open source or free tuning tools for oracle databases

hitchhikers guide to free Oracle tuning toolsa quick guide

Björn Rost

• Consultant– Oracle Database HA, Tuning, etc– Linux&Solaris automation

• Oracle ACE Director• (ex) president RAC SIG• organizer OTN EMEA tour

ABOUT ME

ABOUT PYTHIANPythian’s 400+ IT professionals help companies adopt and manage disruptive technologies to better compete

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WHY ORACLE?• basic operations same

between DBs• instrumentation makes the

difference• allows to deeply investigate

and explain issues

(WRONG) TUNING CYCLE

change

DON’T BE A STORMTROOPER DBA

TUNING CYCLE

understand

change

measure

TUNING IS SIMPLE, REALLY

LAST WEEK’S EXAMPLE• increasing gap in standby db

– change max_archive_processes parameter– change some other parameters– try rman recovery vs MRP– increase parallelism– reduce parallelism– try more silver bullets…– have SRE look into IO issues– have SRE look at CPU issues

change

LAST WEEK’S EXAMPLE• select event from v$sessionwhere program like '%MRP%’– PX deq credit: send blkd– PX deq credit: need buffer

• search for that on MOS– 10.2 Parallel Standby Recovery Process Is Very Slow (Doc ID 420337.1)

• PARALLEL_EXECUTION_MESSAGE_SIZE=16k

understand

change

measure

report real-time historic drill-down

ENTERPRISE MANAGER • incredibly useful and thought through• from vendor, perfectly integrated• many common views and methods

– coloured AAS view– Top-SQL view– Real-Time SQL monitor– blocking session tree– AWR Reports– ADDM and other advisors

ENTERPRISE MANAGER

SO WHY USE CLI TOOLS?• not licensed for Diag&Tuning

– Standard Edition– EE without Diag&Tuning (a cardinal sin)

• very low throughput or no GUI access• EM not setup/installed

– 12c EM express can get the job done• you simply want to look like a nerd

WHY OPEN SOURCE• see and learn

– you can actually look at the code you are running• collaborate and contribute

– want a new feature? implement yourself!• free(*) means

– no costs (duh)– get up and running really fast– don’t worry about audits

RLSQLPLUS• sqlplus on steroids• edit sqlplus CLI• history

– up/down arrow– search with CTRL-r

• auto-completion– against custom wordlist

RLSQLPLUS INSTALLATION STEP1[root@kickpuppet ~]# yum install http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/rlwrap-0.42-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

================================================================================ Package Arch Version Repository Size================================================================================Installing: rlwrap x86_64 0.41-1.el6 epel 92 k

Transaction Summary================================================================================Install 1 Package(s)

Installing : rlwrap-0.41-1.el6.x86_64 1/1 Verifying : rlwrap-0.41-1.el6.x86_64 1/1

Installed: rlwrap.x86_64 0:0.41-1.el6

Complete!

RLSQLPLUS INSTALLATION STEP2• optional: download or generate wordfile

– for autocompletion

$ curl -o wordfile.txt http://blog.tanelpoder.com/files/scripts/setup/wordfile_11gR2.txt

http://blog.tanelpoder.com/files/scripts/setup/

RLSQLPLUS INSTALLATION STEP 3• create aliases around sqlplus

– and rman– and dgmgrl

• avoid overriding the original name

alias rlsqlplus='rlwrap -D2 -irc -b'\''"@(){}[],+=&^%#;|\'\'' -f ~/wordfile.txt sqlplus'alias rlrman='rlwrap -D2 -irc -b'\''"@(){}[],+=&^%#;|\'\'' rman'

SQLCL• sqlplus “replacement” from SQLdeveloper team

– history and editor– auto-completion– auto-formatting

• ansiconsole for col widths• json, xml, csv etc

– tons of good stuff

AAS VIEW• my favourite real-time DB dashboard• one-glance DB activity overview• colour-coded

– red -> blocking, app, concurrency– blue -> IO, missing indexes, etc– green -> CPU, executing too much?– other -> weird, take a look

AAS VIEW

WEB-ASH• simple and free• reads v$session by default• stores data in plain files• lean javascript to display

http://datavirtualizer.com/web-ash-w-ash/

MOATS• top-like output that refreshes• excellent overview• needs small installation on database• samples v$-views while running• improved forks

– MOATS 2.0– SQL Dashboard

MOATS OUTPUTMOATS: The Mother Of All Tuning Scripts v1.0 by Adrian Billington & Tanel Poder http://www.oracle-developer.net & http://www.e2sn.com+ INSTANCE SUMMARY ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Instance: KICKPUPPET | Execs/s: 581.6 | sParse/s: 60.0 | LIOs/s: 4989.5 | Read MB/s: 0.7 || Cur Time: 19-Nov 21:11:09 | Calls/s: 164.2 | hParse/s: 0.0 | PhyRD/s: 86.7 | Write MB/s: 1.6 || History: 0h 9m 45s | Commits/s: 50.3 | ccHits/s: 578.8 | PhyWR/s: 112.7 | Redo MB/s: 0.2 |+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

