non verbal communication

NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

Presented by: Parul, Meenakshi & Sanjeev

MBA-A&FB, (3rd Sem), AIOA, 2012-14

Faculty: Dr. Indu Rampal, (Amity University)

Non Verbal Communication

• Message or response which not response in words whereas in hints, suggestions, indications…

• Unconscious parts of our behaviors. • Basic parts of our personality.• Communication researcher Mehrabian found that

only 7% of a message’s effect are carried by words; listeners receive the other 93% through non - verbal means.

• Over 65 percent of the social meaning of the messages we send to others are communicated non-verbally.

Types of Non Verbal Communication

KOPPACT• K-Kinesics• O-Occulesics• P-Proxemics• P-Paralanguage• A-Artifacts• C-Chronemics• T-Tactilics

Advantages LimitationsReliability Lack of secrecy,

Efficiency Lack of written proof

Credibility Gestures may be misunderstood

Understanding attitudes It fails to reveal past events & ideas

Face-to-face interaction are essential

More difficult to study.

Advantages & Limitation of Non-Verbal Communication

Sign Language

• Involves use of audio & visual signals• AUDIO: alarm signals- to caution people (e.g.

fire alarm, buzzers, whistlers, VIP motorcade alarm etc.)

• VISUAL: illustration in tabular, graphics, pictorial form(e.g. posters, cartoons, photographs. Statues, caricatures etc.), others includes like Traffic, Railway signals.

Body Language (Kinesics)

Messages conveyed by body movements is known as Body Language (Kinesics)

Body Parts Movements & Signs

Head High head- honour, self respect, confidenceHead bent-modesty, guilt, politeness

Facial Expression Surprise- eyebrows curve & rise upAnger- eyebrows get lower, gaze become intense

Eyes Fixed eyes- concentrationRaised eyes-surprise or fearSmiling eyes-happiness

Gestures Shuffling legs-nervousnessPounding of fist on table- anger

Body posture Erect poised, brisk walk- self esteem, high spirited, confidentArms crossed- defensive, bored or not interested

Silence• It is more eloquent than words & can

effectively express fear, anger, refusal, disapproval, resentment etc. (e.g. worker makes request for leave & his boss keep silence, indicates refusal.)

• Facial expression & posture indicates the meaning behind the silence (e.g. movies of Charlie Chaplin).

Paralanguage

• The set of nonphonemic properties of speech, such as speaking tempo, vocal pitch, and intonational contours, that can be used to communicate attitudes or other shades of meaning [Mention of Paralanguage: Since 1950 in Canon of Communication Theory]

• Language beyond language and like a language

• Role of voice/Rythum/Rate/Tone• Sarcasam, Anger, Affection, Confidence

• Pitch:(Direction of Pitch, Range of Pitch--Highness and lowness of voice, loudness, tension, resonance)

• Speed/Rate: (How fast you are speaking?)• Volume: (How loudly or softly?)• Pause: (Voice Quality: Even in Telephone)• Stress: (Volume and pitch: Amount you

emphasis placed in words)example: I like him very much

• Non Fluencies:

Chart of Feelings

Feeling Volume Pace Pitch

Anger Loud Fast High

Joy Loud Fast High

Sadness Soft Slow Low

• GaspsSudden and sharp inhalation of airOccurs from the emotion of surprise, or shock

• SighNegative emotion: Dismay, dissatisfaction, boredom, or futilityPositive emotion: Relief from negative situations or some stressful situation

Andy Murray letting out a sigh during a game. A pilot breathes a sigh of relief.

Space

• Space communicates in its own way• Communication experts call it ‘proxemics’• Distance between sender-receiver• Space is called proximity

Proxemics

• Intimate (physical contact to 18’)• personal(18’ to 4 ft.)• Social (4 to 12 ft)• Public ( 12 ft) as far as one can see or hear

Intimate Space• Very close contact is maintain• Most suitable for body language• Only very special people like family members ,

friends enter this space• Handshakes, pat at your back, eye contact

(most commonly use)• Use for confidential talks

Personal Space• From 18 inches to 4 ft• Use our intimate circle as family• Used to have normal conversation• Communication type is personal (Relaxed and

personal talk)

Social• From formal and official relationship• Mostly in business communication areas• Usually dominated by reason and planning• Most importantly spatial dimension

Public• Highly formal objective• High pitch of voice– to be heard in a big group• Public announcement and public

announcement

Surrounding• Physical environment around us• Its aspects are color and layoutColor• Conveys meanings• Different color give different attitude and

behaviors patterns and cultural backgroundLayout design• Space arrangement of the office • Decorated for good impression

Time (Chronomics)• Study of how we use time to communication• Time is money in business environment• Sends signals indicating important of time to

people• Time management is important in business• Communication should be rightly timed to be

effective

Guidelines to Improve Non Verbal Communication

• Feedback from friends• Monitor yourself (Monitor your non verbal

communication• Learn to interpret other• Audio tape/Video tape of own voice and

presentations