portable fire extinguisher

Sahadev Nagarkoti

Sr.fire officer

TIA Kathmandu

Easy to carry and operate

Saves lives and property

Early stage of development

Portable fire extinguisher

TO CONTROL OR EXTINGUISH SMALL OR INCIPIENT STAGE FIRES

and

PROTECT EVACUATION ROUTES

FIRE

FIRE CHEMISTRY

• Three components

• Need all three components to start a fire

• Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.

6

Principles of Fire Extinction

1. StarvationRemoval of un-burnt material from fire

area

7

Principles of Fire Extinction

2. SmotheringCutting off the supply of oxygen from fire area

8

Principles of Fire Extinction

3. Cooling Removal of heat from the burning

material/fire area

1.WHAT IS BURNING?2.IS THE FIRE CONTAINED?3.WHERE IS THE CLOSEST

EXTINGUISHER?4.IS THIS THE CORRECT

EXTINGUISHER?5.WHERE IS THE EXIT IN RELATION

TO THE FIRE?

Class C

Flammable gases

Natural Gas, Propane, CO

Class k

“Kitchen”

(Cooking Grease)

Class ACoal, Wood, Paper,

Cloth, Wax, Grease, Leather,

Plastic, Sugar, Grain, Hay,

Class B

FLAMABLE LIQUID

Gasoline, Kerosene, Turpentine, Alcohol

Class D

“Dents”

(Metals)

Class EElectric

fire

DISCHARGE HOSE

DISCHARGE NOZZLE

DISCHARGE ORIFICE

BODY

DATA PLATE

CARRYINGHANDLE

PRESSURE GAUGE(not found on CO2

extinguishers)

DISCHARGE LEVER

DISCHARGE LOCKING PINAND SEAL

• OLDER STYLE of labeling indicating suitability for use on class A, B, and C fires.

• NEWER STYLE of labeling that shows this extinguisher may be used on ordinary combustibles, flammable liquids, or electrical equipment fires.

For example, a simple water extinguisher might have a label like this…

…which means it should only be used on

Class A fires.

Dry Chemical Powder

.Water Extinguisher(

AWP) Chemical

Foam Extinguisher

Carbondioxide

Soda Acid

TYPES

effective on fire in small quantities of flammable liquids, grease etc , that is

class B fire,

By blanketing(smothering)

also used for class A fire because of 85% of weight of extinguisher

agent is water.

Bicarbonate of Soda

Foam stabilizing Agent

Aluminum Sulphate

T

CHANGE AFTER USE

CHECK LEVEL(3 MONTHS)

CHANGE CHEMICALS

AFTER 2 YEARS

WASHED PROPERLY AFTER USE

EXAMINE PERIODICAL

LYMaintenance

Stored pressure type

CARTRIDGE TYPE EXTINGUISHER

SUITABLE FOR CLASS A FIRE

SODIUMBICARBONATE SOLUTION

ACID CARTRIDGE

KEEP UPRIGHT

HIT THE PLUNGER

CLOSE NOZZLEAND SHAKE

PULL SAFETY PIN

EXTINGUISH THE FIRE

Do not use in electric fire

Take care while handling the acid

If contact with eyes , immediately wash with water

After use, don’t use hand to stir the solution

CHANGE AFTER USE

CHECK LEVEL(3 MONTHS)

CHANGE CHEMICALS

AFTER 2 YEARS

WASHED PROPERLY AFTER USE

EXAMINE PERIODICAL

LYMaintenance

COLOUR LESS , ODOURLESS ,HEAVIER THAN AIR

EFFECTIVE ON CLASS A, CLASS B AND CLASS E FIRE

EXTIGUISH FIRE BY SMOTHERING

Carry to the fire by handle and operate.

Take out the safety pin .

The discharged expels a cloud of Carbon dioxide gas with some snow through the horn

.

Direct steam to the base of fire.

Don’t use in open area because the gas is easily dispatch by wind.

Don’t hold the ‘horn’ as frostbite may occur.

The discharged horn should be appointed at the base of the fire

The gas is non-toxic but concentrations of over 4% by volume in confined areas may reduce the oxygen percentage.

So ventilate all windows and doors, etc.

Don’t expose to temperature over120* F

STORED PRESSURE

TYPE

CARTRIDGE OPERATED

TYPE

Mono ammonium phosphate +ammonium sulphate

N2 or

CO2

MULTI PURPOSE FIRE EXTINGUISHER(CLASS B,C,D ,E AND K

QUICK KNOCK DOWN

1.The handle is pushed down and puncturing the seal disc in the cartridge.

2.The pressure expels the DCP from the container.

3. The discharged is controlled by shot off nozzle .

4.The unit must in upright position.

5.For best result ,direct discharged at the edge of fire and progress forward by sweeping motion of the nozzle.

6.Use 6 to 8 feet distance on f lammable liquid fires. Care should be taken.

Don’t direct stream at f lammable fire

Don’t use in closed room

1.Flash back2.Adverse visibility

3.Breathing Difficulties4.Wind influence

5.Corrosive

Effective on class A fire

Agent is water

throw 30 -40 feet

Don’t over charged

It operates 60-120 secs

Never used for Class E fire

LOW at the base of the fire

the lever

from side to side (slowly)

WATCH the fire area

If the fire flares up again repeat!

If you can’t control the fire, LEAVE immediately!

Recharge or replace any used fire extinguisher!