oracle upgrade11gr1 workshop1
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Move to Oracle Database 11g – The whole Story
Mike DietrichDatabase Upgrade & Utilities
ORACLE Corporation
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 2
Welcome!!!
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 3
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 4
Preparation
Agenda
Support PolicyPatches
CertificationDocumentationUpgrade paths
InstallationEditions
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 5
t2008
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2002
2009
2010
today
Lifetime Support Policy
2011
2012
2013
2014
Sustaining Support
Premier Support
R2July 2007
Extended SupportJuly 2010
January 2009 January 2012
R2 July 2010 July 2013
http://www.oracle.com/support/library/brochure/lifetime-support-technology.pdf
2015
2016
August 2012 August 2015
July 2008
July 2011
R2
2017
2018
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 6
Lifetime Support Policy
NoNo����������������Certification with new Oracle ProductsCertification with new Oracle Products
NoNo����������������Certification with existing Third Party Certification with existing Third Party
Products/VersionsProducts/Versions
NoNoNoNo��������Certification with New Third Party Certification with New Third Party
Products/VersionsProducts/Versions
NoNo����������������Upgrade ScriptsUpgrade Scripts
NoNo����������������Tax, Legal and Regulatory UpdatesTax, Legal and Regulatory Updates
PrePre--existing Onlyexisting Only����������������Updates, Fixes, Security Alerts and Critical Patch Updates, Fixes, Security Alerts and Critical Patch
UpdatesUpdates
������������������������Access to Knowledge BaseAccess to Knowledge Base
(MetaLink/Customer Connection/SupportWeb)(MetaLink/Customer Connection/SupportWeb)
������������������������Technical SupportTechnical Support
������������������������Major Product and Technology ReleasesMajor Product and Technology Releases
Sustaining
Support
Extended
Support
Premier
Support
Feature
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 7
Lifetime Support Policy
• See:http://www.oracle.com/support/library/brochure/lifetime-support-technology.pdf
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 8
Releases – Support-SRs
12%
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 9
Upgrade to Oracle Database 11g
R2R2
R2R2
≥≥≥≥ 10.2.0.210.2.0.210.2.0.210.2.0.2≥≥≥≥ 10.2.0.210.2.0.210.2.0.210.2.0.2
10.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.510.1.0.5
R2R2
≥≥≥≥ 7.3.47.3.47.3.47.3.4≥≥≥≥ 7.3.47.3.47.3.47.3.4
≥≥≥≥ 8.0.68.0.68.0.68.0.6≥≥≥≥ 8.0.68.0.68.0.68.0.6
≥≥≥≥ 8.1.7.48.1.7.48.1.7.48.1.7.4≥≥≥≥ 8.1.7.48.1.7.48.1.7.48.1.7.4
≥≥≥≥ 9.0.1.49.0.1.49.0.1.49.0.1.4≥≥≥≥ 9.0.1.49.0.1.49.0.1.49.0.1.4
9.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.89.2.0.8
≥≥≥≥ 9.2.0.49.2.0.49.2.0.49.2.0.4≥≥≥≥ 9.2.0.49.2.0.49.2.0.49.2.0.4
"Empty" arrows mean: no specific patch release required
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 10
Recommended Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 11
Recommended Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 12
Recommended Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 13
• Note 161818.1
Important Alerts?
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 14
• Note:454507.1Support Status and Alerts for Oracle 11g Release 1 (11.1.0.X)
Upgrade Information / Alerts
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 15
• Note 738538.1 Known Issues specific to the 11.1.0.7 Patch Set
Upgrade Information / Alerts
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 16
• Note 738538.1 Known Issues specific to the 11.1.0.7 Patch Set
Upgrade Information / Alerts
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 17
• Why DST timezone patches? (DST: Daylight Savings Time)• The date for moving to DST has been changed for 7 different
timezones since 2007• HST - EST - MST - EST5EDT - MST7MDT - CST6CDT - PST8PDT
• Current DST definitions are included from within the following patch set
• 10.2.0.4• Oracle Database 11g requires timezone version V.4
• Oracle 9i: Timezone V1• Oracle 10g: Timezone V2
• Without timezone V4 no upgrade to Oracle Database 11g will be possible!!!
Timezone Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 18
• Summary – 4 important ML notes:• Note 414590.1: FAQ and Issues
• Note 413671.1: Timezone V4 - Checks and Links to the Patches
•
• Note 359145.1: Links to download utltzuv2.sql
• Note 396387.1: Explanations• Run script utltzuv2.sql to recognize TIMESTAMP WITH TIMEZONE• Files timezone.dat and timezlrg.dat will be applied
Timezone Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 19
• Timezone How To:• Download the right patch according to the table in Note 413671.1
• Download the script utltzuv2.sql according to Note 359145.1
• Run the script utltzuv2.sql in your current source database
• Apply files timezone.dat and timezlrg.dat to the source $ORACLE_HOME/oracore/zoneinfo directory with either Opatchor manually and restart the database
Timezone Patches
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 20
Verify Database Creation Wordsize - 10.2.0.3
• Has the database been created originally in a 32-bit environment and is now on a 64-bit platform?•
• Happens in 10.2.0.3 - see Note:412271.1• Apply patch:5871314 and patch:5892355 if:
• KOPM$.METADATA contains 'B023'� created in 32-bit env
• Don't apply patch if:• KOPM$.METADATA contains 'B047'� created in 64-bit env
• Database version is 10.2.0.4
select decode(instr(metadata,'B023'),0,
'64bit Database','32bit Database') "DB Creation"
from kopm$;
select decode(instr(metadata,'B023'),0,
'64bit Database','32bit Database') "DB Creation"
from kopm$;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 21
Related to Database Creation Wordsize - 11gR1
• Database upgrade to 11.1.0.6:• Delete orphan rows from KOTTD$
• Apply patch 6770913
• Database upgrade to 11.1.0.7:• Delete orphan rows from KOTTD$
• No patches necessary
• If result is not null:
• See Note:579523.1 - bug:6770913
select sys_nc_oid$ from kottd$ where sys_nc_oid$
not in (select oid$ from obj$ where type#=13);
select sys_nc_oid$ from kottd$ where sys_nc_oid$
not in (select oid$ from obj$ where type#=13);
delete from kottd$ where sys_nc_oid$ not in
(select oid$ from obj$ where type#=13);
commit;
delete from kottd$ where sys_nc_oid$ not in
(select oid$ from obj$ where type#=13);
commit;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 22
Oracle Certification
•
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 23
Recommended OS patches and settings
• Note: 169706.1
• Note: 401705.1 Linux x86, x86-64, and s390x Requirements Reference List
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 24
Upgrade is easier!
• The upgrade to Oracle Database 11g is much easier than any upgrades to earlier Oracle releases
• Size of Upgrade guides:• 8.1.7 - 512 pages
• 9.0.1 - 484 pages – 111 steps for an RDBMS with 9 components
• 9.2.0 - 344 pages
• 10.1.0 - 170 pages - only 6 stepsl!!!
• 10.2.0 - 140 pages
• 11.1.0 - 186 pages - now detailed explanations andinformation about new options included
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 25
Upgrade Length
• How long will the upgrade taketo complete?• Independent of:
• Size of the database
• Used datatypes
• Dependent on:• The number of objects needing upgrading
• Thus: the number of installed options/components
• Valid and non-stale data dictionary statistics
• Number of synonyms – they‘ll get recompiled (upgrade from 9i)
• Number of objects in XDB
• Number of rows in SYS.AUD$
• At a very low rate if COMPATIBLE will be increased:
• Number of datafiles
• Size of redo logs
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 26
Documentation
• Note: 466181.1 Upgrade Companion 10gR2
• Note: 601807.1 Upgrade Companion 11g
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 27
Documentation
• Note: 601807.1 Upgrade Companion 11g
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 28
Documentation
• Note: 601807.1 Upgrade Companion 11g
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 29
Documentation
• Upgrade Guide
•
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/toc.htm
• Note:429825.1Complete Checklist for Manual Upgrades to 11gR1
• Note: 421191.1Complete checklist for manual upgrades from X to Y
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 30
Database.us.oracle.com: Upgrade Page
• http://database.us.oracle.com
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 31
OTN Upgrade Page
• http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/oracle11g/upgrade/index.html
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 32
OTN Upgrade Forum
• http://forums.oracle.com/forums/forum.jspa?forumID=583&start=0
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 33
42 External 11g References 1/2
01-JUL-2009
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 34
42 External 11g References 2/2
01-JUL-2009
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 35
Upgrade Paths
Stay on same OS?Stay on same OS?NN YY
UPGRADEUPGRADEExport/ImportExport/Import
CTAS, COPYCTAS, COPY
Transportable TablespacesTransportable Tablespaces
Transportable DatabaseTransportable Database
Oracle StreamsOracle Streams
DBUA DBUA
Downtime >45min?Downtime >45min?
YY
NN
SQL ApplySQL Apply
ORACLE recommended
ORACLE recommended
CLI CLI SQL> @catupgrd
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 36
Preparation
• Get INVALID Objects:
Recompile invalid objects in SYS and SYSTEM with utlrp.sql• Compare invalid objects from before and after the upgrade
• Beginning with 11.1.0.7 the comparison has been automated• registry$sys_inv_objs, registry$nonsys_inv_objs => utluiobj.sql
• Get accurate performance statistics• Comparison: before ↔ after• Time specific queries and batches
• Test upgrade of the database• Functional tests• Performance tests with real life loads!!!
SQL> SELECT UNIQUE object_name, object_type, ownerFROM dba_objects WHERE status='INVALID';
SQL> SELECT UNIQUE object_name, object_type, ownerFROM dba_objects WHERE status='INVALID';
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 37
Preparation
• Possibilities for performance analysis:• STATSPACK – export Perfstat user!!!
• Note:394937.1 STATSPACK guide
• Note:466350.1 STATSPACK before/after upgrade
• AWR - extract the AWR
• Do AWR diff reports comparing before/after upgrade
• Real Application Testing
• SQL Performance Analyzer
• Database Replay
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 38
Preparation
• If upgrading from 10g or 11g, purge the recyclebin
SQL> purge DBA_RECYCLEBIN;SQL> purge DBA_RECYCLEBIN;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 39
Preparation
• Remove from your init.ora/spfile:• Underscore parameter
• e.g. _always_anti_join=off, _bloom_filter_enabled = FALSE etc.
