nuclear battery

NUCLEAR BATTERIES

SHEFFIN M BROLL NO: 46

S8ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGG

GOVT ENGINEERING COLLEGEIDUKKI

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

CLASSIFICATION

BETAVOLTAICS

DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS

OPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERY

CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY

ADVANTAGES

APPLICATIONS

RECENT ADVANCEMENTS

REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION NUCLEAR BATTERIES CONVERT THE ENERGY OF PARTICLES

EMITTED FROM ATOMIC NUCLEI TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY UTILISES NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY POWER SUPPLIES IN THE INTERMEDIATE POWER RANGE LONG LIFE SPAN CLEAN , SAFE AND ENDLESS ENERGY PROMISING TECHNOLOGY

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS IDEA INTRODUCED BY TRACER LAB IN 1950 THERMO-ELECTRIC GENERATORS UTILISING KINETIC ENERGY OF PARTICLES PAUL BROWN’S NUCLEAR BATTERYMETHOD TO HARNESS MAGNETIC ENERGY EMITTED BY ALPHA AND BETA PARTICLES

CLASSIFICATIONTHERMOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERYBETAVOLTAICSDIRECT CHARGING GENERATORSOPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERYCATILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY

BETAVOLTAICS USES ENERGY FROM BETA PARTICLESA SILICON WAFER IS USED TO CAPTURE BETA PARTICLESRADIATION ABSORBED IN THE VICINITY OF PN JUNCTION CREATES ELECTRON HOLE PAIRS

BETAVOLTAICS

DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS

ENERGY RELEASED DURING RADIOACTIVE DECAY IS UTILISED IN SUSTAINING OSCILLATIONS IN A HIGH-Q LC TANK CIRCUIT

DIRECT CHARGING GENERATORS

OPTOELECTRIC NUCLEAR BATTERY

SCINTILLATOR PHOTOCELL TYPE: ENERGY OF BETA PARTICLES IS CONVERTED INTO LIGHT ENERGY BY PHOSPHER AND Pm2O3 MIXTURE.LIGHT ENERGY IS THEN CONVERTED INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY

EXCIMER NUCLEAR BATTERY: A BETA EMITTER IS SUSPENDED IN A GAS OF EXCIMER TYPE.THE EXCIMER LINE IS SELECTED FOR RADIOACTIVITY INTO A SURROUNDING PHOTOVOLTAIC LAYER

CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY

CANTILEVER NUCLEAR BATTERY

BETA PARTICLES FLY FROM THE SOURCE AND ACCUMULATE ON THE COPPER SHEET. THE SHEET GETS NEGATIVELY CHARGED

ELECTROSTATIC FORCE OF ATTRACTION BETWEEN THE SHEET AND SOURCE BENDS THE SILICON CANTILEVER

WHEN THE SHEET TOUCHES THE RADIOACTIVE SOURCE THE ELECTRONS FLOW BACK TO IT AND THE ATTRACTIVE FORCE CEASES.THE CANTILEVER BENDS BACK

THIS OSCILLATORY MOTION IS USED TO GENERATE ELECTRICITY

FUEL CONSIDERATIONS

AVOIDAL OF GAMMA IN THE DECAY CHAINHALF LIFEWATCH OUT FOR (ALPHA N) REACTIONSPARTICLE RANGE

ADVANTAGES

LONG LIFELIGHTSMALL SIZEHIGH ENERGY DENSITY

APPLICATIONS

SPACE APPLICATIONSMEDICAL APPLICATIONSMOBILE DEVICESAUTOMOBILES MILITARY APPLICATIONSUNDERWATER PROBES AND SEA SENSORS

RECENT ADVANCEMENTS AMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERIES

RECENT ADVANCEMENTSAMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERY DEVELOPED BY THE SCIENTISTS AT BEN GURION UNIVERSITY

OF THE NEGEV IN ISRAEL UNDER PROF. YIGAL RONEN ENERGY PRODUCED BY NUCLEAR FISSION OF Am242HYPERION NUCLEAR BATTERIES DEVELOPED BY HYPERION POWER GENERATION GENERATE ELECTRICITY FOR 25000 HOMES FOR ATLEAST

5YEARSNANO NUCLEAR BATTERIESTINY NUCLEAR BATTERIES

RECENT ADVANCEMENTS

REFERENCESMCGRAW-HILL ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY,10TH EDITION,VOLUME 12,P:99-101www.wikipaedia.com/atomicbatterywww.physorg.comwww.sciencedaily.com/nukebatterywww.tfot.com“MU RESERCHERS DEVELOP PENNY SIZED NUCLEAR BATTERY

WITH LIQUID SEMICONDUCTOR” , FLORIN PANAITESCU, SOFTPAEDIA,12/08/2009

“AMERICIUM NUCLEAR BATTERY FOR SPACE APPLICATIONS: EVOLUTIONARY DESIGN”BEN GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV,INTERNATIONAL YOUTH NUCLEAR CONGRESS 18-23 JUNE 2006, STOCK HOLM