openflow/software defined networks 1. exec summary openflow/sdn enables innovations within –...
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Exec Summary• OpenFlow/SDN enables innovations within
– Enterprise, backbone, & data center networks
– Represents a promising architecture direction
• Providers like it for their own reasons
– Enabling an ecosystem
• OpenFlow/SDN networks are being deployed
– R&E networks around the world
Time for regionals to get involved. Take advantage of GPO Solicitation 3.
Internet has many problems
Plenty of evidence and documentation
Internet’s “root cause problem”
It is Closed for Innovations
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Million of linesof source code
5400 RFCs Barrier to entry
Billions of gates Bloated Power Hungry
Many complex functions baked into the infrastructureOSPF, BGP, multicast, differentiated services,Traffic Engineering, NAT, firewalls, MPLS, redundant layers, …
An industry with a “mainframe-mentality”, reluctant to change
The Ossified Network
Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
OperatingSystem
Feature Feature
Routing, management, mobility management, access control, VPNs, …
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The SDN Approach
Separate control from the datapath– i.e. separate policy from mechanism
Datapath: Define minimal network instruction set– A set of “plumbling primitives”– A vendor-agnostic interface: OpenFlow
Control: Define a network-wide OS– An API that others can develop on
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Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
Feature Feature
Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
Specialized Packet Forwarding Hardware
OperatingSystem
OperatingSystem
OperatingSystem
OperatingSystem
OperatingSystem
Network OS
Feature Feature
Feature Feature
Feature Feature
Feature Feature
Feature Feature
Restructured Network
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Feature Feature
Network OS
1. Open interface to hardware
3. Well-defined open API2. At least one Network OS
probably many.Open- and closed-source
The “Software-defined Network”
OpenFlow
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Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
OpenFlow Basics
Narrow, vendor-agnostic interface to control switches, routers, APs, basestations.
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Network OS
Step 1: Separate Control from Datapath
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OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
Step 2: Cache flow decisions in datapath
“If header = x, send to port 4”
“If header = ?, send to me”“If header = y, overwrite header with z, send to ports 5,6”
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OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
FlowTableFlowTable
Plumbing Primitives1. Match arbitrary bits in headers:
– Match on any header; or new header– Allows any flow granularity
2. Actions:– Forward to port(s), drop, send to controller– Overwrite header with mask, push or pop– Forward at specific bit-rate
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HeaderHeaderDataData
Match: 1000x01xx0101001x
Feature Feature
Network OS
1. Open interface to hardware
3. Well-defined open API2. At least one Network OS
probably many.Open- and closed-source
The “Software-defined Network”
OpenFlow
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Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Network Operating System 1
Open interface to hardware
Virtualization or “Slicing” Layer (FlowVisor)
Network Operating System 2
Network Operating System 3
Network Operating System 4
Feature
Many operating systems, ormany versions
Open interface to hardware
Isolated “slices”
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Simple PacketForwarding Hardware
Feature Feature Feature
FlowVisor Creates Virtual Networks
OpenFlowProtocol
FlowVisor
OpenPipesDemo
OpenFlow WirelessDemo
OpenFlowProtocol
PlugNServeLoad-balancer
OpenPipesPolicy
OpenPipesPolicy
Multiple, isolated slices in the same physical network
Multiple, isolated slices in the same physical networkOpenFlow
Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
[Sigcomm 2009 – Best Demo][Paper in submission]
OpenPipesPartition hardware designs across a network
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[Sigcomm 2009 – 2nd Best Demo][Paper in submission]
Load-balancing as Network Primitive
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OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
OpenFlow Switch
InternetInternet
OpenFlow Switch
[Sigcomm 2009 Demo][Paper in preparation]
Goal: Minimize http response time over campus networkApproach: Route over path to jointly minimize <path latency, server latency>
Network OS
Load-Balancer
“Pick path & server”
Intercontinental VM MigrationMoved a VM from Stanford to Japan without changing its IP.
VM hosted a video game server with active network connections.
Moved a VM from Stanford to Japan without changing its IP.
VM hosted a video game server with active network connections.
[Sigcomm 2008– Best Demo]
Feature Feature
NOX
Converging Packet and Circuit Networks
IPRouter
IPRouter
TDMSwitchTDM
Switch
WDMSwitchWDMSwitch
WDMSwitchWDMSwitch
IPRouter
IPRouter
Goal: Common control plane for “Layer 3” and “Layer 1” networksApproach: Add OpenFlow to all switches; use common network OS
OpenFlowProtocol
OpenFlowProtocol
[Supercomputing 2009 Demo][OFC 2010]
ElasticTreeGoal: Reduce energy in data center networksApproach:
1. Reroute traffic2. Shut off links and switches to reduce power
[NSDI 2010]
Network OS
DCManager
“Pick paths”
ElasticTreeGoal: Reduce energy in data center networksApproach:
1. Reroute traffic2. Shut off links and switches to reduce power
[NSDI 2010]
XXXX XX
XX XXNetwork OS
DCManager
“Pick paths”
Exec Summary• OpenFlow/SDN enables innovations within
– Enterprise, backbone, & data center networks
– Represents a promising architecture direction
• Providers like it for their own reasons
– Enabling an ecosystem
• OpenFlow/SDN networks are being deployed
– R&E networks around the world
Time for regionals to get involved. Take advantage of GPO Solicitation 3.