• Events• e.g. event="10235 trace name context forever, level 512"
• To the previous release related parameter• e.g. optimizer_features_enabled=9.2.0
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 40
Preparation
• Create dictionary statistics prior to the upgrade - otherwise it will take significantly longer
• Or in / :
BEGINdbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('SYS',options => 'GATHER',estimate_percent => DBMS_STATS.AUTO_SAMPLE_SIZE,method_opt => 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE AUTO',cascade => TRUE);
END;
/
BEGINdbms_stats.gather_schema_stats('SYS',options => 'GATHER',estimate_percent => DBMS_STATS.AUTO_SAMPLE_SIZE,method_opt => 'FOR ALL COLUMNS SIZE AUTO',cascade => TRUE);
END;
/
SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_dictionary_stats;SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_dictionary_stats;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 41
Preparation
• Switch off DATABASE VAULT (if used/installed)• Oracle® Database Vault Administrator's Guide: Appendix B
• Unix: (simplified)
• Relinking without Database Vault[$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk dv_off ]
•
• Windows:
• Rename oradv10.dll in ORACLE_HOME\bin
• Upon restart:
• After upgrading relink with dv_on or rename the DLL and enable Database Vault again:
$ dvca -action disable ...$ dvca -action disable ...
$ dvca -action disable ...$ dvca -action disable ...
$ dvca -action enable ...$ dvca -action enable ...
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 42
Preparation
• Drop table SYS.PLAN_TABLE$ and the public synonym PUBLIC.PLAN_TABLE
• See Alert-Note:782735.1 and Notes: 605317.1 and 736353.1
• Otherwise the component "Oracle Server" can be INVALID after the upgrade
• Applies to 10.2.0.4 and further releases
• Introduced with DBMS_SQLPA
• Steps to solve this issue if it has happened:• @catplan.sql -- recreate the plan table
@dbmsxpln.sql -- reload dbms_xplan spec
@prvtxpln.plb -- reload dbms_xplan implementation
@prvtspao.plb -- reload dbms_sqlpa
alter package SYS.DBMS_SUMADVISOR compile ;
alter package SYS.DBMS_SUMADVISOR compile body;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 43
Installation
• Space / resource requirements• Software installation:
• 150-200 MB in /tmp or \TEMP necessary• Between 2.7 GB (Windows), 3.5 GB (Linux) and 6.9 GB (HP-UX)
• Seed database: ≥ 1,6 GB• Seed databases (ORCL) are always prebuilt EE databases with all options!!!
• RAM: ≥ 1GB
• Swapspace
• RAM up to 2048Mb → 1.5x RAM• RAM between 2049Mb and 8192Mb → 1x RAM• RAM more than 8192Mb → 0.75x RAM
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 44
Installation
• How to access the software?• Download from OTN:http://otn.oracle.com/software/index.html
• Metalink:
• http://edelivery.oracle.com/
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 45
Installation
• Download from OTN:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 46
Installation
• DVD contents?• Database
• Enterprise Edition• Standard Edition• Personal Edition (Windows)
• Client• Clusterware
• Extra: Examples (formerly known as companion)• Required Products• Oracle Globalization Support Demos• Oracle Multimedia Demos• Oracle Precompiler Demos• Oracle Spatial Demos• Oracle SQLJ Demos• Oracle XML Demos• Oracle JDBC Development Drivers• Oracle Text Knowledge Base
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 47
Installation
• Pre-installation checks:
• Warning: 500MB swap space needed – also on Windows!!!
• Ask support before installing with:./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 48
Installation - Loopback Adapter for DBcontrol
• Microsoft Loopback Adapter is recommended if IP address is distributed via DHCP• Install the MS Loopback Adapter
• Launch the Add Hardware wizard and install a new network adapter - manufacturer is Microsoft
• Adjust this adapter to be the primary network adapter
• My Network Places => Properties => TCP/IP
• IP address: 10.10.10.10
• Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
• Edit:
• \windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts• 10.10.10.10 mycomputer.mydomain.com mycomputer
• http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32006/reqs.htm#sthref291
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 49
Installation - Loopback Adapter for DBcontrol
• Launch the Windows Add Hardware Wizard
• Choose Yes, I've already connected the hardware ...
• Scoll down to Add a new hardware device
• Choose Install the hardware that I manually select ...
• Select Network Adapters:
• Click on Manufacturer Microsoft
• Install the Loopback Adapter
• Make the Loopback Adapterthe FIRST network card in TCP/IP properties!!
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 50
Installation
•
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 51
Installation
•
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 52
Installation
•
Important:„CUSTOM“ ALWAYS installs
Enterprise Edition
Important:„CUSTOM“ ALWAYS installs
Enterprise Edition
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 53
Installation
• Custom installation:• 10gR2 doc installation guide
• 11gR1 doc installation guidehttp://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32002/install_overview.htm#BABEGJFD
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 54
Patch Set Installation
• Install patch sets and patches before you start the upgrade
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 55
Patch Set Update (PSU) Installation
• Install PSUs as well• See Note:854428.1: Introduction to Database Patch Set Updates
• PSU patches are intended to be low-risk.Included in the criteria for the bug fixes in the Database PSU are:• Critical technical issues with fixes that may affect a large number of customers and that are already proven in the field
• Critical Patch Update fixes
• PSU patches do not include:• Changes that require re-certification
• Fixes that require configuration changes
• Typically 50-100 new bug fixes - cummulative
• Guaranteed to be RAC rolling installable
• Change the fifth digit of the release number, e.g. 10.2.0.4.3
• Will be released 4x per year such as CPUs on the same schedule• Platforms: HP-UX Itanium and PA-RISC64, AIX, Linux x86 and x86-64, Solaris SPARC64
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 56
Unattended Installation/Configuration
• Two options:
• Oracle Universal Installer OUI• ./runInstaller -record -destinationFile ...
• ./runInstaller -silent -noconsole -responseFile ...
• But this has to be done for a patch set, too
• Home Cloning (script or Provisioning Pack)• Prepare a fully patched Oracle Home
• Create an archive consisting of all files
• Exclude *log, *dbf, tnsnames/listener/sqlnet.ora
• ./runInstaller -silent -clone -...
• Listener Configuration• ./netca /silent /responseFile $OH/inventory/response/netca.rsp
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 57
Installation
• Overview on differences of database editions and available options by edition• Feature differences:Note.465465.1Differences Between Enterprise, Standard and Personal Editions on Oracle 10.2
• Oracle® Database Licensing Information11g Release 1 (11.1)Part Number B28287-01
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/license.111/b28287/editions.htm
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 58
Installation
• Windows OS - Home Selector :
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 59
Listener Configuration
• Best Practices- strongly recommended:Create a new listener environment with NETCA:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 60
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practice
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 61
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
• Features:• Graphically led upgrade• Lots of important checks• RAC aware - inclusion of all nodes
• for RAC (almost) a must !!!
• Offline Backup and Restore possible• ASM upgrade• Oracle XE upgrade• Patch upgrades
• Logs:• $ORACLE_HOME/cfgtoollogs/dbua
• Documentation:• Oracle® Database Upgrade Guide
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/toc.htm
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 62
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
• Silent mode:• $ dbua –help shows all valid options
• See doc: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/upgrade.htm
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 63
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
• dbua [ -silent ] [ -sid SID ] [-oracleHome home_name][-oracleBase base_name] [-diagnosticDest diagnostic_destination]
[-sysDBAUserName SYSDBA_user] [-sysDBAPassword SYSDBA_pwd] [-upgradeASM] [-autoextendFiles] [-newGlobalDbName db_name]
[-newSid new_SID] [-generateMapFile] [-useASM]
[-commonFileLocation common_files] [-omfLocation omf_area] [-databaseMapFile map_file_name] [-newRecoveryArea recover_area]
[-newRecoveryAreaSize recover_size] [-apexAdminPassword apex_pwd][-disableUpgradeScriptLogging ] [-backupLocation directory]
[-sysauxTablespace -datafileName name -datafileSize size -datafileSizeNext size -datafileSizeMax size]
[-postUpgradeScripts script [, script ] ... ]
[-initParam parameter=value [, parameter=value ] ... ] [-disableArchiveLogMode] [-recompile_invalid_objects true | false]
[-degree_of_parallelism cpu_number] [-emConfiguration {CENTRAL|LOCAL|ALL|NOBACKUP|NOEMAIL|NONE}
-dbsnmpPassword password -sysmanPassword password
-asmPassword password -hostUserName hostname-hostUserPassword password -backupSchedule hh:mm
[-smtpServer server_name -emailAddress address][-centralAgent location] [-localRacSid SID]]
[-recoveryAreaDestination directory]
[-h|-help]
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 64
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
• Example:
dbua -silent -sid dwh
-oracleHome /opt/oracle/product/RDBMS10g
-diagnosticDest /opt/oracle/diag
-sysDBAUserName sys
-sysDBAPassword manager
-recompile_invalid_objects true
-degree_of_parallelism 4
-emConfiguration LOCAL
-dbsnmpPassword manager
-sysmanPassword manager
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 65
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
• Before you start DBUA:• Run $OH_11g/rdbms/admin/utlu111i.sql in your current environment
• Check especially the components status in DBA_REGISTRY
• To remove (or reinstall) components manually:Note:472937.1 Information On Installed Database ComponentsNote:753041.1 How to diagnose Components with NON VALID status
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 66
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 67
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 68
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 69
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 70
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 71
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 72
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 73
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 74
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 75
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 76
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
From 11g on alwaysSECURESECURESECURESECURE
From 11g on alwaysSECURESECURESECURESECURE
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 77
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 78
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 79
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 80
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 81
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 82
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 83
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 84
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 85
Database Upgrade Assistant (GUI)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 86
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practice
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 87
Command Line Upgrade
• Typical scenario: e.g. changing to a new server
Server(OLD) Server(NEW)
3) Run utlu111i.sql4) Shutdown database5) Copy all relevant files
(dbf, ctl, log, spfile, orapw)
1) Install Oracle11g software2) Copy utlu111i.sql
6) Apply suggested changes7) Start the upgrade process
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 88
Command Line Upgrade
• Step-by-step:1. Complete online backup of the database
2. Install 11g Oracle software and apply patch set 11.1.0.7
3. Analyze the DB using utlu111i.sql and follow all requirements given by the script
4. Create a new 11g listener with NETCA
5. Switch to the new environment, startup the DB (startup upgrade) and create the SYSAUX tablespace (if source db is an Oracle 9i db)
6. Run upgrade script catupgrd.sql
7. Recompile with utlrp.sql - compare with utluiobj.sql
8. Run catuppst.sql if you are upgrading from ≥10g
9. Check the post upgrade status: utlu111s.sql
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 89
Command Line Upgrade
• Upgrade information script: utlu111i.sql• Run in the environment of the source database
• Checks all init parameters and displays warnings for obsolete and deprecated parameters
• Checks
• Components
• Tablespace SYSAUX
• National Characterset
• Timezone file version check
• Cluster check
Info
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 90
Command Line Upgrade
• utlu111i.sql: DB info and time zone check? (see also PREPARATION)
• DST (Daylight Savings Time) patches for Version V4 have to beapplied as a requirement for the upgrade to Oracle Database 11g
• REGISTRY$DATABASE ==> TZ_VERSION=4
�
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© 2009 Oracle Corporation 91
Command Line Upgrade
•utlu111i.sql: Tablespaces adequate size?
