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IntroductionEvery word in the English language falls into one or more categories. These categories determine how a word functions in a sentence to produce meaning. These categories are called the parts of speech.
The basic parts of speech are: noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, conjunction, preposition, and interjection.
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ObjectivesBy the end of this tutorial, you should be able to:
• Recognize the eight parts of speech
• Identify the parts of speech in sentences
DirectionsIn the first section, you will be introduced to the eight parts of speech and examples of each.
You must correctly answer a multiple choice question about each term before moving on to the next.
But don’t worry – you’ll be given a chance to review and re-do a question if you answer incorrectly.
Noun
A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
Nouns can be either common or proper.
Nouns are also either concrete or abstract.
Definition:
Common Noun
A common noun names any person, place, thing, or idea. Common nouns are NOT capitalized.
Examples:
Definition:
girl, school, team, happiness
Proper Noun
A proper noun names a specific person, place, thing, or idea. Proper nouns are capitalized.
Examples:
Definition:
Ms. Altermatt, Millennium Middle School, Detroit Tigers
Concrete Noun
A concrete noun names something you see, hear, smell, taste, or touch. In other words, concrete nouns are nouns you can experience through your senses.
Examples:
Definition:
girl, Ms. Altermatt, school, Millennium Middle School, team, Detroit Tigers
Abstract Noun
An abstract noun names ideas, feelings, and characteristics
Examples:
Definition:
bravery, love, happiness
NounExamples:
boy, school, pen (common)
Johnny, Millennium Middle School, Sharpie (proper)
girl, bedroom, tree (concrete)
love, daydream, boredom (abstract)
NounAnother example:
Jennifer realized that summer was over when a cool breeze blew as the sun slowly set.
Which of the following has all the nouns correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
I saw the white bird flying in the sky.
The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking.
The white bird soared over the bustling city.
Try Again
Remember: A noun is a word that names a person, place, thing, or idea.
A noun often has a describing word right in front of it.
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!
Click the arrow to continue.
“The sight of the white bird flying in the sky was breathtaking,” has the nouns correctly underlined. Sight is an abstract noun. It is a thing, but you cannot touch it. Bird is also a thing. Sky is a place.
VerbA verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.
Definition:
Verbs can be either action verbs or linking verbs.
Action Verb
An action verb is a word that shows an action.
Examples:
Definition:
crashed, swim, writes, sings, painted
State of Being Verb
A state of being verb, or linking verb, is a word that connects a noun, pronoun, or adjective to its subject.
Examples:
Definition:
am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been
VerbMore examples:
The wind blows through the air. (Action)
She leaped out of her seat. (Action)
She is a beautiful baby. (State of Being)
He felt sad that day. (State of Being)
His temper was explosive. (State of Being)
He is in the hall.
He was late for class.
He ran down the hall.
Which of the following does NOT contain an example of a state of being verb?(Click on a sentence to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Read the question carefully before
answering!
Try AgainTake another look at the possible answers.
He is in the hall.
He was late for class.
He ran down the hall.
There are 2 types of verbs – action and state of being
• Action verbs show what someone or something is doing
• State of being verbs show the condition or position something is in.
Which one of the above sentences does not show state of being?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!“He ran down the hall” does not show state of being because “ran” is an action. It is what “he” is doing.
Click the arrow to continue.
AdjectiveDefinition:
An adjective is a word used to describe or modify a noun.
An adjective tells what kind: big book red car iced coffee
An adjective tells which one: those wheels that disc these earrings
An adjective tells how many: three amigos some shirts many hours
AdjectiveMore information:
A, an, and the are special adjectives called articles.
This, that, these, and those are called demonstrative adjectives.
Examples:• The scared, young girl stood on the stage.• This red McIntosh apple has a fat, green
worm in it.
The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion.
The lazy dog sat on that soft cushion.
The German shepherd chewed on the sofa
cushion.
The German shepherd chewed on that sofa
cushion.
Which of the following has all the adjectives correctly underlined?(Click on the circle to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainTake another look at these examples.
Click the arrow to try again.
• The lazy dog sat on the soft cushion.
• The lazy dog sat on that soft cushion.
• The German shepherd chewed on the sofa cushion.
