nuclear fission and fusion. warm - up what do you know, or think you know, about nuclear fission and...

Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fission and FusionFusion

Warm - UpWarm - Up

What do you know, or think you know, about What do you know, or think you know, about nuclear fission and fusion?nuclear fission and fusion?

ObjectivesObjectives

Today I will be able to:Today I will be able to:Distinguish between different types of radiation with Distinguish between different types of radiation with respect to their penetration power.respect to their penetration power.

Complete a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast Complete a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast nuclear fission and fusion.nuclear fission and fusion.

Review atom concepts to prepare for an examReview atom concepts to prepare for an exam

HomeworkHomework

Study for the Atom Exam on Monday/ Tuesday of Study for the Atom Exam on Monday/ Tuesday of Next WeekNext Week

Keep working on data collection for STEM fairKeep working on data collection for STEM fair

AgendaAgenda

Warm – upWarm – up

Collect STEM introductionsCollect STEM introductions

Review Gamma, Positron and Electron CaptureReview Gamma, Positron and Electron Capture

Radioactivity Equation PracticeRadioactivity Equation Practice

Nuclear Chemistry NotesNuclear Chemistry Notes

Fission vs. Fusion Venn DiagramFission vs. Fusion Venn Diagram

Atom Exam ReviewAtom Exam Review

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Radiation Composition

& Symbol

Is shielded or stopped by?

Alpha

Beta

Gamma

Radiation Composition

& Symbol

Is shielded or stopped by?

Alpha 2 p+ and 2 n0

Beta Stream of high speed e-

Gamma Very high energy electromagnetic radiation

Shielding RadiationShielding Radiation, aluminum

Radiation Composition

& Symbol

Is shielded or stopped by?

Alpha 2 p+ and 2 n0 paper

Beta Stream of high speed e-

Clothing, wood

Gamma Very high energy electromagnetic radiation

Concrete, lead

Nuclear FissionNuclear FissionA heavy nucleus splits into more stable nuclei of A heavy nucleus splits into more stable nuclei of intermediate mass.intermediate mass.

Atomic BombsAtomic BombsAtomic bombs are an example of Atomic bombs are an example of Fission Reactions.Fission Reactions.

““Little boy” and “Fat man” were Little boy” and “Fat man” were Atomic bombs made from fission Atomic bombs made from fission reactions with uranium and reactions with uranium and plutonium respectively.plutonium respectively.

A fission chain reaction is started and A fission chain reaction is started and continues until the bomb destroys continues until the bomb destroys itself.itself.

Little Boy and Fat ManLittle Boy and Fat Man

Nuclear Power PlantsNuclear Power Plants

map: Nuclear Energy Institute

Nuclear Power PlantsNuclear Power PlantsUranium-235 undergoes nuclear fission and Uranium-235 undergoes nuclear fission and releases thermal (heat) energy. releases thermal (heat) energy.

This turns water to steam which spins This turns water to steam which spins turbines.turbines.

The turbines produce electrical energy.The turbines produce electrical energy.

Nuclear waste is fuel rods with unreacted Nuclear waste is fuel rods with unreacted uranium and radioactive products of fission. uranium and radioactive products of fission. Right now this waste is buried in waste Right now this waste is buried in waste management facilities, like Yucca Mountain.management facilities, like Yucca Mountain.

Maryland Nuclear Power Maryland Nuclear Power PlantPlant

Calvert Cliffs is Maryland’snuclear power plant

http://www.cleanenergyinsight.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/yuccamountain.jpg

Nuclear FusionNuclear FusionLow-mass nuclei combine to form a heavier, Low-mass nuclei combine to form a heavier, more stable nucleus.more stable nucleus.

Hydrogen Hydrogen BombsBombs

Hydrogen bombs are an example of nuclear Hydrogen bombs are an example of nuclear fusion.fusion.

Two isotopes of hydrogen, Two isotopes of hydrogen, 22H and H and 33H, fuse H, fuse together and produce a lot of energy in the together and produce a lot of energy in the process. process.

H-bombs release significantly more energy H-bombs release significantly more energy than atomic bombs.than atomic bombs.

The Sun: Nuclear The Sun: Nuclear FusionFusion

Sun

+ +

Fourhydrogen

nuclei(protons)

Two betaparticles

(electrons)

Oneheliumnucleus

He e2 H4 4

2

0

1-

1

1 + Energy

Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion

A heavy atom splits into two or more lighter nuclei

Ex: Atomic Bombs & Nuclear reactors

High temp and pressure are used to combine light atoms to make heavier atoms

Ex: Fuels the sun and stars & Hydrogen Bombs

Release huge

amounts of energy

Produce nuclear waste

Comparing Fission and Comparing Fission and FusionFusion

http://media-1.web.britannica.com/eb-media/03/72203-035-4D92BDBC.jpg

Did You Know ?Did You Know ?

http://www.ambrosevideo.com/resources/documents/89.jpg

The Next SlideThe Next Slide

The next slide shows a great flow diagram The next slide shows a great flow diagram that links a lot of radioactive decay that links a lot of radioactive decay concepts.concepts.

http://images4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20060611033960/schools/images/0/0b/Chart.JPG

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