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 92
Command Line Upgrade
•utlu111i.sql: Init parameter changes?
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 93
Command Line Upgrade
• utlu111i.sql: Components and options?
• Annotation:You'll have to install all options installed for the release you are upgrading from – otherwise some components can’t be upgraded
• To remove (or reinstall) components manually:Note:472937.1 Information On Installed Database ComponentsNote:753041.1 How to diagnose Components with NON VALID status
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 94
Command Line Upgrade - 10gR2
•utlu102i.sql: Typical pitfalls
• Ideally includethe Companion-CD's"Oracle Database Products"in all installations:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 95
Command Line Upgrade
• Create Dictionary statistics
• Shutdown the database (IMMEDIATE/NORMAL)
• Adjust init parameters:• COMPATIBLE ≥ 10.1.0
• SGA_TARGET ≥ 340MB (32-bit) ... ≥ 640MB (64-bit)
• PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET ≥ 25MB
• LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT must contain %s, %t and %r
• Move init.ora/SPFILE and PWDsid.ora to their new location
• Create a new 11g-Listener (use the NETCA)
• Change environment to point to the new $ORACLE_HOME
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 96
Command Line Upgrade
• Windows only:• Delete the old Service:
> oradim -DELETE -SID ORCL
• Create a new Service:
> oradim -NEW-SID ORCL-SYSPWD passwrd-STARTMODE a-PFILE initfile
ORADIM creates a logfile in %ORACLE_HOME%\database
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 97
SQL> STARTUP UPGRADE;SQL> STARTUP UPGRADE;
• Supresses unnecessary error messages likeORA-00942: table or view does not exist -thus logfiles will be easier to read and check
Command Line Upgrade
Taken from an example alert.log
ALTER SYSTEM SET _system_trig_enabled=FALSE SCOPE=MEMORY;Autotune of undo retention is turned off.
ALTER SYSTEM SET _undo_autotune=FALSE SCOPE=MEMORY;
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_retention=900 SCOPE=MEMORY;ALTER SYSTEM SET aq_tm_processes=0 SCOPE=MEMORY;
ALTER SYSTEM SET enable_ddl_logging=FALSE SCOPE=MEMORY;Resource Manager disabled during database migration: plan '' not set
ALTER SYSTEM SET resource_manager_plan='' SCOPE=MEMORY;Resource Manager disabled during database migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 98
Command Line Upgrade
• Create tablespace SYSAUX (only if source is a 9i db) :
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE sysauxDATAFILE 'file' SIZE 500MEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALSEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTOONLINE;
SQL> CREATE TABLESPACE sysauxDATAFILE 'file' SIZE 500MEXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCALSEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTOONLINE;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 99
Command Line Upgrade
• One upgrade scripts for all releases and all components:
• Useful:
• Database will be shutdown when script has been completed
• Generate fixed object stats:
SQL> @catupgrd.sqlSQL> @catupgrd.sql
SQL> SPOOL c:\temp\upgrade.logSQL> SPOOL c:\temp\upgrade.log
SQL> executedbms_stats.gather_fixed_objects_stats;
SQL> executedbms_stats.gather_fixed_objects_stats;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 100
• Recompilation:• utlrp.sql
• Calls utlprp.sql with CPU_COUNT-1
• Determines automatically if serial or parallel recompilation with multiple threads can be done
• Recompiles all INVALID objects
• Utilizes package utl_recomp
• Re-enables functional indexes automatically
• utlprp.sql can be called directly like:
• SQL> @utlprp 7
• This can be useful to minimize CPU usage
Command Line Upgrade
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 101
• Progress during recompilation :
Command Line Upgrade
1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining.This number should decrease with time.SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far.This number should increase with time.SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
3. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP.SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobsWHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
4. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running.SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobsWHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
1. Query returning the number of invalid objects remaining.This number should decrease with time.SELECT COUNT(*) FROM obj$ WHERE status IN (4, 5, 6);
2. Query returning the number of objects compiled so far.This number should increase with time.SELECT COUNT(*) FROM UTL_RECOMP_COMPILED;
3. Query showing jobs created by UTL_RECOMP.SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_jobsWHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
4. Query showing UTL_RECOMP jobs that are running.SELECT job_name FROM dba_scheduler_running_jobsWHERE job_name like 'UTL_RECOMP_SLAVE_%';
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 102
• Post upgrade script: catuppst.sql• Only necessary when upgrading from ≥10.1
• Located in ?/rdbms/admin
• Database is not in upgrade mode anymore
• Can be run concurrently with utlrp.sql• Upgrade Automatic Workload repository (AWR) baseline information
• Upgrade ADDM task metadata
• Update Oracle Label security (OLS) policies
Command Line Upgrade
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 103
• Post upgrade script: utlu111s.sql• Run against new database in 11g environment
• Checks the upgrade results according to DBA_REGISTRY
• Displays duration of the upgrade per component and in total
Command Line UpgradeStatus
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 104
Command Line Upgrade
• Post upgrade script: utlu111s.sqlSQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu111s.sql
Oracle Database 11.1 Post-Upgrade Status Tool 05-06-2009 11:23:33
Component Status Version HH:MM:SS
Oracle Server VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:16:17
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:05:19
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:01:01
Oracle Enterprise Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:10:13
Oracle XDK VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:48
Oracle Text VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:58
Oracle XML Database VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:04:09
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:33
Oracle Multimedia VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:07:43
Oracle Expression Filter VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:18
Oracle Rule Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:12
Gathering Statistics 00:04:53
Total Upgrade Time: 00:52:31
SQL> @?/rdbms/admin/utlu111s.sql
Oracle Database 11.1 Post-Upgrade Status Tool 05-06-2009 11:23:33
Component Status Version HH:MM:SS
Oracle Server VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:16:17
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:05:19
Oracle Workspace Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:01:01
Oracle Enterprise Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:10:13
Oracle XDK VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:48
Oracle Text VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:58
Oracle XML Database VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:04:09
Oracle Database Java Packages VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:33
Oracle Multimedia VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:07:43
Oracle Expression Filter VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:18
Oracle Rule Manager VALID 11.1.0.7.0 00:00:12
Gathering Statistics 00:04:53
Total Upgrade Time: 00:52:31
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 105
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practice
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 106
Post Upgrade - SPFILE
• Always create an editable init.ora from the current SPFILE after the upgrade has been finished
• SPFILE is:• It’s a binary file!!!
• Default since Oracle 9.0
• It simply exists after using DBUA or DBCA
• Parameter can be changed by:
or:
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
Now edit init.ora with an editor:SQL> startup force pfile=initDB.oraSQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
Now edit init.ora with an editor:SQL> startup force pfile=initDB.oraSQL> create spfile from pfile;
SQL> alter system set PARAMETER=VALUE scope=both;SQL> alter system set PARAMETER=VALUE scope=both;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 107
Post Upgrade
• Create system statistics during a regular workload period -otherwise non-appropriate values for the CBO will be used:
SQL> select pname NAME, pval1 VALUE, pval2 INFOfrom aux_stats$;
NAME VALUE INFO-------------------- ---------- ------------------------------STATUS COMPLETEDDSTART 04-03-2008 12:30DSTOP 05-03-2008 12:30FLAGS 1CPUSPEEDNW 1392,39IOSEEKTIM 11,405IOTFRSPEED 25595,605...
SQL> select pname NAME, pval1 VALUE, pval2 INFOfrom aux_stats$;
NAME VALUE INFO-------------------- ---------- ------------------------------STATUS COMPLETEDDSTART 04-03-2008 12:30DSTOP 05-03-2008 12:30FLAGS 1CPUSPEEDNW 1392,39IOSEEKTIM 11,405IOTFRSPEED 25595,605...
SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('start');...SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('stop');
SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('start');...SQL> EXECUTE dbms_stats.gather_system_stats('stop');
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 108
Post Upgrade
• Create fixed table statistics directly after catupgrd.sql has been completed:
• Otherwise it can happen that MMON will cause too much CPU load
SQL> executedbms_stats.gather_fixed_objects_stats;
SQL> executedbms_stats.gather_fixed_objects_stats;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 109
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practice
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 110
Upgrade Alternatives
• Export/Import
• DataPump
• Transportable Tablespaces
• Streams
• Logical Standby
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 111
Upgrade Alternatives
• Export/Import• All-purpose
• Import possible for ≥ Oracle V5
• Export is not supported anymore in Oracle 11g
• Time and resource consuming
• Necessary or useful for:• Changing the character set
• Changing the OS platform before Oracle 10gR2
• Consolidating schemas
• All non-supported upgrade releases (like 8.1.6)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 112
Upgrade Alternatives
• Export/Import• Changing the character set
• Changing the Database Character SetNote: 225912.1
• Use Scanner Utility CSscan before altering the DB Character setNote: 123670.1
• Unicode
• Problem can be:Umlaut Ä in WE8ISO... = 1 ByteUmlaut Ä in UTF8 = 2 Byte
• Important Unicode Notes on Metalink:Note: 260893.1 and Note: 788156.1
• WE8ISO8859P1 ==> P15: Note 257722.1
• Character Set Migration - White Paper:• http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/globalization/pdf/mwp.pdf
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 113
Upgrade Alternatives
• Hints and tricks• Transfer dump files always in BINARY mode• Do full database export always as user SYSTEM
• GRANTs on SYS's objects have to be exported seperately
• Import takes approximately 3x times as long as Export• Export always with the lowest involved database version• Import always with imp of target database
• See also: Note:286775.1
• Export performance• DIRECT=Y ... bypasses SQL-Layer, but no conversions!• Parallelize export by dividing into logical independent chunks of data
• Import performance• Increase BUFFER• INDEXES=N ... build indexes later in parallel ... INDEXFILE=...• Parameter COMMIT_WRITE=NOWAIT (10g) or COMMIT_WAIT=NOWAIT (11g) during import
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 114
Upgrade Alternatives
• Data Pump• Goal:
• Much faster and more flexible than exp/imp
• Concept:• Use impdp through a database link to transport the data into a new database without dumping the data to disk
• Pros & Cons:+ All advantages of the datapump concept+ No dumpfile will be created (so no additional IO)+ Very simple to realize- Works only with 10.1.0.2 and above
• For documentation see:Oracle® Database Utilities
• Further information and examples: Note:553337.1
IMPDP usr1/password NETWORK_LINK=db_link1 FULL=Y IMPDP usr1/password NETWORK_LINK=db_link1 FULL=Y
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 115
Upgrade Alternatives
• Transportable Tablespaces• Goal:
• Minimal downtime
• Concept:• Tablespaces and metadata will be just transported from one database to another and plugged in
• Pros&Cons:+ "Can be" extremely fast- SYSTEM+SYSAUX tablespaces won't get transported - so additional tasks are required to get views, synonyms etc. moved into the new database
- Full backup necessary afterwards
• Cases and White Papers on OTN:• Amadeus Customer Case
http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/AmadeusProfile_TTS.pdf
• For TTS White Papers see the MAA webpage: http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/htdocs/maa.htm
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 116
Upgrade Alternatives
• General Transportable Tablespaces feature• Available since Oracle 8i
Target DBSource DB
imp meta data
Copy datafiles
exp meta data
Read Only
Read Write
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 117
Upgrade Alternatives
• TTS x-platform (v$transportable_platform):
FILE
COPY
FILE
COPY
Big EndianLittle Endian RMANconvert
HP Open VMSHP Tru64 UNIX
Linux IA (32-bit)Linux IA (64-bit)Linux 64-bit for AMD
Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit)Microsoft Windows 64-bit for AMDMicrosoft Windows IA (32-bit)
Solaris Operating System (x86)
Apple Mac OS
HP-UX (64-bit)HP-UX IA (64-bit)
AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)IBM zSeries Based LinuxIBM Power Based Linux
Solaris[tm] OE (32-bit)Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 118
Upgrade Alternatives
Source DB
Import non-segment
user data (views etc.)
