power protection stowe australia welcomes qestnet data centre construction workshop seminar stowe...

Power ProtectionPower Protection

• Stowe AustraliaStowe Australia WelcomesWelcomes

QESTnet Data Centre QESTnet Data Centre Construction Workshop SeminarConstruction Workshop Seminar

• Today’s presenter:Today’s presenter:

• Michael LucykMichael Lucyk

• Stowe Australia Stowe Australia Power Protection Account ManagerPower Protection Account Manager

A Power Protection system is a A Power Protection system is a critical tool in minimizing critical tool in minimizing Business Continuity risk -Business Continuity risk - Manages power quality

Provides support in the event of power interruption

Reduces the risk of disruption to critical business processes

Reduces the risk of lost productivity

Reduces the risk of economic loss

Reduces the risk of disruption to customer service & loss of business

Power Protection & Power Protection & Business ContinuityBusiness Continuity

Growing Need for Power Growing Need for Power ProtectionProtection

UPS power is typically used to support ITUPS power is typically used to support ITinfrastructure -infrastructure -

Computer Rooms; Data Centres; Trading Floors; Call Centres; General Office

Other Applications include –Other Applications include –

Industrial Control Systems; Security Systems

Two major issues are driving use of UPS -Two major issues are driving use of UPS -

Growing Need For Power Growing Need For Power ProtectionProtection

Degradation Of Power QualityDegradation Of Power Quality Lack of investment in power infrastructure by

power utility companies.

Reduction in electrical network maintenance to reduce cost. This decreases the reliability of the power network

Onus onto the end user to provide performance requirements to suit their needs.

Growing Need For Power Growing Need For Power ProtectionProtection

Increasing Demand For Quality Power By Increasing Demand For Quality Power By The End UserThe End User

The use of microprocessor based equipment in day to day office business activities requires the continuous availability of quality power to avoid damage to critical equipment.

The use of microprocessor based equipment in manufacturing processes requires protection from outages to avoid unplanned & uncontrolled downtime.

Advantages of UPS PowerAdvantages of UPS Power

Protection Against Power Interruption Protection Against Power Interruption

The primary function of the UPS is to protect the downstream equipment from power fluctuations -

Sags or dips in voltage

Total absence of incoming voltage which can last milliseconds or minutes.

Advantages of UPS PowerAdvantages of UPS PowerSample of 7 Days Mains PowerSample of 7 Days Mains Power

Key UPS ComponentsKey UPS Components

Mode of OperationMode of Operation Normal UPS Operation

Bypass Operation

Battery Operation

True On Line UPS (Double Conversion)

Line Interactive UPS

Introduction To The UPSIntroduction To The UPS

INPUT SUPPLY

Key UPS ComponentsKey UPS Components

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

Rectifier Rectifier Rectifiers performance is typically qualified as 6 or 12 pulse. This determines the type of current reflected into the mains supply. A 12 pulse produces less “harmonic” or non linear current into the mains supply.

PWM IGBT Inverter PWM IGBT Inverter PWM stands for “Pulse Width Modulation”. This is the “State of the Art” inverter switching technology used to recreate the AC waveform from the DC supply.

The power module used in the inverter bridge is called an Insulate Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT).

Battery Design Life (Sealed Lead Acid)Battery Design Life (Sealed Lead Acid)The battery quality is determined by the “Battery Design Life”. Lower rated UPS systems (< 10kVA) use 5 year design life batteries.

Larger UPS systems typically use 10 year design life batteries and in some cases up to 15 years design life.

UPS Performance UPS Performance TerminologyTerminology

UPS Performance UPS Performance TerminologyTerminology

6 Pulse Current Waveform

12 Pulse Current Waveform

INPUT SUPPLY

Modes of OperationModes of OperationNormal - OnlineNormal - Online

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

INPUT SUPPLY

Modes of OperationModes of OperationBypass (Reserve)Bypass (Reserve)

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

INPUT SUPPLY

Modes of OperationModes of OperationBattery OperationBattery Operation

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

INPUT SUPPLY

True On line True On line TechnologyTechnology

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

True On Line UPSTrue On Line UPS(Double Conversion)(Double Conversion)

AdvantagesAdvantages

Continuous Regulation Of Output Voltage & Frequency

The load is supplied with conditioned power at all times.

Higher Reliability

UPS internal components are in continuous operation. The internal components are not in stand by operation to support the critical load.

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Efficiency

There is a cost of ownership due to heat losses

INPUT SUPPLY

Line Interactive UPSLine Interactive UPS

RESERVE

(BYPASS)

SUPPLY

INTERNAL BYPASS SUPPLY

RECTIFER INVERTER

RESERVE STATIC SWITCH

INVERTER STATIC SWITCH

BATTERIES

Interactive TechnologyInteractive Technology(Stand By Mode)(Stand By Mode)

AdvantagesAdvantages

Efficiency

Improved efficiency due to direct supply from mains

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Non-Regulated Output Supply

Direct mains supply exposes critical load to voltage & frequency variations

Lower Reliability

Internal components are rated for short term operation during power absences

Single UPSSingle UPS

Parallel UPSParallel UPS

Parallel Redundant (N+1)Parallel Redundant (N+1)

Independent Dual UPS (N+N)Independent Dual UPS (N+N)

UPS ConfigurationsUPS Configurations

Single UPS Single UPS (Single Input Supply)(Single Input Supply)

UPS DB No1

UPS Input Board

Typically for Lower rating UPS < 10kVA in single or three phase

Single UPS Single UPS (Dual Input Supply)(Dual Input Supply)

UPS Input Board

UPS DB No1

Typically for higher rating UPS > 10kVA three phase

Parallel UPSParallel UPS(2 units up)(2 units up)

Load requires all UPS available for supply capacity

All UPS can be considered as one UPS system

UPS DB No1UPS Input Board

Parallel Redundant Parallel Redundant (N+1)(N+1)(2 units up)(2 units up) Configuration allows for one UPS at a time to be isolated without removal of UPS supply.

