occupational safety & health risk management

Occupational Safety & Health Risk Management

Dr. Kumaran @ Dr.AKPhD Business AdministrationMaster Environment Health Safety

Learning Objectives

▪ To enable the participants to:

- identify basic elements of an OSH

Risk Management System ; and

- establish and implement proper

OSH Risk Management System.

WHAT IS AN OSHR M?

A set of interrelated or interacting

elements to establish OSH policy

and objectives and to achieve

those objectives

MS 1722 : PART 2 : 2003

ISO 45001 - 2018

WH A T I S T H E A I M A N OSH RISK Management ?

• To create a safe working environment

whilst achieving organisational goals in

the conduct of the day to day business

of the organisation.

• To enable an organisation to establish a

prevention risk in system to safeguard

the working environment.

OSHMS DEVELOPMENT

1996BS 8800

2003MS 1722PART 2

2001ILO OSH

2000OHSAS 18002

1999OHSAS 18001

2018ISO

45001

OSH MS in the Market

OSH Management System MS:1722 – based on ILO-OSH 2001.Malaysia

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Federal Register, 12/4/1988; Voluntary Protection Programmes (VPP).

United States of America

Victoria - Australia

Issued by Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand — AS/NZS 4801, 4804:1997 on OHSMS general guidelines on principles, systems and supporting techniques.

Issued by Health and Safety Organization (HSO), Victoria, widely referred to as Safety Management Achievement Programme (Safety Map).

Australia/New Zealand

ILO Guidelines on OSH Management System – ILO-OSH 2001.International Labour Organisation(ILO)

OHSAS 18001:1999 – Occupational Health & Safety Assessment Series.

British Standard on OH&S Management Systems - BS 8800:1996.United Kingdom

Standards & GuidelinesCountry

ISO 45001:2018 – Occupational Health & Safety Management System

OSHMS STANDARDS

▪ OHSAS 18001 : 1999 - Occupational Health and Safety

Management Systems – SPECIFICATION

▪ OHSAS 18002 : 2000 - Occupational Health and Safety

Management Systems – GUIDELINES for Implementation of OHSAS

18001

▪ MS 1722 : PART 1 : 2005 - Occupational Health and Safety

Management Systems – Part 1 : REQUIREMENTS

▪ MS 1722 : Part 2 : 2003 - Occupational Health and Safety

Management Systems – Part 2 : GUIDELINES

DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDS

• OHSAS 18001 : 1999 - Developed by a group of

leading certification and standards bodies, and

published by the British Standards Institution (BSI).

• Comes into effect on 15 April 1999

• MS 1722 : PART 1 : 2005 – Developed by

Occupational Health and Safety Industry Standards

Committee (ISC) from Government agencies, NGOs,

Institutions of Higher Learning

• Comes into effect on 2005

COMPARISON BETWEEN

MS 1722 : PART 1

• A Malaysian Standard

• A standard on OSH MS

• A standard that can be adopted by

industries to implement their OSH

MS

• A standard that can be used for

certification

OHSAS 18001

• A standard developed by a

group of national standards

bodies, accreditation bodies and

certification bodies.

• A standard on OSH MS

• A standard that can be

adopted by industries to

implement their OSH MS

• A standard that can be used

for certification

Convert to ISO45001 2018 by 2021

OSH Risk Management BENEFITS

• Eliminate or minimize risks to employees

• Show evidence of systematic arrangements are in place to

carry out the OSH policy and Objective

• Improve conformance with legal requirements

• Improve employees attitude towards health and safety

• Continually improve OSH performance

OSHRMS & OSHA

NEW REGULATION UNDER OSHA

(DRAFT STAGE)

▪ Any employer of any of the

industries listed in the First

Schedule shall establish,

implement and maintain an

OSH–MS.

OSHRMS & OSHA

FIRST SCHEDULE1. Any building operation or works of engineering construction in which –

a) The project cost is more than 10 million ringgit and the sites are located –

i) in the city center; orii) in a congested or high-density residential areas; orii) in an area where the safety of the public including

pedestrian and vehicular traffic, are at risk posed by activities of work at the construction sites.

b)The project cost is more than 20 million ringgit.