• The German shepherd chewed on that sofa cushion.
Remember: All of the following words are adjectives -- a, an, the, this, that, these, and those
You’re Right!
“The German shepherd chewed on that sofa cushion,”
has the adjectives underlined correctly. German
describes the type of shepherd, sofa describes the
cushion, the is an article, and that is a demonstrative
adjective.
AdverbTake a look at the following sentences where the adverbs are correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.
Brad walked very quickly to class.
Proudly, Ashley beamed after getting her science test back.
Finally, the bell rang to end the day.
Six swans swam serenely in the pond.
AdverbHave you figured it out yet?
Here are more examples to help refine your definition.
Contains an adverb After a week of waiting anxiously, Tom’s letter finally arrived yesterday.
Does NOT contain an adverb Tom’s letter came in the mail.
A word that modifies or describes a verb
A word that tells who, what, or when
A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
None of the above
Which of the following is the best definition for adverb?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainLook at this example.
Yesterday, six swans swam very swiftly, yet gracefully, through the water.
Think about what is described.
What information is being added to the sentence?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!
An adverb is used to tell more about or modify a verb, adjective or other adverb. Adverbs often tell how, when, where, or to what extent something is happening.
Adverbs are often formed by adding –ly to an adjective (slowly, quickly, helpfully).
PronounThink about the following sentences where pronouns are underlined correctly. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.
He took his one-ton backpack home.
PronounMore examples:
You could have knocked me over with a feather.
Johnny, get yourself to my office right away!
A word that describes a person
A word that shortens the action in the sentence
A word that takes the place of a noun
A word used in the place of an adjective
Which of the following is the best definition for pronoun?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainThink about the examples again.
You could have knocked me over with a feather.
Johnny, get yourself to my office right away!
Are these taking the place of other words?
What kind of words are they replacing?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!Pronouns are words that are substitutes for nouns in a sentence.
Pronouns are used to make writing more concise, less wordy.
Be careful with pronouns. If you use too many then your writing becomes vague and confusing.
Conjunction
Start thinking about what you think is best definition for this part of speech.
Take a look at the following sentences where the conjunctions are correctly underlined.
Charlie and his dog sprinted across the field.
Charlie stopped, but his dog kept going.
Should Charlie chase the dog or go home for dinner?
Conjunctions
More examples:
The boys and girls filled the halls and classrooms.
It was strange that they didn’t bring paper or pencils.
I was happy and sad at the same time; happy that school was starting, but sad that summer was over.
A word that replaces a verb
A word that joins words or groups of words
A word that only describes actions
Which of the following is the best definition for a conjunction?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainThink carefully about the words and, but, and or.
What purpose are they serving in the sentence?
Do they add description or help make connections?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!Conjunctions are words that join words or phrases in a sentence. Conjunctions are also used in join ideas in compound sentences.
Examples of compound sentences are: The boy forgot his homework. The boy bravely went to class.The boy forgot his homework, but bravely went to class.
PrepositionsA preposition is a word or phrase that shows how a noun or a pronoun relates to another word in a sentence.
Think of it this way:
Definition:
A preposition helps to show relationships. For example, on and above show a relationship between the ball and the table.
PrepositionsThe following is a list of commonly used prepositions.
about
above
across
after
against
along
among
around
at
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
between
beyond
but
by
down
during
for
from
in
inside
into
like
near
of
off
on
onto
out
outside
over
past
through
to
toward
under
underneath
until
up
upon
with
without
PrepositionsMore examples:
The car danced across the icy road.
The car skidded through the tunnel.
The stars in the clear night sky winked at me.
Suddenly the snow fell from the sky.
The wind juggled the tree’s leaves.
The wind blew the leaves from the trees.
The wind moved the leaves from the tree.
Which of the following sentences has the preposition underlined correctly?(Click on a circle to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainThink carefully about the choices.
The wind juggled the tree’s leaves.
The wind blew the leaves from the tree.
The wind moved the leaves from the tree.
Two of theses sentences contain the same preposition, but only one has it underlined correctly. Which one?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!“The wind blew the leaves from the tree” has the preposition underlined correctly. The word from gives the relationship of the leaves to the tree.
