political science ballb ist sem unit - 1. political science is a social science discipline that...

Political Science BALLB Ist sem

UNIT - 1

Political science is a social science discipline that deals with systems of

government and the analysis of political activity and political behavior.

Aristotle defined it as the study of the state. It deals extensively with the

theory and practice of politics, and the analysis of political systems,

political behavior, and political culture. Political scientists "see themselves

engaged in revealing the relationships underlying political events and

conditions, and from these revelations they attempt to construct general

principles about the way the world of politics works

1) Political Science is a science

2) Political Science is not a science

Political Science emerged as a science of the

city state. Political thinker expressed opinions

described values and formulated principles on

political science such as liberalism, idealism

etc.

1) Study of State

2) Study of Men

3) Study of Government

4) Study of Political Ideas

5) Study of Political Concepts

6) Study of Constitution

7) Study of International Relations

A nation or territory considered as an

organized political community under

one government

1) Population

2) Territory

3) Government

4) Sovereignty

1) Devine Theory

2) Natural Theory

3) Force Theory

4) Historical / Evolutionary Theory

5) Social Contract Theory

6) Marxist Theory

1) Idealistic Theory of State

2) Organic Theory of State

3) Anarchist Theory of State

4) Individualist Theory of State

5) Positive Liberal Theory of State

6) Marxist Theory of State

7) Functional Theory of State

UNIT - 2

Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview

founded on ideas of liberty (which is especially

stressed in classical liberalism) and equality

(which is more evident in social liberalism).

A political and economic theory of social

organization which advocates that the means of

production, distribution, and exchange should

be owned or regulated by the community as a

whole

Gandhism is a body of ideas and

principles that describes the inspiration,

vision and the life work of Mahatma

Gandhi. It is particularly associated with

his contributions to the idea of nonviolent

resistance, sometimes also called civil

resistance

In political theory, sovereignty is a

substantive term designating supreme

authority over some polity. It is a basic

principle underlying the dominant

Westphalian model of state foundation

1) Legal Sovereignty

2) Political Sovereignty

UNIT - 3

In social science and politics, power is

the ability to influence or control the

behavior of people. The term authority

is often used for power perceived as

legitimate by the social structure

1) Private Power

2) Public Power

3) Economic Power

4) Political Power

5) Ideological Power

The word Authority is used in the name of an

organization, this name usually refers to the

governing body upon which such authority is

vested

1) Charismatic Authority

2) Traditional Authority

3) Rational Legal Authority

4) Political Authority

In political science, legitimacy is the popular

acceptance of an authority, usually a governing

law or a régime

Liberty consists of the social and political

freedoms guaranteed to all citizens

1) Natural Liberty

2) Moral Liberty

3) Civil Liberty

4) Political Liberty

5) Economic Liberty

6) Social Liberty

7) Cultural Liberty

8) National Liberty

9) International Liberty

UNIT - 4

A system of government by the whole

population or all the eligible members of a state,

typically through elected representatives

1) Direct Democracy

2) Indirect Democracy

Dictatorship is a form of government where

political authority is monopolized by a single

person or political entity, and exercised through

various mechanisms to ensure the entity's

power remains strong

Full Definition of MILITARY GOVERNMENT. : the

government established by a military commander in

conquered territory to administer the military law

declared by him under military authority applicable to

all persons in the conquered territory and superseding

any incompatible local law — compare military law

A unitary system of government, or unitary state, is a

sovereign state governed as a single entity. The central

government is supreme, and the administrative

divisions exercise only powers that the central

government has delegated to them

1) A Strong Centre

2) Single Citizenship

3) Single Constitution for Union and States

4) Centre Can Change Name and Boundaries of States

5) Single Unified Judiciary

6) Unitary in Emergencies

7) Common All-India Services

8) Inequality of Representation in the Council of States

9) Appointment of Governor by President10) Appointment of the High Court Judges by the

President

The structure of federal governments vary. Based on a

broad definition of a basic federalism, there are two or

more levels of government that exist within an

established territory and govern through common

institutions with overlapping or shared powers as

prescribed by a constitution

1) Supremacy of constitution

2) Written and Rigid constitution

3) Two types of Government

4) Division of Powers

5) Independent Judiciary

6) Dual Citizenship

Legislature is Supreme governing body in the

system

Executive is neither elected by, nor responsible

to Parliament

UNIT - 5

1) Legislature

2) Executive

3) Judiciary

Modern democracy is indirect democracy of

representative democracy. Voters elect

representative to perform the function of

legislature on their behalf

This concept came about through the process

of urbanization and other political and social

forces. For the first time, it became important

what people thought, as forms of political

contention changed

Public participation is the process by which an organization

consults with interested or affected individuals, organizations, and

government entities before making a decision. Public

participation is two-way communication and collaborative problem

solving with the goal of achieving better and more acceptable

decisions