10.2.0.4 11.1.0.7
Target DB
Create new
Transport
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 119
Upgrade Alternatives
• Transportable Tablespaces - 3 ways• The "brutal" way
• Full exp/imp with ROWS=N
• The "smart" way
• Generate scripts
• String concatenation with || ...
• DBMS_METADATA
• The "very smart" way
• RMAN clone with SKIP TABLESPACES option
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 120
Upgrade Alternatives
• Transportable Tablespaces - Information• For TTS White Papers see the MAA webpage:
http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/htdocs/maa.htm
• Database Upgrades using TTS: http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/maa_wp_11g_upgradetts.pdf
• Database Upgrades using Transportable Database (RMAN): http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/MAA_WP_10gR2_PlatformMigration
TDB.pdf
• Transportable Database - Information• Note: 413586.1
How To Use RMAN CONVERT DATABASE for Cross Platform Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 121
Upgrade Alternatives
• Oracle Streams• Goal:
• Least downtime
• Concept:• Build up a second database, run it synchronized with Streams andswitch over to the new db at any time
• Pros&Cons:+ Operation in parallel+ Possibility of changing the platform environment- Logminer has some datatype restrictions- Effort is relatively high and source db must be at least 9.2
• For a detailed documentation see:Oracle® Streams Concepts and Administration: Appendix Dhttp://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28321/ap_strup.htm#i642623
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 122
Upgrade Alternatives
• Logical Standby (Data Guard)• Goal:
• Minimal downtime
• Concept:• Upgrade will be done on the standby first• Afterwards: Switchover - standby will be now prod system• Now upgrade on ex-prod - switchover back to start layout
• Pros&Cons:+ Downtime ~2min for both switchovers- No changes of the OS platform possible- Logminer has some datatype restrictions- Some effort to setup and prod must be at least 10.1.0.3
+ But beginning with 11g:Transient Logical Standby utilizes an existing Physical Standby database for the rolling upgrade process
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 123
Logical Standby configuration
Clients Redo
10.1.0.3 10.1.0.3
1
LP
Switchover (role change),
then upgrade on L (ex-P)
Redo
4
Upgrade
11.1.0.711.1.0.7
PL
"Mixed setup" for testing
Redo
3
11.1.0.710.1.0.3
P L
Upgrade node L to 11.1
Upgrade
Log
ARCH
10.1.0.3
2
11.1.0.7
P L
Upgrade Alternatives
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 124
Upgrade Alternatives
• How to:• Patches, Links and Restrictions: Note: 300479.1
• Please see the documentation!!!http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28294/create_ls.htm#g105412
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28294/rollup.htm#BABJIDHI
• Note:748595.1 (how to create a logical standby from a physical)
• White Paper (see OTN.oracle.com => High Availability => MAA):Database Upgrades using SQL Applyhttp://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/maa_wp_10gr2_rollingupgradebestpractices.pdf
Database Upgrades using a Transient Logical Standbyhttp://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/maa_wp_11g_transientlogicalrollingupgrade.pdf
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 125
PRODPRODPRODPROD PSTBYPSTBYPSTBYPSTBYGuaranteed
Restore Point Guaranteed
Restore Point
LogminerBuild
LogminerBuild LSTBYLSTBYLSTBYLSTBY
Upgrade with DBUA Upgrade with DBUA
KEEP IDENTITY
PRODPRODPRODPRODSWITCHOVER
GuaranteedRestore Point Guaranteed
Restore Point
FLASHBACKDATABASE TO:
PRODPRODPRODPROD
New $OHNew $OH
SWITCHOVER
t t
LSTBYLSTBYLSTBYLSTBY
PSTBYPSTBYPSTBYPSTBY
PSTBYPSTBYPSTBYPSTBY
synchronize
synchronize
synchronize
Upgrade Alternatives – Transient Standby
��������
��������
��������
��������
����������������
��������
����������������
Upgrade via
Logshipping:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 126
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 127
CRS Upgrade
• Always install into the existing CRS Home
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 128
CRS Upgrade
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 129
CRS Upgrade
• Documentation:• Oracle Clusterware Administration and Deployment Guide 11g
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/rac.111/b28255/toc.htm
• CRS Rolling Upgrade:• Note: 338706.1: Oracle Clusterware Rolling Upgrades
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 130
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 131
ASM Upgrade
• Upgrade an ASM instance with DBUA:http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/upgrade.htm#BABGEDJI
• Upgrade an ASM instance manually:• http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/upgrade.htm#BABHJIFJ
• ASM Rolling Upgrade (only in clustered environments):http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b31107/asminst.htm#OSTMG02400
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 132
ASM Upgrade using DBUA
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 133
ASM Upgrade using DBUA
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 134
CRS - ASM - DB Compatibility
Note:337737.1
!
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 135
CRS - ASM - DB Upgrade
• Reconfigure Oracle Cluster Synchronization Services• Upgrading a single-instance ASM requires that Oracle Cluster
Synchronization Services (CSS) first be configured to run from the new Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (11.1) home. To do this you need to run the following command before upgrading ASM:
• localconfig reset [destination_Oracle_home]
• Prepare the new ASM Home• Copy config files ... $OH/dbs/...
• Copy password file
• Adjust init.ora
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 136
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
Database Upgrade AssistantCommand Line Upgrade
Post UpgradeAlternatives
CRS UpgradeASM Upgrade
Migration
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 137
Platform Migration
• Data Guard Physical Standby• Goal:
• Platform migration between with a Physical Standby
• Concept:• Build a physical standby database and do a switchover
• Pros&Cons:+ Only 1 minute downtime for a complete platform migration+ Simple to setup+ For Oracle 9.2.0.7+8 and 10.2.0.2+3+4:HP-PA 11.23 HP-IA64
+ Since Oracle 11g: Win Linux• For supported combinations see: Note:413484.1
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 138
OS change on HP: PA RISC ���� IA64
• Migration from HP PA-RISC (64bit) to HP Itanium ia64 Note:266220.11) Complete valid backup
2) Trace the controlfile• SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace;
3) Shutdown immediate (or normal)
4) Copy all datafiles
5) Startup nomount
6) Create a new controlfile
7) Possibly rebuild the JVM • SQL> create or replace java system;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 139
ASM Migration
• Migration to ASM• Option 1: RMAN• Option 2: Physical standby
• Simple switchover will do the migration to ASM• Just 1 minute downtime
• See:
http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/availability/pdf/maa_wp_10gr2_asmmigrationwithdg.pdf
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 140
RAC Migration
• Migration from Single Instance to RAC:• Option 1: rconfig utility
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b28264/cvrt2rac.htm#BABGGEGJ
• Modify $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/rconfig/sampleXMLs/ConvertToRAC.xml
• Run $ORACLE_HOME/bin/rconfig myconvert.xml
• Option 2: Enterprise Manager Grid Controlhttp://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b28264/cvrt2rac.htm#sthref466
• Option 3: Manual• Install Cluster Ready Services (CRS) software
• Install Oracle RAC software (or link with RAC option)
• Reconfigure database to accommodate RAC settings• @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql
• init.ora
• Register instances with srvctl
• See an example:• http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/chan_sing2rac_install.html
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 141
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomationLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 142
Parameter COMPATIBLE
• COMPATIBLE has to be at least 10.1.0 for an 11g database
• No way back once ≥11.1.0 has been enabled• Supported release downgrade only down to 10.1.0
• Supported patch downgrade only down to 11.1.0
• No ALTER DATABASE RESET COMPATIBILITY command anymore
COMPATIBLE = 10.0/1/2.0COMPATIBLE = 10.0/1/2.0
COMPATIBLE = 11.0.0COMPATIBLE = 11.0.0
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 143
Parameter COMPATIBLE
• Upgrade 9i �11g precautions:• Make 100% sure that you've applied DST patches before starting the 9i database in an 11g environment
• 9i �11g requires COMPATIBLE ≥ 10.1
• No possibility to have COMPATIBLE=9.2.0
• No way back as soon as the database has be opened with a raised COMPATIBLE setting
COMPATIBLE ≥≥≥≥ 10.1/2.0COMPATIBLE ≥≥≥≥ 10.1/2.0
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 144
Parameter COMPATIBLE
• DBUA raises COMPATIBLE only for 9i databases to 10.1.0
• To enable Oracle 11g features:
• Afterwards restart the database
• New features will be enabled
• Datafile headers will be adjusted
• Redologfiles will be adjusted during first access
SQL> alter systemset compatible='11.1.0' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter systemset compatible='11.1.0' scope=spfile;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 145
New 11g Parameters
New in 11gOracle® Database Reference
ASM_PREFERRED_READ_FAILURE_GROUPSCLIENT_RESULT_CACHE_LAGCLIENT_RESULT_CACHE_SIZECOMMIT_LOGGINGCOMMIT_WAITCONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESSDB_LOST_WRITE_PROTECTDB_SECUREFILEDB_ULTRA_SAFEDDL_LOCK_TIMEOUTDIAGNOSTIC_DESTGLOBAL_TXN_PROCESSESJAVA_JIT_ENABLEDLDAP_DIRECTORY_SYSAUTHMEMORY_MAX_TARGETMEMORY_TARGETOPTIMIZER_CAPTURE_SQL_PLAN_BASELINES
OPTIMIZER_USE_INVISIBLE_INDEXESOPTIMIZER_USE_PENDING_STATISTICSOPTIMIZER_USE_SQL_PLAN_BASELINESPARALLEL_IO_CAP_ENABLEDPLSCOPE_SETTINGSREDO_TRANSPORT_USERRESOURCE_MANAGER_CPU_ALLOCATIONRESULT_CACHE_MAX_RESULTRESULT_CACHE_MAX_SIZERESULT_CACHE_MODERESULT_CACHE_REMOTE_EXPIRATIONSEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGONSEC_MAX_FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTSSEC_PROTOCOL_ERROR_FURTHER_ACTIONSEC_PROTOCOL_ERROR_TRACE_ACTIONSEC_RETURN_SERVER_RELEASE_BANNERXML_DB_EVENTS
ES
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 146
New Parameters - Selection
• CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS
• Default: DIAGNOSTIC+TUNING
• Values: DIAGNOSTIC+TUNINGDIAGNOSTICNONE
• Purpose:Controls access to several functionalties of Diagnostic and Tuning Pack
• Example: CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS=NONE
select count(*) from v$active_session_history;
==> 0 rows
CONTROL_MANAGEMENT_PACK_ACCESS=NONE
select count(*) from v$active_session_history;
==> 0 rows
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 147
New Parameters - Selection
• DIAGNOSTIC_DEST
• Default: $ORACLE_BASE
• Value: OS path/directory
• Layout: <diagnostic_dest>/diag/rdbms/<dbname>/<instname>
• Purpose:Substitutes background_dump_dest,user_dump_dest, listener trace etc. and specifies theADR home (Automatic Diagnostic Repository)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 148
New Parameters - Selection
• MEMORY_TARGET and MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
• Default: 0
• Value: integer [K | M | G]
• Purpose:Specifies the complete plus the maximum memory available to the Oracle server
SGA_TARGETSGA_TARGET
SGA_MAX_SIZESGA_MAX_SIZE
MEMORY_MAX_TARGETMEMORY_MAX_TARGET
MEMORY_TARGETMEMORY_TARGET
PGA_AGGREGATE_TARGETPGA_AGGREGATE_TARGET
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 149
New Parameters - Selection
• OPTIMIZER_USE_INVISIBLE_INDEXES
• Default: FALSE
• Values: TRUEFALSE
• Purpose:"Invisible" indexes will be ignored by the optimizer if set toFALSE. But DMLs will be still executed to the index.