InterjectionTake a look at the following sentences where the interjections are
correctly underlined. You will later select the best definition for this part of speech.
Whoa baby! My parents just bought me a Wii!
They asked me if I was happy, but all I could say was, oh my gosh.
Yippee! I can’t wait to show my friends.
Dude, they are going to be so jealous.
InterjectionHave you figured it out yet?
Here are more examples to help refine your definition.
Contains an interjection Wow! I can’t believe how lucky I am.
Does NOT contain an interjection I am a very lucky person.
A word that suggests dialogue
A word that describes who, what, or when
A word or phrase that expresses strong emotion
None of the above
Which of the following is the best definition for interjection?(Click on a definition to select your answer.)
Click this arrow if you’d like to review before answering.
Try AgainLook at this example.
Yippee! I can’t wait to tell my friends.
Think about what is happening in the sentences.
What information is being added to the sentence?
Click the arrow to try again.
You’re Right!Interjections are words or phrases that
express strong emotion like pain or surprise, but otherwise have no meaning.
Interjections are generally set apart from a sentence by an exclamation point or by a comma when the feeling is not as strong.
Wow! Hey!Oh my gosh!
Part TwoDirections
You’ve made it through the first part of the tutorial!
Now you will be given poems and asked to choose which part of speech is shown.
You will be able to look back at a definition page to help you along the way.
DefinitionsNoun: A word used to name a person, place, or thing
Verb: A word used to show action or state of being
Adjective: A word that describes a noun
Adverb: A word that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun or noun phrase
Conjunction: A word used to link words, phrases, or clauses
Preposition: A word that shows how a noun relates to another word in the sentence
Interjection: A word or phrase that expresses strong emotionClick on the button to return to the previous slide.
Untitled
Bang! The starter’s gun—thin raindrops
sprint.
-Dorthi CharlesKnock at a Star
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?(Click on the part of speech to select your answer.)
Noun Preposition
Adverb Interjection
Click this button if you’d like to review the definition page before answering.
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used when the poet says, “Bang!”
Click the arrow to try again.
Noun: a word that names a person, place, or thing
Adverb: a words that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Preposition: a word that show how a noun relates to another word in the sentence
Interjection: A word that expresses strong emotion
You’re Right!
When Dorthi Charlies wrote, “Bang!”, she was using an interjection.
“Bang” is a sound word that expresses surprise.
“The Wind”
The wind stood up, and gave a shout;He whistled on his fingers, and
Kicked the withered leaves about,And thumped the branches with his hand,
And said he’ll kill, and kill, and kill;And so he will! And so he will!
- James StephensKnock at a Star
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Noun Verb
Adverb Adjective
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being highlighted when the poet says, “The wind stood up, and gave a shout / He whistled on his fingers”.
Click the arrow to try again.
Noun: A word that names a person, place, or thing
Verb: A word that shows action or state of being
Adjective: A word that describes a noun
Adverb: A word that describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb
You’re Right!When James Stephens wrote, “He whistled on his fingers / Kicked the withered leaves about / And thumped the branches with his hand,” he was using strong action verbs.
He brought imagery and action to the wind.
“The Runner”
On a flat road runs the well-trained runner,He is lean and sinewy with muscular legs,He is thinly clothed, he leans forward as he runs,With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised.
- Walt WhitmanKnock at a Star
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Conjunction Adjective
Preposition Pronoun
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which figure of speech is being used when the poet says, “On a flat road/With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised”.
Click the arrow to try again.
Conjunction: A word that connects words and phrases
Preposition: A word that shows how a noun relates to another word in the sentence
Adjective: A word that describes a noun
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun
You’re Right!When Walt Whitman wrote,
“On a flat road runs the well-trained runner,He is lean and sinewy with muscular legs,He is thinly clothed, he leans forward as he runs,With lightly closed fists and arms partially raised.”
He used prepositional phrases to show how the runner (noun) related to the road (another noun). He also shows how the runner’s legs and fists relate using prepositional phrases.
“Peach”
Touch it to your cheek and it’s softas a velvet newborn mousewho has to strive to be alive.
Bite in. Runnyhoney blooms on your tongue-as if you’ve bitten opena whole hive.And so he will! And so he will!