+ TOP SQL_ID (child#) -----+ TOP SESSIONS ---------+ + TOP WAITS -------------------------+ WAIT CLASS -+| 29% | 7t0959msvyt5g (0) | 78,65 | | 29% | db file sequential read | User I/O || 14% | () | | | 29% | ON CPU | ON CPU || 14% | 147a57cxq3w5y (0) | 70 | | 14% | oracle thread bootstrap | Other || 14% | gh2g2tynpcpv1 (0) | 65 | | 14% | resmgr:cpu quantum | Scheduler || 14% | 4phvdvx32a3mf (0) | 73 | | 14% | db file parallel read | User I/O |+--------------------------------------------------+ +--------------------------------------------------+

+ TOP SQL_ID ----+ PLAN_HASH_VALUE + SQL TEXT ---------------------------------------------------------------+| 7t0959msvyt5g | 856749079 | SELECT ORDER_ID, ORDER_DATE, ORDER_MODE, CUSTOMER_ID, ORDER_STATUS, ORD || | | ER_TOTAL, SALES_REP_ID, PROMOTION_ID, WAREHOUSE_ID, DELIVERY_TYPE, COST |+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +| 147a57cxq3w5y | 0 | BEGIN :1 := orderentry.browseproducts(:2 ,:3 ,:4 ); END; |+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +| gh2g2tynpcpv1 | 0 | INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS ( CUSTOMER_ID , CUST_FIRST_NAME , CUST_LAST_NAME || | | , NLS_LANGUAGE , NLS_TERRITORY , CREDIT_LIMIT , CUST_EMAIL , ACCOUNT_MG |+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +| 4phvdvx32a3mf | 0 | begin prvt_ilm.stopjobs(-1,true,true,:1); end; |+ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +

MOATS 2.0 OUTPUT

SNAPPER• realtime session monitor and drill-downs• just one sqlscript to run

– no installation needed• runs for sample period

– “snaps” v$session etc– reports on diffs

• two modes– “ash” for v$session– stats for v$sesstat http://tech.e2sn.com/oracle-scripts-and-tools/session-snapper

SNAPPER ARGUMENTS• snapper ash 5 1 all

– mode can be ash, stat or custom column list– seconds to run/sample– number of runs– “all” or filter on v$session columns

• sid=42• username=brost

AAS IN SNAPPERSQL> @snapper ash=wait_class 5 1 allSampling SID all with interval 5 seconds, taking 1 snapshots...

-- Session Snapper v4.11 - by Tanel Poder ( http://blog.tanelpoder.com ) -- Enjoy the Most Advanced Oracle Troubleshooting Script on the Planet!

-- End of ASH snap 1, end=2014-11-19 16:23:06, seconds=5, samples_taken=43

SNAPPER STATS MODESQL> @snapper stats,gather=tw 15 1 sid=70Sampling SID sid=70 with interval 15 seconds, taking 1 snapshots...

-- Session Snapper v4.11 BETA - by Tanel Poder ( http://blog.tanelpoder.com ) - Enjoy the Most Advanced Oracle Troubleshooting Script on the Planet! :)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SID, USERNAME , TYPE, STATISTIC , DELTA, HDELTA/SEC, %TIME, GRAPH , NUM_WAITS, WAITS/SEC, AVERAGES--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 70, SOE , TIME, repeated bind elapsed time , 300, 19.8us, .0%, [ ], , , 70, SOE , TIME, parse time elapsed , 9272, 611.99us, .1%, [ ], , , 70, SOE , TIME, PL/SQL execution elapsed time, 230999, 15.25ms, 1.5%, [# ], , , 70, SOE , TIME, DB CPU , 569000, 37.56ms, 3.8%, [@ ], , , 70, SOE , TIME, sql execute elapsed time , 1730975, 114.25ms, 11.4%, [## ], , , 70, SOE , TIME, DB time , 2038543, 134.55ms, 13.5%, [## ], , , .88 % unaccounted 70, SOE , WAIT, log file sync , 235408, 15.54ms, 1.6%, [W ], 183, 12.08, 1.29ms average 70, SOE , WAIT, db file sequential read , 1123224, 74.14ms, 7.4%, [W ], 397, 26.2, 2.83ms average 70, SOE , WAIT, db file parallel read , 52763, 3.48ms, .3%, [ ], 3, .2, 17.59ms average 70, SOE , WAIT, latch: In memory undo latch , 499, 32.94us, .0%, [ ], 1, .07, 499us average 70, SOE , WAIT, resmgr:cpu quantum , 51794, 3.42ms, .3%, [ ], 3, .2, 17.26ms average 70, SOE , WAIT, SQL*Net message to client , 1458, 96.23us, .0%, [ ], 393, 25.94, 3.71us average 70, SOE , WAIT, SQL*Net message from client , 60177, 3.97ms, .4%, [ ], 393, 25.94, 153.12us average 70, SOE , WAIT, PL/SQL lock timer , 12918348, 852.66ms, 85.3%, [WWWWWWWWW ], 1328, 87.65, 9.73ms average 70, SOE , WAIT, events in waitclass Other , 960, 63.36us, .0%, [ ], 2, .13, 480us average

-- End of Stats snap 1, end=2014-11-20 08:04:39, seconds=15.2

TOP SQLSQL> @snapper ash=sql_id+wait_class 15 1 user=soeSampling SID user=soe with interval 15 seconds, taking 1 snapshots...