• Motivation: Isolated testing of performance effects of anindex based on a session level
• Example: CREATE INDEX emp_ename ON emp(ename) INVISIBLE;
ALTER SESSION SETOPTIMIZER_USE_INVISIBLE_INDEXES=TRUE;
CREATE INDEX emp_ename ON emp(ename) INVISIBLE;
ALTER SESSION SETOPTIMIZER_USE_INVISIBLE_INDEXES=TRUE;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 150
New Parameters - Selection
• SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON 1/2• Default: TRUE
• Values: TRUEFALSE
• Purpose:Switches on/off the case sensitivity of passwordsAttention: also valid for database links!!
• Info:SELECT username, password_versions FROM dba_users;
USERNAME PASSWORD_VERSIONS---------- -----------------JONES 10G 11GPRESTON 11GBLAKE 10G
SELECT username, password_versions FROM dba_users;
USERNAME PASSWORD_VERSIONS---------- -----------------JONES 10G 11GPRESTON 11GBLAKE 10G
Created in:Created in:
Changed in:Changed in:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 151
New Parameters - Selection
• SEC_CASE_SENSITIVE_LOGON 2/2• Switching on the case sensitivity password mode can have several impacts:
• Scripts with user/pw like SCOTT/TIGER won't run anymore if the user gets created or altered e.g. as SCOTT/tiger in 11g• Annotation: Upon upgrading the "old" mechanism is still valid
• Check password encrypted database links
• Can be enabled also for the password file checkings
•
• Very helpful:Check view for default passwords: DBA_USERS_WITH_DEFPWD
orapwd file=orapwSID password=GeHeIm ignorecase=norapwd file=orapwSID password=GeHeIm ignorecase=n
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 152
New Parameter Defaults - Selection
• AUDIT_TRAIL
• Default: NONE or DB
• Values: NONEOSXMLDBDB_EXTENDED
• Purpose:Will help auditing security relevant statements.Upon an upgrde AUDIT_TRAIL keeps its defaultfrom 9.2/10.1/10.2 (NONE). If a 11g database iscreated from scratch then it'll set to DB andstatements get logged in SYS.AUD$
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 153
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomationLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 154
• Example:
Background Processes
select name, description from v$bgprocess, v$processwhere paddr=addr;
NAME DESCRIPTION----- -----------------------ARC0 Archival Process 0ARC1 Archival Process 1ARC2 Archival Process 2ARC3 Archival Process 3CJQ0 Job Queue CoordinatorCKPT checkpointDBRM Resource Manager processDBW0 db writer process 0DIA0 diagnosibility process 0DIAG diagnosibility processDSKM slave DiSKMon processFBDA Flashback Data Archiver Pr.LGWR Redo etc.MMAN Memory Manager
select name, description from v$bgprocess, v$processwhere paddr=addr;
NAME DESCRIPTION----- -----------------------ARC0 Archival Process 0ARC1 Archival Process 1ARC2 Archival Process 2ARC3 Archival Process 3CJQ0 Job Queue CoordinatorCKPT checkpointDBRM Resource Manager processDBW0 db writer process 0DIA0 diagnosibility process 0DIAG diagnosibility processDSKM slave DiSKMon processFBDA Flashback Data Archiver Pr.LGWR Redo etc.MMAN Memory Manager
NAME DESCRIPTION----- --------------------------MMNL Manageability Monitor Pr 2MMON Manageability Monitor PrPMON process cleanupPSP0 process spawner 0QMNC AQ CoordinatorRECO distributed recoverySMCO Space Manager ProcessSMON System Monitor ProcessVKTM Virtual Keeper of TiMe pr
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 155
New Background Processes
ASMMaintains disk membership in ASM disk groupsGMON
ALL.The process archives historical rows for tracked tables into flashback data archives and manages the
flashback archives. FBDA
ALL with any
registered event
activity
(optional non-fatal)
The Event Monitor Coordinator coordinates the event management and notification activity in the database which includes Streams Event Notifications, Continuous Query Notifications and Fast
Application Notifications.
EMNC /
e0xx
ALLPerforms diagnostic dumps and executes global oradebug commands.
DIAG
ALLResponsible for hang detection and deadlock resolution.
DIA0
ALLThe Resource Manager process is responsible for setting Resource Plans and other Resource Manager
related tasks. DBRM
RAC
In an RAC environment, this per-instance process (Atomic Controlfile to Memory Service) is an agent which contributes to ensuring a distributed SGA memory update is either globally committed on success
or globally aborted in the event of a failure. ACMS
RAC onlyProvides transparent support for XA global transactions in a RAC environment. The database autotunes the number of these processes based on the workload of XA global transactions. GTX0-j
Description FoundProcess
Name
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 156
New Background Processes
RAC onlyThe RAC Management Processes perform manageability tasks for RAC, e.g. creation of RAC related
resources when new instances are added to the clusters RMSn
RAC only
In a RACenvironment, this process manages background slave process creation and communication on remote instances. These background slave processes perform tasks on behalf of a coordinating process
running in another instance. RMSN
ALLThe Virtual Keeper of TiMe
?is responsible for providing a Wall-Clock time (updated every second) and
Reference-Time Counter (updated every 20ms and available only when running at elevated priority). VKTM
ALL (optional non-
fatal)
The space management coordinator process coordinates the execution of various space management related tasks, such as proactive space allocation and space reclamation. It dynamically spawns slave
processes (Wnnn) to implement the task.
SMCO /
Wnnn
ASM, spawned on
demand.Marks ASM Allocation Units as stale following a missed write to an offline disk. MARK
ASM, spawned on
demand.Performs proxy I/O to an ASM metafile when a disk becomes offline.KATE
Spawns Oracle processes.