WHAT SOULD WE DO?

A Risk management system to manage health andsafety with the same degree of expertise and to thesame standard as other business activities so as tocontrol risks and prevent harm to people

Principles of OSH MS

Propulsive Employees

Power –(Participation

& Cooperation)

Rotating Power – The Person Responsible for OSH MS

Tractive Power – Employer(Commitment & Leadership)

Raising the level of OSH MS in the Organisation

Overview of OSH MS (MS1722)

▪ Developed by based on ILO-OSH 2001.

▪ ILO-OSH 2001 - Based on internationally agreed

principles defined by the ILO's tripartite constituents.

▪ This tripartite approach provides the strength,

flexibility and appropriate basis for the development

of a sustainable safety culture in the organization.

▪ Voluntary basis.

Overview of OSH MS (MS1722)

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

Policy

POLICY

1 OSH Policy2 Employee Participation

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

OSH Policy

Employer shall prepare a written policy in consultation with

employees.

▪ Appropriate to the organization.▪ Concise, easily understood, dated and endorsed by the

employer.

▪ Include commitment to comply with legal requirements.

▪ Communicated and readily accesible

▪ Continuously reviewed

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

OSH Policy

Principles of OSH in policy statement

▪ Working in safe & healthy condition

▪ Osh is everyone’s responsibility

▪ Osh is as important as quality, production & cost control

▪ Hazards will be identified & controlled

▪ Osh education will be ongoing

▪ Osh meeting & inspection will be held

▪ All accidents will be reported & investigated

SAMPLE OSH POLICY

CSHO CONSTRUCTION SDN BHD emphasizes the importance of

Occupational Safety and Health aspects in its operations and hereby

committed to:

iii.

i. Provision of necessary resources and promotion of safety

and health awareness among the staff.

ii. Compliance to safety and health legislation and relevant

requirements.

Continuous improvement of OSH practices and

Management System.

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

POLICYEmployee Participation

▪ Employees shall be consulted, informed and

trained.

▪ Participate actively in OSHMS

▪ Safety and Health Committee must be

established

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

Organising

ORGANISING

1 Responsibility & Accountability

2 Competence & Training

3 OSHMS Documentation

4 Communication

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

2. ORGANISING

1. Responsibility and Accountabilitya) Allocate, define and document

responsibility and authority for performance of OSHMS.

b) Appointment of Management Appointee @Representative

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

ORGANISING

Competence and Traininga) Personnel competency requirements must

be established.b) Training shall be provided to increase

competency.

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

ORGANISING

OSH MS Documentationa) Established and maintained.b) Clearly written, periodically reviewed and easily

accesible.c) Records shall be established –

identifiable, traceable and retention period specified.

POLICY, OBJECTIVE & MANUAL

OPERATING PROCEDURE

WORK INSTRUCTIONS

FORMS AND RECORDS

L1

L2

L3

L4

OSHMS DOCUMENTS PYRAMID

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

ORGANISING

Communicationa) Procedure for receiving, documenting and

responding.

b) Process of internal communication are clearly

addressed.

c) Provide avenue to receive input and ideas from

employees.

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

Planning & Implementation

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

12

34

Initial Review System Planning, Development & Implementation OSH Objectives Hazard Prevention

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Initial Reviewa) Prior from setting-up the OSHRMS.b) Provide basis for the OSHRMS.c) Provide baseline to measure continuous

improvement.

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

System Planning, Development & Implementation

a) OSHMS must comply with the OSH policy, legislation and standards.

b) Based on findings during initial review.

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

OSH Objectivesa) Consistent with OSH policy and laws.b) Appropriate to organization.c) SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,

Realistic, Traceable)d) Documented and communicatede) Periodically evaluated.

ELEMENTS OF MS1722: PART 1

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

OSH Objectivesa) Consistent with OSH policy and laws.b) Appropriate to organization.c) SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable,

Realistic, Traceable)d) Documented and Communicatede) Periodically evaluated.