-- Session Snapper v4.11 BETA - by Tanel Poder ( http://blog.tanelpoder.com )-- Enjoy the Most Advanced Oracle Troubleshooting Script on the Planet! :)

-- End of ASH snap 1, end=2014-11-20 06:14:42, seconds=15, samples_taken=100

SQLDEVELOPER

HISTORIC PERFORMANCE• moats, snapper etc only sample when running• EE (+diag/tuning) has ASH and AWR

AWR REPORTS -> STATSPACK• good for a high-level overview• AWR has a bit more “stuff” than statspack• AWR is setup automatically (60min snaps)

– be mindful of averages• but AWR needs EE and diag&tuning pack

STATSPACK IN 12C• no problem in non-CDB• with multitenant would make most sense in CDB

– but not really supported due to common user c#...• there is a nasty and unsupported workaround

https://jonathanlewis.wordpress.com/2013/07/04/12c-statspack-hack/

ORASASH• does pretty much what ASH does (but for free)• sample and store information from v$-views• mostly compatible with EE ASH

– ashmon– ashmasters etc

• stores data from multiple sources in repo db– minimal footprint in source, only view and dblink

http://pioro.github.io/orasash/

SQLT• oracle supported scripts• needs a schema an installation in db

– (this is annoying)• will gather *everything* about a single SQL

– option to use diag&tuning• output is one zipped html archive

Metalink Doc id 215187.1

SQLD360• sql scope (just like SQLT)• needs no installation• one zipfile including html output

http://mauro-pagano.com/2015/02/16/sqld360-sql-diagnostics-collection-made-faster/

SQLD SCREENSHOTS

SQLD INCLUDES SQLSELECT MIN(a.snap_id) snap_id, TO_CHAR(a.begin_interval_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI') begin_time, TO_CHAR(a.end_interval_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI') end_time, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.elapsed_time_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) elapsed_time, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.cpu_time_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) cpu_time, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.iowait_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) iowait, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.clwait_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) clwait, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.apwait_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) apwait, NVL(TRUNC(SUM(b.ccwait_total/NVL(NULLIF(executions_total,0),1)/1e6),3),0) ccwaitFROM (SELECT snap_id, instance_number, elapsed_time_total, cpu_time_total, iowait_total, clwait_total, apwait_total, ccwait_total, executions_total FROM dba_hist_sqlstat WHERE sql_id = 'gm9dkz4u1hwfv') b, (SELECT snap_id, instance_number, begin_interval_time, end_interval_time FROM dba_hist_snapshot WHERE snap_id BETWEEN 0 AND 166142) a WHERE a.snap_id = b.snap_id(+) AND a.instance_number = b.instance_number(+) AND 'Y' = 'Y' AND a.instance_number = a.instance_number GROUP BY TO_CHAR(a.begin_interval_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI'), TO_CHAR(a.end_interval_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI') ORDER BY TO_CHAR(a.end_interval_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI');

1850 rows selected.

EDB360• database scope• no installation needed!

– just run a sqlfile• creates one zipfile with html for offline viewing

– also AWR etc• T | D | N control for access packs• convenient: graphs http://www.enkitec.com/products/edb360

EDB SCREENSHOTS

TUNAS360• best of sqld and snapper• samples v$-views for period

– works without AWR/ASH license!• produces output like sqld

TUNAS SCREENSHOTS

GOOD OLD 10046 TRACE• guaranteed to catch everything (unlike sampling)

– why not turn on instance-wide?• overhead vs usefulness?

• no license needed at all

READING TRACEFILES• sqldeveloper• trcanlzr

– needs installing but now also part of SQLT• Kyle Hailey’s script

– https://github.com/khailey/oracle_trace_parsing/• Chris Antognini’s script

– https://antognini.ch/downloads/top2/chapter03/tvdxtat_40beta10_20140630.zip

REVIEW• make sqlplus great again

– rlsqlplus– sqlcl

• real-time analysis– snapper– moats– web-ash– sqldeveloper instance

viewer– TUNAs360

• historical analysis– Orasash / S-ASH– statspack– SQLT– eDB360– sqld360

• 10046 tracing– raw– various analyzers

@brosthttp://www.pythian.com/blogrost@pythian.com

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