Description
ALLPSP0
FoundProcess
Name
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 157
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomationLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 158
• The CONNECT Role has been changed since 10gR2:
CONNECT Role
GRANTEE PRIVILEGE----------------------- -------------------CONNECT CREATE VIEWCONNECT CREATE TABLECONNECT ALTER SESSIONCONNECT CREATE CLUSTERCONNECT CREATE SESSIONCONNECT CREATE SYNONYMCONNECT CREATE SEQUENCECONNECT CREATE DATABASE LINK
GRANTEE PRIVILEGE----------------------- -------------------CONNECT CREATE VIEWCONNECT CREATE TABLECONNECT ALTER SESSIONCONNECT CREATE CLUSTERCONNECT CREATE SESSIONCONNECT CREATE SYNONYMCONNECT CREATE SEQUENCECONNECT CREATE DATABASE LINK
GRANTEE PRIVILEGE----------------------- -------------------CONNECT CREATE SESSION
GRANTEE PRIVILEGE----------------------- -------------------CONNECT CREATE SESSION
R2
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 159
• Find out affected database users:
CONNECT Role
SELECT granteeFROM dba_role_privsWHERE granted_role = 'CONNECT' and
grantee NOT IN ('SYS', 'OUTLN', 'SYSTEM','CTXSYS', 'DBSNMP','LOGSTDBY_ADMINISTRATOR','ORDSYS', 'ORDPLUGINS','OEM_MONITOR', 'WKSYS','WKPROXY', 'WK_TEST', 'WKUSER', 'MDSYS','LBACSYS', 'DMSYS', 'WMSYS','EXFSYS', 'SYSMAN','MDDATA', 'XDB', 'ODM','SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA');
SELECT granteeFROM dba_role_privsWHERE granted_role = 'CONNECT' and
grantee NOT IN ('SYS', 'OUTLN', 'SYSTEM','CTXSYS', 'DBSNMP','LOGSTDBY_ADMINISTRATOR','ORDSYS', 'ORDPLUGINS','OEM_MONITOR', 'WKSYS','WKPROXY', 'WK_TEST', 'WKUSER', 'MDSYS','LBACSYS', 'DMSYS', 'WMSYS','EXFSYS', 'SYSMAN','MDDATA', 'XDB', 'ODM','SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA');
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 160
• Parameter shared_pool_size is calculated differently since 10g
• Real shared pool = shared_pool_size – startup overhead
Shared Pool calculation since 10g
SQL> select * from v$sgainfo;
NAME BYTES RES-------------------------------- ---------- ---Fixed SGA Size 1266372 NoRedo Buffers 2924544 NoBuffer Cache Size 16777216 YesShared Pool Size 83886080 YesLarge Pool Size 0 YesJava Pool Size 50331648 YesStreams Pool Size 0 YesGranule Size 4194304 NoMaximum SGA Size 155189248 NoStartup overhead in Shared Pool 29360128 NoFree SGA Memory Available 0
SQL> select * from v$sgainfo;
NAME BYTES RES-------------------------------- ---------- ---Fixed SGA Size 1266372 NoRedo Buffers 2924544 NoBuffer Cache Size 16777216 YesShared Pool Size 83886080 YesLarge Pool Size 0 YesJava Pool Size 50331648 YesStreams Pool Size 0 YesGranule Size 4194304 NoMaximum SGA Size 155189248 NoStartup overhead in Shared Pool 29360128 NoFree SGA Memory Available 0
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 161
• Hash Group by aggregation which allows a hash algorithm to process group by statements
• For sorts ORDER BY has to be used
• Description see Note:345048.1• _gby_hash_aggregation_enabled=false
• See also:Note:295819.1 Potential Query Tuning Related Issues
GROUP BY results: unsorted
select sum(sal), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno;select sum(sal), deptno from scott.emp group by deptno;
SUM(SAL) DEPTNO
---------- ----------
8750 10
10875 20
9400 30
SUM(SAL) DEPTNO
---------- ----------
8750 10
10875 20
9400 30
SUM(SAL) DEPTNO
---------- ---------
9400 3010875 208750 10
SUM(SAL) DEPTNO
---------- ---------
9400 3010875 208750 10
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 162
• To prevent optimizer issues in since 10gR2 complex view structures security:
• optimizer_secure_view_merging=false
• Otherwise it is possible for the optimizer to create different execution plans for identical statements on identical objects issued from different user schemas
• Alternative:Grant MERGE ANY VIEW privilege to subordinate users
• See Note:468380.1
Secure-View-Merging Privilege
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 163
• Optimizer sometimes does wrong rewrites with cascading views
• Requirement:
• "_push_join_predicate" is set to TRUE
• Solution:
• Patch on top of 10.2.0.4: #7445276
• Or: _optimizer_join_elimination_enabled=false
• Otherwise sometimes:• This Query: select * from some_view where col1=10;
results in:
• OK: select * from (select * from base_table where col1=10);
• Not OK: select * from (select * from base_table) where col1=10;
Cascading View Issues - 10.2.0.x
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 164
• Observation:Query timing problems after upgrade to 10/11g• Since 10g CBO has been added costed subquery unnesting and view merging functionality.
• Can be disabled by:• _optimizer_cost_based_transformation=off
Costed query transformations since 10g
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 165
• The CBO since 10g verifies more join orders to find out the least expensive one - this can sometimes lead to higher parse times
• Remedy: _new_initial_join_orders=false
• Example: observation for an explain plan:
• Set OFE=920: Number of join permutations tried: 187
• Set OFE=10203: Number of join permutations tried: 986
CBO verifies more joins orders since 10g
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 166
• Before 10.2.0.4 PL/SQL cursors will be cached automatically because of OPEN_CURSORS. Since 10.2.0.4 SESSION_CACHED_CURSORS has to be defined to ensure cursor caching for PL/SQL
• Remedy: session_cached_cursors=500
PL/SQL cursors not cached ≥≥≥≥10.2.0.4
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 167
• Large tables most likely won't be cached for sequential FTS regardless of ALTER TABLE CACHE attribute
• Remedy: set _small_table_treshold
• Example:• CREATE TABLE big_has_95000_rows(...);
• Force a preload:ALTER SESSION SET "_small_table_threshold"=100000;
SELECT /*+FULL(a) */ ... FROM big_has_95000_rows;
• Now the table is in cache and will be kept there
Table caching has changed ≥≥≥≥11.1.0.6
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 168
• ORA-7445 [kkqtutlGenRowid()+157]• Bug 7596023
• Apply patch on top of 11.1.0.7
or:
• Workaround:
• Set "_optimizer_join_elimination_enabled"=false
• Disable the fix for bug 6167716 eg:Set "_FIX_CONTROL"='6167716:OFF'
Bug 7596023
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 169
• SYSAUX-Tablespace• SYSAUX is the new home for most repositories
• SYSAUX can't be deleted or renamed
• SYSAUX can't be changed to read-only
• SYSAUX has to be created
• Recommended size: 500 MB
• ASSM and Locally Managed
• Size estimation: ?/rdbms/admin/utlsyxsz.sql
• View V$SYSAUX_OCCUPANTS shows:
• Repositories and their owner
• Space usage
• Procedures for moving repositories
SYSAUX
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 170
SYSAUX
• V$SYSAUX_OCCUPANTS - an excerpt:
REPO DESCR MOVE MB--------------- ----------------------------------- --------------- ------AO Analytical Workspace Object Table DBMS_AW.MOVE_AW 1.4AUTO_TASK Automated Maintenance Tasks .3EM_MONITORING_U Enterprise Manager Monitoring User 2.4EM Enterprise Manager Repository emd_maintenance 123.6LOGMNR LogMiner SYS.DBMS_LOGMNR 7.6SDO Oracle Spatial MDSYS.MOVE_SDO 0STREAMS Oracle Streams 1PL/SCOPE PL/SQL Identifier Collection .4SQL_MANAGEMENT_ SQL Management Base Schema 1.6SM/ADVISOR Server Manageability - Advisor Fram 7.8SM/AWR Server Manageability - Automatic Wo 27.6SM/OPTSTAT Server Manageability - Optimizer St 3.6SM/OTHER Server Manageability - Other Compon 5.6STATSPACK Statspack Repository 0JOB_SCHEDULER Unified Job Scheduler .4WM Workspace Manager DBMS_WM.move_pr 7.1
REPO DESCR MOVE MB--------------- ----------------------------------- --------------- ------AO Analytical Workspace Object Table DBMS_AW.MOVE_AW 1.4AUTO_TASK Automated Maintenance Tasks .3EM_MONITORING_U Enterprise Manager Monitoring User 2.4EM Enterprise Manager Repository emd_maintenance 123.6LOGMNR LogMiner SYS.DBMS_LOGMNR 7.6SDO Oracle Spatial MDSYS.MOVE_SDO 0STREAMS Oracle Streams 1PL/SCOPE PL/SQL Identifier Collection .4SQL_MANAGEMENT_ SQL Management Base Schema 1.6SM/ADVISOR Server Manageability - Advisor Fram 7.8SM/AWR Server Manageability - Automatic Wo 27.6SM/OPTSTAT Server Manageability - Optimizer St 3.6SM/OTHER Server Manageability - Other Compon 5.6STATSPACK Statspack Repository 0JOB_SCHEDULER Unified Job Scheduler .4WM Workspace Manager DBMS_WM.move_pr 7.1
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 171
SYSAUX
•utlsyxsz.sql:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 172
Instant Client
• Universal. small footprint Oracle client• Works with OCI, OCCI, Pro*C, ODBC, JDBC, ODP.NET, ASP.NET, OLE DB and OO4O applications
• No OUI Oracle Client installation necessary anymore
• Easy and simple deployment• Download it from OTN
• Copy it to the target/client system(s)
• Add its directory to PATH/LD_LIBRARY_PATH and set TNS_ADMIN
• For ODBC run the provided batch script
• Patching? Just deploy the current version
• More Information on OTN:http://www.oracle.com/technology/tech/oci/instantclient/instantclient.html
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 173
Instant Client
• Instant Client Download:http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/tech/oci/instantclient/index.html
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 174
Instant Client
• Instant Client Packaging
• Basic: All files required to run OCI, OCCI, and JDBC-OCI applications (46 MB)• JDBC Supplement: Additional support for XA, Internationalization, and RowSet operations under JDBC (1.5 MB)• SQL*Plus: Additional libraries and executable for running SQL*Plus with Instant Client (0.8 MB) • SDK: Additional header files and an example makefile for developing Oracle applications with Instant Client (1 MB)• ODBC: Additional libraries for enabling ODBC applications (0.7 MB)• WRC: Workload Replay Client used to replay workload for RAT's DB Replay Feature (6 KB) • ´Precompiler: Additional files for "proc" binary and related files to precompile a Pro*C application and demo (0.5 MB)
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 175
• Client certification - Note: 207303.1
Clients & Net
Certified
Not supported anymore Never supported
10.1.0
10.1.0
9.2.0
9.0.1
9.2.0 9.0.1 8.1.7
8.1.7
Database Release
C
l
i
e
n
t
10.2.0
10.2.0
11.1.0
11.1.0
Supported but ES
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 176
Clients & Net
• Database links• Only supported if matrix shows ‚Supported‘ in both directions
• Not supported means: Use it on your own risk
• JDBC certification• Note:203849.1
• Forms/Reports certification• Metalink � Certify Tab � Development Tools
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 177
RMAN - Recovery Manager
• RMAN Compatibility Matrix• Note:73431.1
• Rules:• The RMAN executable version should be the same as the target database
• The RMAN catalog schema version must be greater than or equal to the RMAN executable
• The RMAN catalog is backwards compatible with target databases from earlier releases
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 178
• PL/SQL issues while upgrading from 7/8 to 10g/11g?