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Hazard Prevention (4 sub elements)1 Prevention and control measures.

2 Management of change.

3 Emergency prevention, preparedness and

response.

4 Operational Procedures (Procurement &

Contracting).

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Prevention & Control Measures▪ HIRARC▪ Hierarchy of controls (eliminate, substitute,

Isolation, minimise through engineering, minimise through administration, PPE).

▪ According to laws and regulations.▪ Including routine, non-routine activities and

facilities at workplace.

RISK MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Prevention & Control Measures▪ Sources of Information

▪ Legislation and code of practice

▪ Industry or trade

association guide

▪ Process flow

▪ Roles & Responsibilities

▪ Materials purchased

EXAMPLE RISK MATRIX TABLE

RISK

HIRARC EXAMPLE

HIRARC EXAMPLE

HIRARC EXAMPLE

HIRARC EXAMPLE

Recommended Control Measures

Re - RISK ANALYSIS

RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Management of Changea) Addresses OSH concerns when there is new

processes or operations (internal changes) or changes in law or regulations (external changes).

b) HIRARC must be conducted before changes took place.

RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Emergency Prevention, Preparedness and Response

a) Procedure, plans and arrangements must beestablished.

b) Cooperate with external emergency services.

c) Periodically tested.

RISK MANAGEMENT “PLANNING”

PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION

Operation

Procurementa) Compliance of OSH requirements is

incorporated at procurement stage.

Contractinga) OSHMS requirements are imposed to the

contractors.

RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”

EVALUATION

1) Performance Monitoring & Measurement

2) Investigation of Work- Related Injuries, ill, Diseases

& Near Misses and Their Impact on OSH Performance

Evaluation.

3) Audit4) Management Review

EVALUATION

RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”

EVALUATION

Performance Monitoring & Measurement

a) Provision of KPI.b) Provide feedback on OSH performance.c) Active and reactive monitoring e.g. statistics.d) Basis of improvement for HIRARC system.

RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”

EVALUATION

Investigation of injuries, disabilities, ill health, diseases and near misses

a) Notification and reporting to authoritiesb) Investigation procedurec) Resolution of Safety and

Health committeea) Corrective actions

RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”

EVALUATION

Audita) Periodic exercise to determine implementation of

OSHMS.b) Audit procedure and

programa) Results communicated for

corrective actions.

RISK MANAGEMENT “EVALUATION”

EVALUATION

Management Reviewa) Review suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of

OSHMSb) Chaired by Top Managementc) Conducted periodicallyd) Resolution documented and measures

adopted for improvement.

RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”

Action forImprovement

ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT

1 Preventive & Corrective Action

2 Continual Improvement

ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT

Preventive and Corrective Action

a) Through performance monitoring and measurement, audit or management review

b) Actions adopted in response to, or in anticipation of, system breakdowns or high hazard/riskevents.

RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”

ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT

Continual Improvementa) Ongoing improvement of OSHMS.

b) Measurable improvement is only attainable if

measurable OSH objectives are chosen.

c) May mean reduction in injury rates or

meeting objectives.

d) Requires that the organisation collects

suitable performance data.

RISK MANAGEMENT “ACTION & IMPROVEMENT”

Developing an OSH MS

CERTIFICATION STAGE

APPROVAL COMPLIANCEAUDIT

SURVEILLANCE AUDIT

APPLICATION

DOCUMENTATION AUDIT

INITIAL AUDIT

REVIEWING EXISTING OSHMS

1. Recommended after six months of implementation.

2. Committee is to monitor the progress.3. Check implementation according to plan.4. Verify problems in complying to the system

requirements.5. Monitor achievement of OSH program

objectives.

REVIEWING EXISTING OSHMS

6. Reviews and revisions should occur on an ongoing basis and as when the need arise, include:a) Changes in the workplace that may affect health or

safety.b) Review the program when new hazards are

discovered.c) Problems identified through inspections, concerns, audits,

and investigations.d) Better ways of doing the job are identified

END