plant transport lecture plants need a way to transport materials through their bodies, too. vascular...

PLANT TRANSPORT LECTUREPLANT TRANSPORT LECTURE

Plants need a way to transport materials through their bodies, too.

Vascular tissue – cells used by plant to transport nutrients and water.

Types of Vascular TissueTypes of Vascular Tissue

XYLEM – Dead cells that form “pipes” to carry water from roots through leaves.

PHLOEM – Tubes made from living cells to transport food; phloem = food

Types of Vascular TissueTypes of Vascular Tissue

XYLEM – Only carries UP

PHLOEM – Carries food in all directions (UP and DOWN)

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Definition – Have only one cotyledon (embryo leaf).

Example – Corn, grass, tulips.

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Stem pattern – Scattered xylem and phloem.

LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM

SMALL CELLS ARE PHLOEM

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Root pattern – fibrous

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – ring

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Leaf pattern – veins are parallel

MONOCOTSMONOCOTS

Flower pattern – parts are in multiple of 3’s.

DICOTSDICOTS

Definition – Have two cotyledons (embryo leaves).

Example – Trees, beans, carrots.

DICOTSDICOTS

Stem pattern – Ring-shaped xylem and phloem.

LARGE CELLS ARE XYLEM

SMALL CELLS ON OUTSIDE ARE PHLOEM

DICOTSDICOTS

Root pattern – taproot

DICOTSDICOTS

Root pattern (xylem and phloem) – X-shape

DICOTSDICOTS

Leaf pattern – veins are branched.

DICOTSDICOTS

Flower pattern – parts are in multiples of 4’s or 5’s.

MATERIALS TRANSPORTEDMATERIALS TRANSPORTED

XYLEM – WATER

DISSOLVED MINERALSHORMONES

PHLOEM – FOOD/SUGAR

OXYGENHORMONES

GIRDLINGGIRDLING

Definition – Removing bark from a tree; fluid leaks out.Why is fluid sweet? Cutting phloem that transports sap (food).

End result – Tree dies.

GIRDLINGGIRDLING

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?

Successive Osmosis – Water flows high to low

Soil root hairs epidermis cortex xylem

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?

Cohesion of water molecules – Water is “sticky”

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?

Transpiration – Leaves “sweat” water which pulls water up xylem tube.

More than 90% of water absorbed is lost by leaves.

Ex. Tomato plant loses 25 gallons of water per season; corn plant loses 51 gallons.

HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?HOW DOES XYLEM WORK?

Turgor presure – Weight of soil pushes down on roots and squeezes water up.

Monocot or Dicot?

Dicot Monocot

Monocot or Dicot?

Dicot

DICOT ROOTDICOT ROOT

1 - Epidermis

2 - Cortex

Where would root hairs be?

How would you know where the starch is?