perspective an overview

PerspectiveAn OverviewSLEIGHTS OF MIND

SAIL PRESENTATION FEBRUARY 25, 2013

STERN AND LUSK

1842-1910

William James: CONSCIOUSNESS

According to James, consciousness is the starting place of all psychology; themost crucial aspect of human mentality.But, it was a phenomenon too familiar tobe given a definition. James believedthat everyone took themselves to be possessors of conscious states that were accessible by introspection—the mostfundamental of all the postulates of psychology. “I would discard all curious inquiries about its certainty as too metaphysical…”

Principles of Psychology, 1890

Sigmund Freud1856 - 1939

“What is meant by consciousness we need not discuss; it is beyond all doubt.”

Perspectives will both facilitate

& constrain perception

1842-1910

William James: ATTENTION

“Everyone knows what attention is. It is the taking possession by the mind, in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneouslypossible objects or trains of thought. Focalization, concentration, ofconsciousness are of its essence. Itimplies withdrawal from some things in order to deal effectively with others.” Principles of Psychology, 1890

The Burke Theorem

Kenneth BurkeLiterary Philosopher

1897-1993

“A way of seeing is also a way of not seeing - a focus upon object A involves a neglect of object B.”

Visual Illusions

Believing is

Seeing

Jesus Fishstick

Jesus Potato Chip

Madonna Toast

Nun in a Bun

Faces . . . Everywhere

Face on Mars

Face on Mars

Happy Face on Mars

Believing is

Seeing

Allport & Postman

Believing is

SeeingPriming

Cowboy crossingthe creek

Priming

Michael ShermerPriming

GALLUP POLL

Seeing is

Deceiving

Linear Perspective

Visual Illusions

Shapiro LabIllusions

Seeing is

DeceivingCartography - Blue & Red

Seeing is

DeceivingThe Peters map

LOCUS OF CONTROL