- Rose RauterKnock at a Star
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Adverb Interjection
Pronoun Adjective
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide what role each highlighted word has when the poet says, “It’s soft as a velvet newborn mouse”.
Click the arrow to try again.
Adverb: A word describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun
Interjection: A word that shows strong emotion
Adjective: A word that describes a noun
You’re Right!When Rose Rauter wrote, “It’s soft as a velvet newborn mouse”, she was using adjectives to describe a peach (noun) which is the topic of her poem.
Excerpt from “I’m Proud of My Preposterpus”
I’m proud of my Preposterpus,so ponderous and pale,I love the way it whistleswhen it swizzles ginger ale.It’s magnificent in stature,fully twenty-four feet tall,so it tends to draw attention when I take it to the mall.
- Jack PretulskyA Pizza the Size of the Sun
Which figure of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Verb Adverb
Adjective Pronoun
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide what role the highlighted words are playing in the poem when the poet says, “I’m proud of my Preposterpus / so ponderous and pale / It’s magnificent in stature”.
Click the arrow to try again.
Verb: A word that expresses action or state of being
Adjective: A word that describes a noun
Adverb: A word that describes a verb, adjective, or another adverb
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun
You’re Right!When Jack Prelutsky wrote, “I’m proud of my Preposterpus / so ponderous and pale”, he was using adjectives.
He is describing the narrator (person) with proud and describing his Preposterous (thing) with my, ponderous, and pale.
“Dreams”
Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged birdThat cannot fly. Hold fast to dreamsFor when dreams goLife is a barren fieldFrozen with snow.
- Langston HughesThe Dream Keeper and Other Poems
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Noun Pronoun
Verb Adjective
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used in each highlighted word when the poet says, “Life is a broken-winged bird / That cannot fly / Life is a barren field / Frozen with snow.”
Click the arrow to try again.
Noun: A word the names a person, place, or thing
Verb: A word that shows actions or state of being
Adjective: A word describing a noun
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun
You’re Right!When Langston Hughes wrote, “Life is a broken-winged bird / That cannot fly”, he was using nouns.
Life and bird are both things. Life is an abstract noun. Bird is a concrete noun
“A Pizza the Size of the Sun”
I’m making a pizza the size of the sun,a pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton,
a pizza too massive to pick up and toss,a pizza resplendent with oceans of sauce.
I’m topping my pizza with mountains of cheese,with acres of peppers, pimentos, and peas,
with mushrooms, tomatoes, and sausage galore,with every last olive they had at the store.
My pizza is sure to be one of a kind,my pizza will leave other pizzas behind,
my pizza will be a delectable treatthat all who love pizza are welcome to eat.
The oven is hot, I believe it will takea year and a half for my pizza to bake.I hardly can wait till my pizza is done,
my wonderful pizza is the size of the sun.- Jack Pretulsky
A Pizza the Size of the Sun
Which part of speech is highlighted in the above poem?
Pronoun Adjective
Noun Conjunction
Try AgainTake a look at the definitions below and decide which part of speech is being used in the highlighted words,
“I’m making a pizza the size of the sun / a pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton”.
Click the arrow to try again.
Pronoun: A word that replaces a noun
Noun: A word naming a person, place, or thing
Adjective: A word describing a noun
Conjunction: A word used to link words, phrases, or sentences
You’re Right!When Jack Prelutsky wrote, “I’m making a pizza the size of the sun / A pizza that’s sure to weigh more than a ton,” he was using nouns.
Pizza and sun are concrete nouns. Size and ton are abstract nouns.
Congratulations, You’re Done!
You’ve completed the entire tutorial. You were able to recognize and identify eight parts of speech.
Important: Keep this screen open and raise your hand to show your teacher that you have reached
this final page.
While you’re waiting, you should start working on the 3-2-1, Summary! on the back of your notes
sheet. Click the arrow to see the bibliography for this tutorial.
BibliographyHughes, Langston. The Dream Keeper and Other Poems. New
York : Scholastic, Inc., 1996.
Kennedy, X. J., and Kennedy, Dorothy. Knock at a Star. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1999.
Prelutsky, Jack. A Pizza the Size of the Sun. New York : Scholastic, Inc., 1996.
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