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New Data Center
Cost200,000 serversFanout of 20 10,000 switches$5k commercial switch $50M$1k custom-built switch $10M
Savings in 10 data centers = $400M
Control
•Optimize for features needed•Customize for services & apps•Quickly improve and innovate
The value prop applies to enterprise and service provider networks
Cellular Networks
• Recently made transition to IP
• Billions of mobile users
• Need to securely extract payments and hold users accountable
• IP is dreadful at both, yet hard to change
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Telco Operators e.g. AT&T, DT, NTT, …
• Global IP traffic will grow 5x by 2013
• End-customer monthly bill remains unchanged
• Therefore, CAPEX and OPEX need to be reduced 5x by 2013
• But in practice, reduces by <20% per year
Q: How can operators reduce cost?
Q: How can they differentiate their service?
A: SDN is a potential solution they want to explore
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OpenFlow building blocks
ControllerNicira NOXNicira NOX
SlicingSoftwareFlowVisorFlowVisor
FlowVisorConsole
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ApplicationsLAVILAVIENVI (GUI)ENVI (GUI) GENI AggregateManager
GENI AggregateManagern-Castingn-Casting
NetFPGANetFPGASoftware Ref. SwitchSoftware
Ref. SwitchBroadcom Ref. SwitchBroadcom Ref. Switch
OpenWRTOpenWRT PCEngine WiFi AP
PCEngine WiFi AP
Commercial Switches Stanford Provided
OpenFlowSwitches
SNACSNAC
Stanford Provided
Monitoring/debugging toolsoflopsoflopsoftraceoftrace openseeropenseer
OpenVSwitchOpenVSwitch
HP, NEC, Pronto, Juniper.. and many more
HP, NEC, Pronto, Juniper.. and many more
OpenFlow Vendor Hardware
more to follow...
NEC IP8800HP ProCurve
5400 and others
JuniperMX-series
Cisco Catalyst 6k(prototype)Core
Router
EnterpriseCampusData Center
CircuitSwitch
Wireless
Pronto
Prototype Product
Ciena CoreDirector
WiMAX (NEC)
Arista 7100 series (Q4 2010)
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Commercial VendorsModel Price/Config Software Virtualize
HP Procurve 5400zl
~$4000 for 48x1Gbps
OF ver 1.0+ legacy
1 OF instance per VLAN
NEC IP8800 ~Ask NEC for 48x1Gbps + 2x10 Gbps
OF ver 1.0 + legacy
1 OF instance per virtual switch
Toroki Lightswitch 4810
~$4500 for 48x1Gbps + 2x10 Gbps
OF ver 0.8.9 + legacy
1 OF instance per virtual switch
Quanta LB4G with Stanford software
~$2500 for 48x1Gbps + 2x10 Gbps
OF ver 1.0(No legacy)
1 OF instance per switch
Ecosystem coming together
Data CenterGoogle, Amazon,
Microsoft, ..
NW ProviderDT, DoCoMo
(Level3, BT, Verizon,..)
Data CenterGoogle, Amazon,
Microsoft, ..
NW ProviderDT, DoCoMo
(Level3, BT, Verizon,..)
Providers
Researchers
Research & Education Networks
Researchers
Research & Education Networks
Academy
Chip Vendors
Switch/Router Vendors - Enterprise & Backbone - Packet & Circuit - Wireless
New Class
Chip Vendors
Switch/Router Vendors - Enterprise & Backbone - Packet & Circuit - Wireless
New Class
Vendors (Hardware/Software)
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Disclaimer: level of the interest differs
Exec Summary• OpenFlow/SDN enables innovations within
– Enterprise, backbone, & data center networks
– Represents a promising architecture direction
• Providers like it for their own reasons
– Enabling an ecosystem
• OpenFlow/SDN networks are being deployed
– R&E networks around the world
Time for regionals to get involved. Take advantage of GPO Solicitation 3.
OpenFlow Deployment at Stanford
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• OpenFlow-enabled buildings• Gates Computer Science Building• CIS EE Building• Packard EE Building (soon)
• 20 switches from NEC, HP and Pronto•50 OpenFlow enabled WiFi APs• WiMAX OpenFlow Service
KOREA OpenFlow Network
Seoul
Daejeon
Deagu
Busan
Gwangju
Suwon
Controller
VLAN on KOREN
OpenFlow Switch (Linux PC)
NOX OpenFlow Controller
TJB
TJB Broadcasting Company
Japan OpenFlow Network
Sapporo Studio
Asahi Broadcasting Cooperation (ABC) at Osaka, Japan
Sapporo Japan
Server
Data Transmission
An Experiment of OpenFlow-enabled Network (Feb. 2009 - Sapporo Snow Festival Video Transmission)
A video clip of Sapporo snow festival is transmitted to TJB (Daejeon, KOREA) via ABC server (Osaka, JAPAN).
Three New EU Projects:Ophelia, SPARC, CHANGE
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L2 Packet Wireless Routing
Pan-European experimental facility
L2 Packet Optics Content delivery
L2 Packet Shadow
networks
L2 L3Packet Optics Content delivery
L2 Packet Emulation Wireless Content
delivery
Campuses and Backbones are participating…
Time for regionals to deploy, experiment with and benefit
from OpenFlow/SDN
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Regional Opportunity
Partner with Stanford, network researchers, and industry to bring innovations to your network
and to your customers
Deploy OpenFlow packet and circuit infrastructureAllow researchers to innovate on top
Take control of your own infrastructure and innovate services as you need them
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Regionals Well PositionedYou have• an infrastructure connecting key institutions• strong relationships with vendors• experience deploying experimental facilities• a track record
– deploying high end technologies in support of E-Science applications
You have NOT • enabled Internet architecture research as much and
this is the time to do this
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Interested? Contact Guru Parulkar (parulkar@stanford.edu) or Matt Davy (mpd@grnoc.iu.edu)
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