personal air sampling

Personal Air SamplingPersonal Air SamplingIntroduction & History

Goal of Personal SamplingGoal of Personal Sampling

• Collect an air sample representative of a worker’sBreathing Zone

Representative Air SampleRepresentative Air Sample

• Conducted over theentire work shift

• Collects air aroundthe worker’s face

• Doesn’t get in the wayof doing the job

• Provides a reliableflow rate & volume

Personal Sampling History Personal Sampling History

The first personal air samplers were developed for sampling coal mine workers for coal dust exposure in underground coal mines.

Timeline: US AgenciesTimeline: US Agencies

• 1910 Bureau of Mines• 1913 Department of Labor• 1915 Public Health Service• *************************• 1969 MSHA• 1970 OSHA & EPA

Earliest SamplingEarliest Sampling

• The earliest personal monitoring was done with a manual pump, hand-operated by a second person

• The pump was developed by the US Bureau of Mines in 1937, and collected the dust in a water medium using impingers.

First Battery Operated Personal First Battery Operated Personal Monitoring PumpsMonitoring Pumps

• In 1957 the first battery operated personal pumps were used, made under contract for the US Bureau of Mines

• Sampling is now collected onto filters, using size selective cyclones

Personal Pump HistoryPersonal Pump History

• 1937- Hand operated pump for US coal mines• 1957 – First battery operated personal monitoring pumps

used in US coal mines• 1962 – Commercial pumps first sold in US & Europe• 1973 – Low flow pump & sorbent tubes• 1975 – Constant flow pumps• 1976 – High/Low flow combo pumps• 1980 – Digital calibrators• 1982 – High/Low/Constant Flow pump

Personal Air Sampling PumpsPersonal Air Sampling Pumps

• Personal Pump High Flow• Flow rates from 1 to 5 LPM• Examples: Lead, Asbestos, Dust• Accessories: Filters, Cyclones, Impingers

MSHA 30 CFR Part 74MSHA 30 CFR Part 74Coal Dust Sample RequirementsCoal Dust Sample Requirements

• Size and weight limitations• Air exhausts inside the case• On-off switch & flow control protected• Pulsation control• Battery operated & charged in place• Visual flow rate indicator• Flow control to +/- 5%

Personal High Flow PumpPersonal High Flow Pump

Personal Air Sampling PumpsPersonal Air Sampling Pumps

Personal Pump Low Flow• Flow Rates from 20 to 300cc/min • Examples: Hydrocarbon Solvents

(Benzene) Chlorinated Solvents (Methylene Chloride) & Alcohols

• Accessories: Sorbent Tubes (Charcoal Tubes)

Personal Low Flow PumpPersonal Low Flow Pump

Personal Air Sampling PumpsPersonal Air Sampling Pumps

Constant Flow Control• Works like the cruise control on a car• Senses when the flow rate is trying to drop and speeds

up the pump• Maintains the flow rate at ± 5% of set flow

Personal Air Sampling PumpsPersonal Air Sampling Pumps

Multi-flow Low Flow Pumps• Constant pressure control allows two to four

simultaneous samples using special manifolds• A constant low pressure level is maintained in the

connection tubing• Flow rate is controlled with a needle valve on each tube

holder

Universal Tube Holder SystemUniversal Tube Holder System

Constant Flow vs. Constant Flow vs. Constant PressureConstant Pressure

Sampling AccessoriesSampling Accessories

Cyclone SamplersImpingers

Charcoal Tubes

Filter Cassettes

Sorbent TubesSorbent Tubes

Three-piece Filter CassetteThree-piece Filter Cassette

Personal Cyclone SamplerPersonal Cyclone Sampler

Calibration Setup with Calibration Setup with Filter CassetteFilter Cassette

Air Sampling Pump CalibrationAir Sampling Pump Calibration

Primary Air Flow CalibratorPrimary Air Flow Calibrator

Measures airflow using a

Measured volume

Secondary Air Flow CalibratorSecondary Air Flow Calibrator

Gauge to measure flow.

Requires comparative validation

NIST TraceableNIST Traceable

Documented trail to National Institute for Science & Technology

Cyclone Calibration JarCyclone Calibration Jar

Multi-flow CalibrationMulti-flow Calibration

Back PressureBack Pressure

Measuring Back PressureMeasuring Back Pressure

IH TimelineIH Timeline

• 1939 – AIHA founded• 1970 – OSHA, NIOSH, EPA• 1984 – Asbestos Act• 1990s – Industry downsizing• 1999-2000 – Slow industry recovery

AIHA MembershipAIHA Membership

• 1939 – 160 members• 1970 – 1650 members• 1980 – 5000 members• 1985 – 6300 members• 1991 – 10,000 members• 1996 – 12,500 members• 2011 - 10,240 members

Personal Pump TrendsPersonal Pump Trends

• 1960s – Make it work• 1970s – Make it smaller• 1980s – Add features• 1990s – Better value• 2000s – Make it smarter

www.Sensidyne.comwww.Sensidyne.com 800-451-9444 / 727-530-3602