• PLSQL_V2_COMPATIBILITY = TRUEPL/SQL checking methods work such as in release 8i
PL/SQL Compilation
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 179
Upgrading your applications
• Compatibility Issues:• Check for reserved words
• Appendix A, Upgrade Guide
• Check for behaviour changes• Appendix A, Upgrade Guide
• Upgrade Companion
• Check for changes in the data dictionary• Appendix A, Upgrade Guide
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 180
Upgrading your applications
• Precompiler and OCI applications:
• Upgrading the Oracle Database Server software• If you do not change the client environment than you won't have to precompile, compile or relink
• Database Server version should be identical or higher than client version
• Upgrading the Oracle Client software• It is recommended that Oracle client software has the same release than the server
• Dynamic Libraries: No relink required
• Static Libraries: Need to be relinked always
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 181
Upgrading your applications
• Precompiler and OCI applications:
• Option 1: Leave the application unchanged• Don't upgrade the client installation
• Simple and easy
• Option 2: Precompile the application and change client• Recompile when you change the major release
• You don't have to recompile for a patch release
• Option 3: Change the application code to use 11g features • Most potential benefits
• Most difficult option
• Precompile, compile and relink
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 182
Wordsize
• Word size change 32/64-bit happens implicitly during upgrade/downgrade process• This will apply to patch sets, too
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 183
Conversion between XE, SE and EE
• SE � EE see Note:117048.1• Take a full backup
• Run catalog.sql and catproc.sql in the EE environment
• EE � SE see Note:139642.1• Only Export/Import with exp/imp or expdp/imdp will be supported
• XE � SE/SEone/EE• http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28300/intro.htm#BABGDCDD
• Use the DBUA to upgrade your XE database to Seone/SE/EE
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 184
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomationLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 185
Enterprise Manager 11g
• Database Control for all database administration tasks •
• Grid Control as an IT system administration tool• Supports Oracle and non-Oracle IT infrastructures
• GC patch set 10.2.0.5 contains 11g functionality
• GridControl 11g is not yet available
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 186
Enterprise Manager 11g
• Components• Database Control:Agent and standalone OC4J - thus no additional webserver needed
• Grid Control:OMS, Management Agent and Repository Database
• Installation:• Database Control:Automatically done within the 11g database software installation
• Grid Control:Separate download/DVD
• License:• Both products are included in any database license
• Specific packs and plug-ins may be licensed additionally
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 187
Enterprise Manager 11g
• Database Control
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 188
Enterprise Manager 10g
• Grid Control 10.2
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 189
SQL Developer 1.5.5
• Developer tool at no extra cost(Installation deploys V.1.1.3 - Update available via OTN)
• Key-Features:• PL/SQL development and debugging
• Extremely fast object browser
• Excellent reporting capabilities
• Supports Oracle 9iR2 and above
• Migration workbench for:
• MS SQL-Server
• MS Access
• MySQL
• No extra license costs!
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 190
SQL Developer 1.5
• Connections and object browser
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 191
APEX 3.0
• APEX = Application Express = ex-HTMLDB• GUI development enviroment
• Easy to use - wizard driven
• APEX is available by default• No additional installation or license necessary
• Current release: 3.2
• HTTP via "Embedded Gateway"
• Two configuration steps:• $ORACLE_HOME/apex/apxconf.sql
• ALTER USER anonymous ACCOUNT UNLOCK;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 192
APEX
• APEX web page: apex.oracle.com
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 193
Data Pump
• Facts• The „new“ export/import• Available and usable only for 10g and 11g • No backward compatibility to exp/imp• But syntax very similar to exp/imp• And much faster than exp/imp - parallelism!!!• It‘s server based only
• Interface• Command line: expdp and impdp
• Package DBMS_DATAPUMP• Controllable through interactive Job Control
• API
• Documentation:• Database Utilities and Note:553337.1
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 194
Data Pump in Enterprise Manager
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 195
Data Pump
• Step-by-step1) Directory in which Oracle OS user has write permissions
2) Default DATA_PUMP_DIR already defined – may be changed in 11g: DBA_DIRECTORIES
3) Grant non-privileged users permissions:
4) Example of a full database export:
expdp system/managerDUMPFILE=DATA_PUMP_DIR:full%u.dmpFULL=y NOLOGFILE=y
expdp system/managerDUMPFILE=DATA_PUMP_DIR:full%u.dmpFULL=y NOLOGFILE=y
grant READ,WRITE on directory DPDIR to SCOTT;grant READ,WRITE on directory DPDIR to SCOTT;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 196
Data Pump
• Step-by-step5) Enter the interactive job control by pressing CTRL-C:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 197
Data Pump
• Step-by-step6) Commands available in job control mode:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 198
Data Pump
• Step-by-step7) Attach to a running job and stop it:
• Hit CTRL-C to enter the interactive job control
• Job name:
• Attach:
• Stop the job:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 199
Data Pump
• Behind the scenes• Starting data pump creates a master table in the database user schema of the user calling expdp
• By default the table name is identical to the job name
• Master table acts as the "commemoration" and is essential for the job control
• At the end of a run of expdp the master table will be moved into the dump file
• Metadata will be unloaded as XML and can be extracted easily
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 200
Data Pump Capabilities
• Some important features• ReMapping of tablespaces, files and schemas
• Extract all DDLs from a dump file
• Include or exclude specific objects/users with EXCLUDE and INCLUDE - wildcard usage possible
• Import via a network without creating a dump file•
• Compression - dump file size reduction by 50 % or more possible
•
• Advanced Compression Option license required
• Encryption - encrypt dump files or data - requires Advanced Security Option
•
expdp system/orc DUMPFILE=DPDIR:full.dmpFULL=y NOLOGFILE=y COMPRESSION=all
expdp system/orc DUMPFILE=DPDIR:full.dmpFULL=y NOLOGFILE=y COMPRESSION=all
impdp system/orc NETWORK_LINK=db_link1 FULL=Y impdp system/orc NETWORK_LINK=db_link1 FULL=Y
expdp system/orc DUMPFILE=DPDIR:enc.dmpENCRYPTION_PASSWORD=secret ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM=AES128
expdp system/orc DUMPFILE=DPDIR:enc.dmpENCRYPTION_PASSWORD=secret ENCRYPTION_ALGORITHM=AES128
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 201
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomationLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 202
Automation in 11g
• Predefined Jobs: DBA_SCHEDULER_JOBS
Disable them in 11.1.0.6:exec dbms_scheduler.disable(‚<jobname>');
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 203
Automation in 11g
• Jobs – Default Maintenance Windows
240min = 4h ... 1200min = 20h
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 204
Automation in 11g
• Configure automatically defines maintenance jobs
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 205
Automation in 11g
• Segment Advisor job identifies space to free up
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 206
High
Watermark
High
Watermark
Copy tables
• Additional storage needed• Remove old tables• Maintenance on indexes
Mechanism: scale down tables in
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 207
Move dataHigh
Watermark
High
Watermark
• Online• Indexes are maintained• Triggers won't be executed
• But: TS must be ASSM
• Exclusive Table Lock for HWM
ALTER TABLE <tablename> SHRINK SPACE;ALTER TABLE <tablename> SHRINK SPACE;
Mechanism: scale down tables in:
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 208
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomatismsLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 209
LONG ���� LOB Conversion
• LONG data type is still supported, but Oracle recommends conversion to LOB types
• Disadvantages of LONG:
• Maximum number of LONG columns per table : 1
• No replication possible with LONG und LONG RAW
• Attention:• LONG � LOB conversion is irreversible
LONG
CLOB NCLOB
LONG RAW
BLOB
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 210
LONG ���� LOB Conversion
• Conversion:
• Online Table Redefinition• Available for LONG/LOB since 10g• Package: DBMS_REDEFINITION • Regulation:
• LONG � CLOB• LONG RAW � BLOB
• Conversion is done implicitly• More information: Note:251417.1 and 1012454.7 (including examples)
• Advantage:Source table is available during the whole process
ALTER TABLE long_tab MODIFY ( long_col CLOB ); ALTER TABLE long_tab MODIFY ( long_col CLOB );
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 211
SecureFiles
• Securefiles = new LOB storage technology• Better performance• Additional features: deduplication, encryption
• Examples:
• Tablespace must be ASSM managed
• Additional init.ora parameter
CREATE TABLE t1 ( a CLOB)LOB(a) STORE AS SECUREFILE (
DEDUPLICATE);
CREATE TABLE t2 ( a CLOB ENCRYPT USING 'AES128')LOB(a) STORE AS SECUREFILE (CACHE);
CREATE TABLE t1 ( a CLOB)LOB(a) STORE AS SECUREFILE (
DEDUPLICATE);
CREATE TABLE t2 ( a CLOB ENCRYPT USING 'AES128')LOB(a) STORE AS SECUREFILE (CACHE);
DB_SECUREFILE = [NEVER | PERMITTED | ALWAYS | IGNORE]DB_SECUREFILE = [NEVER | PERMITTED | ALWAYS | IGNORE]
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 212
SecureFiles
• Securefiles are fully transparent• Data type still a BLOB/CLOB
• Definition per storage clause or controlled by init Parameter
• No functional differences
• Even "deduplication" is fully transparent for developers
• API access: PL/SQL (DBMS_LOB), JDBC, .NET, PHP, ...
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 213
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomatismsLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 214
UndoUndo
Flashback
• Different types of flashback and its sources • Flashback Query
• Versions Query
• Transaction Query
• Flashback Table
• Flashback Drop
• Flashback Database
• Total Recall Flashback Data Archive
UndoUndo
Flashback Logs
� Enabled by default
� Enabled by default
� Has to be enabled
� Has to be enabled
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 215
Flashback in EM
• In Enterprise Manager:
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 216
Restore Points
• Restore point – specifies a jump label
• Named Restore Point• Similar to a bookmark
• "Can be" - but no guarantee
• Will be recorded to the control file
• Guaranteed Restore Point• Similar to storage snapshots
• Overrides the FLASHBACK_RETENTION_TARGET
• Attention: A guarantee restore point can stop the whole database �
SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT rpt;SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT rpt;SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT rpt;SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT rpt;
SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT grptGUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE;
SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT grpt;
SQL> CREATE RESTORE POINT grptGUARANTEE FLASHBACK DATABASE;
SQL> FLASHBACK DATABASE TO RESTORE POINT grpt;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 217
Flashback Query
• Review into the status or to the changes happened to a table• Flashback Query
• Query a specific state (date, SCN ...)
• Flashback Versions Query
• Display changes happened in the past
• Flashback Transaction Query
• Detect change transactions from within the past
• Example:
• select * from EMP as of timestamp ...
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 218
• Example:� Change data:
> update EMP set SAL=60000 where ENAME='KING';
� Query data BEFORE it has changed:
> select * from EMP as of timestamp TO_TIMESTAMP('2005-08-01 20:30:00',
'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')where ENAME='KING';
� Result: 5000
� Change the data back to its original status:
> update EMP set SAL= (select SAL from EMP as of timestamp
TO_TIMESTAMP('2005-08-01 20:30:00','YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS')
where ENAME='KING') where ENAME='KING';
Flashback Query
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 219
Flashback Table
• Requirements:• Row movement has to be switched on for the table
• alter table EMP enable row movement;
• Purpose:• Recover a table point-in-time
• Example:• flashback table EMP to timestamp
to_timestamp(...);
• Annotation: • Maintains indexes, takes care on constraints
• Triggers are disabled
• Afterwards statistics will be stale
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 220
• Example:� Change data:
> delete from EMP;
� Flashback the table:
> flashback table EMP to timestampto_timestamp('01.08.2005 21:39:00',
'dd.mm.yyyy hh24:mi:ss');
� Table now has the state of before-delete
Flashback Table
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 221
• Requirements:• Init parameter recyclebin is set to ON
• Tablespace is locally managed and <> SYSTEM• Owner <> SYS, SYSTEM
• Purpose:• Recover deleted tables with their dependent objects
• Example:> flashback table EMP to before drop;
Flashback Drop
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 222
• How does it work?• drop table
• Pointer to the table will be redirected:This includes:Dependent objects like indexes, constraints, trigger, nested tables, LOB segments and LOB index segments
• Objects stay in DBA_Views but have a different name:BIN$$globalUID$version
• Table can now be undroped with a single command
Flashback Drop
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 223
• Example:� Delete a table:
> drop table EMP;
� Query the USER_RECYCLEBIN:
> OBJECT_NAME ORIG OPER TYPE CANBIN$/U0DO44XUeXgMFaMimgQ==$0 EMP DROP TABLE YES
� Check the table contents:
> select * from "BIN$/U0DO44XUeXgMFaMimgQ==$0"
� Recover the table:
> flashback table EMP to before drop;
> flashback table "BIN$/..." to before drop;
> flashback table EMP to before droprename to EMP_version1;
Flashback Drop
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 224
• Sometimes there‘s a misunderstanding ... • Tablespace won‘t overflow...