The maximum load permissible on the UPS system is determined by capacity remaining with the removal of a single UPS unit

UPS DB No1UPS Input Board

Independent Dual UPS Independent Dual UPS (N+N)(N+N)

UPS DB No1

UPS DB No1

UPS Input Board

Dual plane installations. (Dual Cord Technology)

Higher reliability required and achieved due to duplication of all infrastructure to end equipment.

PurposePurpose

Facilitates transfer of output load UPS to an alternative supply source for UPS maintenance works or UPS replacement. Ensures no “LIVE” power is present on the UPS (OH&S).

Key FeaturesKey Features Make before break changeover facility

Interlock facility with UPS to inhibit transferring between two sources which are not synchronized.

Changeover switch can have 1-4 poles.

External Maintenance External Maintenance Bypass IntroductionBypass Introduction

Interlocking SystemsInterlocking Systems

Rotary Switches - Electro-mechanical via a solenoid or blocking relay which inhibits the rotation of the switch. A push button enables the switch to rotate and simultaneously transfers the UPS to static bypass

Mechanical Interlock which inhibits the rotation of the switch. A push button enables the switch to rotate and simultaneously transfers the UPS to static bypass during the transfer operation.

Circuit Breakers/ Switches - Mechanical inter-lock via two Fortress/Castell keys located in UPS output switchboard and a third key connected into UPS system transfer control. The changeover circuit breakers cannot be closed without the keys present.

External Maintenance External Maintenance Bypass IntroductionBypass Introduction

Rotary Wrap Around (3 Position)Rotary Wrap Around (3 Position)

Rotary Changeover (2 position)Rotary Changeover (2 position)

Keyed ChangeoverKeyed Changeover

External Maintenance External Maintenance Bypass ConfigurationsBypass Configurations

Rotary Wrap AroundRotary Wrap AroundExternal Bypass SwitchExternal Bypass Switch

UPS DB No1

UPS Input Board

3 PositionRotary Wrap Around

External Maintenance Bypass Switch

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

- Single supply required

Typically installed for single or three phase UPS up to 10kVA

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES

- 3 pole more expensive than 2 pole

- Bypass and UPS share one supply

Rotary ChangeoverRotary ChangeoverExternal Bypass SwitchExternal Bypass Switch

UPS DB No1

UPS Input Board

2 PositionRotary Changeover

External Maintenance Bypass Switch

Typically installed for 3 phase UPS systems from 10kVA to 160kVA

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES

- Less expensive than a 3 position

- Independent supply sources for UPS and Bypass

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES

- Requires second supply source from switchboard

Recommended DesignRecommended DesignTwo Position Rotary Two Position Rotary SwitchSwitch

FROM MAINTENANCE BYPASS SUPPLY CIRCUIT BREAKER

FROM UPS OUTPUT SUPPLY

TO UPS DISTRIBUTION BOARD

TO UPS EXTERNAL BYPASS INTERLOCK TERMINALS

PUSHBUTTON

INTERLOCKSOLENOID

Special feature - Safety interlock with maintenance bypass supply

Sample of aSample of aTwo Position SwitchTwo Position Switch

Typical InstallationTypical Installation

Utilized for large UPS systems with rating typically >160kVA

ReasonsReasons It is more cost effective to use circuit breaker or isolators >250A.

Higher fault current rating

External maintenance bypass is incorporated into UPS Input/Output Switchboards.

Keyed Change Over Keyed Change Over Bypass SwitchBypass Switch

Keyed Change Over Keyed Change Over Bypass SwitchBypass Switch

MAIN INPUT

ISOLATOR

UPS INPUT/OUTPUT SWITCHBOARD

RESERVESUPPLY

INPUTSUPPLY

EXTERNAL MAINTENANCEBYPASS SWITCH

UPS OUTPUTSWITCH

UPS DISTRIBUTION

KEY A

KEY A

KEY A

UPS UNIT

BATTERY

UPS “A” key when removed forcing UPS into Static Bypass

“A” key inserted into “External Maintenance Bypass Switch “to allow it to close and trap key”

“UPS Output Switch” opened releasing an “A” key to return to UPS system..

The Electrical Contractor is often the clients first port of call for power issues.

Power problems can be complex in their nature and require well integrated solutions.

It is recommended the UPS manufacturer designs, delivers and supports the resolution of these power issues.

UPS ManufacturersUPS Manufacturers‘Power Solutions’‘Power Solutions’

Stowe AustraStowe Australia Pty. Ltd lia Pty. Ltd Branch LocationsBranch LocationsStowe Australia Pty. Ltd

Offices

Head Office:

Rydalmere - Sydney

Branch Offices:

NSW:

Sydney CBD

Penrith

Newcastle

Wollongong

Nowra

Taree

Port Macquarie

QLDBrisbane – Eight Mile PlainsBrisbane - CBDGold CoastMacKay

Victoria Melbourne

ACT Canberra

Business Partners in Australia:AdelaideCairnsDarwinHobartPerthTownsville

Stowe Australia Pty. Ltd Stowe Australia Pty. Ltd CredentialsCredentials

Power Protection Power Protection Fujitsu Data Centre – Eight Mile Plains – 250Kva UPS

Amcor Fle

Discussion TopicsDiscussion Topics“Improving The Installation Process ”“Improving The Installation Process ”

UPS Delivery & PositioningCabling InformationCable Access Into UPSDC Cable & Battery InstallationCommunications & Interface CablesCommissioning Process