other methods of art

Other Methods of ART

Ainil Fadia Binti Khairuman082013100003

Introduction

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) Application of laboratory or clinical technology

to gametes (human egg or sperm) and/or embryos for the purposes of reproduction.

Assisted reproductive technology (ART)

• Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)• Third Party Assisted ART Sperm Donation Egg Donation Surrogates and Gestational Carriers• Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)• Gamete intrafallopian transfer

(GIFT).• Intracytoplasmic sperm injection

(ICSI)

Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)

• Sperm of the best quality that have been washed and concentrated are placed directly in the uterus

• Done between day 12 and day 16 of the monthly cycle• Placed in a small catheter to insert the sperm into the womb• Can be used in combination with medications that stimulate

ovulation - increase the chance of pregnancy in some cases• Intrauterine insemination is used most often in couples who have:o Semen allergyo Cervical mucous too thicko Low sperm count and mobilityo Retrograde ejaculation

Sperm donation

• People use donated sperm when: o A man does not produce spermo Produces very low numbers of

spermo Genetic disease.

• Can be used with intrauterine insemination or with IVF

Egg Donation

• An egg donor undergoes ovary stimulation and egg retrieval steps of IVF.

• The donated egg can then be fertilized by sperm

• Resulting embryo is placed into the woman's uterus.

• Egg donation may be particularly helpful for women who:

Have had surgical removal of the ovaries Were born without ovaries Are carriers of known genetic diseases Woman does not produce healthy eggs that

can be fertilized.

Surrogates and Gestational Carriers

• A surrogate is a woman inseminated with sperm from the male partner of the couple.

• Resulting child will be biologically related to the surrogate and to the male partner.

• Surrogacy can be used when the female of the couple does not produce healthy eggs that can be fertilized.

• A gestational carrier is implanted with an embryo that is not biologically related to her.

• Used when a woman produces healthy eggs but is unable to carry a pregnancy to term.

• Egg or sperm donation can be used in this situation.

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).

• Developed in 1984 • Eggs are combined with sperm

in a dish • Surgically injected into your

fallopian tubes using a laparoscope or fiber-thin tube.

• Fertilization happens inside the body

• The embryo implants naturally.

Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)

• Eggs are mixed with the sperm in a petri dish

• The fertilized eggs (zygote) are placed in the fallopian tubes within 24 hours.

• No longer commonly performed because it has a lower success rate than IVF.

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

• One of the partner's sperm is placed inside the egg with a microscopic needle

• Once fertilization occurs, the resulting embryo is placed in the uterus.

References

• http://www.mayoclinic.org/• http://www.webmd.com/• http://www.hfea.gov.uk/• https://www.nichd.nih.gov• http://www.babycenter.com/