Flashback Drop
Tablespace TEST
Table EMP
Tablespace TEST
Table BIN$. exEMP
Tablespace TEST
Table BIN$. exEMP
Table NEWEMP
DROP TABLE EMP
Tablespace TEST
Table NEWEMP
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 225
• Search the recyclebin in SQL Developer:
Flashback Drop
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 226
• How does it work?• Before-Images of changeddata blocks will be writteninto flashback logs in intervals
• Not every changed block will bewritten into the flashback logs• Therefore the database has to be in archivelog mode
• Example:> flashback database to scn 47110815;
• Annotation:Flashback logs have to be in the flash recovery area
Flashback Database
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 227
• Example:� User droped accidentially:
> drop user SCOTT cascade;
� Flashback the whole database:
> shutdown immediate;
> flashback database to scn 47110815;
> alter database open resetlogs;
Flashback Database
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 228
• (Almost) as fast as lightning ... ☺
Flashback Database
Database size
Flashback
Recovery
Restore
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
10 GB 100 GB 1 TB 10 TB
Tim
e in m
inute
s
2 3 4 651
114
250
627
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 229
• Typical questions:• Q: How much flashback data will be generated?A: About the same amount of data as for redologs
• Q: Are the logs cleared automatically ?A: Yes, flashback logs get cleared automatically to reclaim space
• Q: Can Flashback Logs be administered?A: No !!!
• Q: Is this available in a Standard Edition (one) database, too?A: No, Flashback Database is a EE feature
• Q: How can do performance tuning?A: Switch off OS file caching, use lots of disc spindles, use a small stripe-size (~128 kB)
Flashback Database
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 230
• How does it work?• Background process FBDAwill track data changes(only UPDATEs and DELETEs) onmonitored tables inthe Flashback DataArchive (asynchronous)
• Data gets extracted from undo information
• Default capture interval:5min
• Capture intervall will be changed automaticallyupon system work load
• Licensable option
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
FBDAFBDA
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 231
• Requirements:• Tablespace for FBDA has to be ASSM managed• Ideally separate tablespaces get created for the flashback data archives and reside on cheaper storage for cost efficiency
• Create a flashback data archive:
•
• Switch on flashback archiving for a specific object:
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE fda1TABLESPACE fdaRETENTION 1 year;
CREATE FLASHBACK ARCHIVE fda1TABLESPACE fdaRETENTION 1 year;
ALTER TABLE t1 FLASHBACK ARCHIVE fda1;ALTER TABLE t1 FLASHBACK ARCHIVE fda1;
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 232
• Behind the scenes:• In tablespace fda some structures will be created:
• 23107 is the OBJECT_ID of the table getting monitored/archived
• Tracks the changes• If the defined retention is reached the required data will be deleted automatically
• Absolutely transparent - no changes to any application necessary• Partitioning happens automatically
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
NAME TYP------------------------------ ------------------SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_23107 TABLESYS_FBA_HIST_23107 TABLE PARTITIONSYS_FBA_TCRV_23107 TABLESYS_FBA_TCRV_IDX_23107 INDEX
NAME TYP------------------------------ ------------------SYS_FBA_DDL_COLMAP_23107 TABLESYS_FBA_HIST_23107 TABLE PARTITIONSYS_FBA_TCRV_23107 TABLESYS_FBA_TCRV_IDX_23107 INDEX
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 233
• Is it possible to change data in the FDA?• Data will be stored such as:
• Data can‘t be manipulated:
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
ROWID STARTSCN ENDSCN O COL1------------------ ---------- ---------- - ----------AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAA 1114797 1115141 I 1AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAB 1114797 1115141 I 2AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAC 1114797 1115141 I 23AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAD 1114797 1115141 I 24AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAE 1114797 1115141 I 25AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAF 1115141 1116039 U 2...
ROWID STARTSCN ENDSCN O COL1------------------ ---------- ---------- - ----------AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAA 1114797 1115141 I 1AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAB 1114797 1115141 I 2AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAC 1114797 1115141 I 23AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAD 1114797 1115141 I 24AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAE 1114797 1115141 I 25AAAFplAAGAAAAAVAAF 1115141 1116039 U 2...
SQL> update SYS_FBA_HIST_23107 set col1=col1-1;update SYS_FBA_HIST_23107 set col1=col1-1
*ERROR at line 1:
ORA-55622: DML, ALTER and CREATE UNIQUE INDEX operations arenot allowed on table "SYS"."SYS_FBA_HIST_23107"
SQL> update SYS_FBA_HIST_23107 set col1=col1-1;update SYS_FBA_HIST_23107 set col1=col1-1
*ERROR at line 1:
ORA-55622: DML, ALTER and CREATE UNIQUE INDEX operations arenot allowed on table "SYS"."SYS_FBA_HIST_23107"
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 234
• How to access the historical data?•
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
SELECT * FROM t1AS OF TIMESTAMP '27-AUG-07 2:15:00pm';
COL1----------
12
23
SELECT * FROM t1AS OF TIMESTAMP '27-AUG-07 2:30:00pm';
COL1----------
23
24
SELECT * FROM t1AS OF TIMESTAMP '27-AUG-07 2:15:00pm';
COL1----------
12
23
SELECT * FROM t1AS OF TIMESTAMP '27-AUG-07 2:30:00pm';
COL1----------
23
24
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 235
• Switch background process FBDA off?•
Flashback Data Archive - Total Recall
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET"_disable_flashback_archiver"=1scope=spfile;
SQL> STARTUP FORCE
$ ps -ef | grep fbda
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET"_disable_flashback_archiver"=1scope=spfile;
SQL> STARTUP FORCE
$ ps -ef | grep fbda
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 236
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomatismsLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 237
• ADR: systemwide logging and tracing directory• Set via diagnostic_dest parameter• Default: ORACLE_BASE\diag
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 238
• ADR: systemwide logging/tracing directory• "Oh ... my alert.log is now in XML format ...?"
• No panic:• Files are still kept also in text mode• There are two very comfortable interfaces:
• adrci
• EM interface
• Error categories• Problem (Critical error like ORA-600, ORA-7445, ORA-4031 ...)• Incident (Singular error - if it gets raised more often it'll become a PROBLEM!!)
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 239
•V$DIAG_INFO:
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$diag_info;
NAME WERT----------------------- ----------------------------------------Diag Enabled TRUEADR Base c:\oracleADR Home c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\sourceDiag Trace c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\traceDiag Alert c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\alertDiag Incident c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\incidDiag Cdump c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\cdumpHealth Monitor c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\hmDefault Trace File c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\traceActive Problem Count 1Active Incident Count 7
SQL> SELECT name, value FROM v$diag_info;
NAME WERT----------------------- ----------------------------------------Diag Enabled TRUEADR Base c:\oracleADR Home c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\sourceDiag Trace c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\traceDiag Alert c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\alertDiag Incident c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\incidDiag Cdump c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\cdumpHealth Monitor c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\hmDefault Trace File c:\oracle\diag\rdbms\source\source\traceActive Problem Count 1Active Incident Count 7
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 240
•adrci
• Step 1: Check and set ADRCI homes• adrci> show homes
• adrci> set homepath diag\rdbms\source\source
• Step 2: Define the editor, e.g.:• adrci> set editor uedit32
• Step 3: Check alert.log, problems and incidents• adrci> show alert -tail 50 -f
• adrci> show problem
• adrci> show incident
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
ADRCI: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Apr 27 16:58:37 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ADR base = "c:\oracle"adrci> help
ADRCI: Release 11.1.0.7.0 - Production on Mon Apr 27 16:58:37 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ADR base = "c:\oracle"adrci> help
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 241
•adrci
• Helpful notes:• Note: 443529.111g How To Package And Send ORA-00600/ORA-07445 Diagnostic Information To Support.
• Note: 564269.1Retention Policy for ADR Incidents
• SHORTP_POLICY:Used to purge informations that have a short life.Default: 720 => 30 days
• LONGP_POLICY:To purge ADR contents that have a long life.Default: 8760 => 365 days
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 242
• DatabaseControl
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
�
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 243
• DatabaseControl
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
�
�
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 244
Preparation
Agenda
Upgrade
Diagnostics & Tuning
Best Practices
News and Task List
Performance Testing
ParametersProcesses
MiscellaneousTools
AutomatismsLOB & SecureFiles
FlashbackADR
Compression
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 245
Compression
• Index compression available since 8i
• Table compression available since 9.2• Designated for DWH
• Direct path and bulk INSERTs, CREATE TABLE .. AS SELECT
• Didn't work for INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
• Before 11g syntax:
• New 11g syntax:
CREATE TABLE sales_history… COMPRESSCREATE TABLE sales_history… COMPRESS
CREATE TABLE sales_history…COMPRESS FOR DIRECT_LOAD OPERATIONS
CREATE TABLE sales_history…COMPRESS FOR DIRECT_LOAD OPERATIONS
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 246
Advanced Compression
• Advanced Compression in Oracle 11g works for:• Structured and unstructured data• Backups• Datapump exports• Data Guard gap resolution (11.1.0.7 => LGWR ASYNC)
• Reduces resource requirements and costs!!! • Storage
• Typically 2x to 4x compression possible
DMLuncompressed
PCTFREE reached:
Compression!
Further DML uncompressed
PCTFREE reached:
Compression!Overhead
Free Space
uncompressed
compressed
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 247
‘Real World’ Compression10 largest ERP database tables
3x Savings
MB
Space
Table ScansTime
(seconds)
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
2.5x faster
DML Performance
0
10
20
30
40
Time
(seconds)
< 3% overhead
© 2009 Oracle Corporation 248
Compression Advisor - Free Download
�
• http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/database/compression/index.html
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