylan Vasquez•Travis McDonald

Powerpoint Templates Page 2

Social Structure

• Industrialization and urbanization cause changes in social structure1. Wages increased2. A major increase in

the standard living

Upper class

Upper middle Class

Middle middle class

Lower middle class

Lower class

Powerpoint Templates Page 3

Social Structure cont…• The increase in wages did not help ease poverty or create equality

between the rich and poor– The richest 5% of all households received 33% of national income– The richest 20% received 50-60%– The entire bottom 80% received only 40-50%

• The bottom 30% of that received 10% of less• The middle class was less than 20% of the population

– The upper and middle classes received more that 50% of income• The poorest 80%(the working classes) received less together than the

upper and middle classes.• Income taxes on the wealth were light or nonexistent

– Causing the gap between rich and poor to be even greater

Powerpoint Templates Page 4

Distribution of Income

Richest 5% Richest 10%

Richest 20%

Richest 60%

Britain 43% 59%

Denmark 30% 39% 55% 31%

Prussia 30% 50% 33%

Powerpoint Templates Page 5

The Middle Classes

• There was diversity and range in the urban middle class.

• Loosely united by jobs requiring mental skill instead of physical.

Powerpoint Templates Page 6

Upper Middle Class• Composed of most successful

business families.– Banking– Industry– Large scale commence

• Lost radical spirit as earned more money

• Drawn towards aristocratic lifestyle• Purchased country palaces and

built beach houses for weekend and summer use

• Number of servants was an important indicator of wealth– Private coaches and carriages– Expensive items from the city

• Most of the class was old aristocracy – Aristocracy welcomed – Decline in income for

aristocracy caused them to trade titles and other reared

– Some bargains were made through marriages to American Heiresses

Powerpoint Templates Page 7

Powerpoint Templates Page 8

Middle Middle Class

• Larger• Less wealth• Very diversified• Moderately successful industrialists,

merchants, and professionals in law and medicine

Powerpoint Templates Page 9

Lower Middle Class

• Independent shoe keepers, small traders, and tiny manufacturers

• Important additions– expansion of industry and technology– Growing– Solid middle class professions

• Architects, chemist, accountants, and surveyors– Criteria for advanced

Powerpoint Templates Page 10

Middle Class Culture• The middle class people were mixed through their style of life

and culture– Food and dining was a common passion throughout the

people– They spent large portions of their time and money on food

and parties• Wives were responsible for the meals and dishes, but hey had

servants and large amounts of money to use– She could hire help around the house

• The greater the income, the more slaves a family would have– 50% went to food and slaves alone

• Middle class people were well fed, served and house by 1900– By this time the middle class was also concerned about

their clothes

Powerpoint Templates Page 11

Middle Class Culture cont…

• Middle class parents also wanted to provide education for their children

• The middle class was also united through their expectancy of behavior and morality– They focused on work and discipline– Strict and demanding– They became more clean and pure to topics

like gambling and alcohol

Powerpoint Templates Page 12

The Working Classes

• 4/5 of Europe’s population belonged to the working class

• There was a hierarchy within the working class

• Highly skilled workers who made up about 15% of the working class became a labor aristocracy

a)The most “aristocratic” were construction bosses and factory foremen, men who had risen in rank

Powerpoint Templates Page 13

The Working Classes Cont.• The upper working class

adopted distinctive valuesa) They saved money for

their children’s education and valued good housing

b) Practiced self disciplinec) Frowned on heavy

drinking & sexual permissiveness

Powerpoint Templates Page 14

Working Classes Cont.

• A large number of semiskilled workers were factory workers

• Unskilled workers had various jobs including wagon-driving teamsters and shore men

a) Most were domestic servants, they endured hard work with low wages and the danger of sexual exploitation

Aristocracy

Middle classes•Upper•Middle•Lower

Working classes•Highly skilled•Semiskilled•Unskilled

Powerpoint Templates Page 15

Working Class Leisure

• Urban working class looked for fun and recreation– Drinking was very popular

• Although some moralist found drinking a curse and a sign of social dislocation and suffering

• It created problems in the home• In late 19th century it became less accepted socially

– It was still common and pubs were more frequent– Couples going drinking was accepted

– Sports and music became other sources of entertainment• Cruel sports such as bullbaiting and cock fighting had declined • Spectator sports such as racing and soccer took their place• Gambling became more frequent and taught literacy • Music halls that had opera and classical theater had shows

appealing with the upper middle class

Powerpoint Templates Page 16

Working Class Religion

• Religion gave working people solace and meaning – The early 19th century is seen as a religious revival,

but by the end of the century attendance and donations had declined

• The decline was with mostly the urban working class than the rural class

• The decline was possibly caused by churches not expanding with the people

• Catholic and Protestant churches were seen as conservative institutions controlling social order and customs