nervous system basics i.function ii.subdivisions iii.anatomy

Nervous System Basics

I. Function

II. Subdivisions

III. Anatomy

Functions of the Nervous System

1. Sensory Input

Functions of the Nervous System

1. Sensory Input

2. Integration

Functions of the Nervous System

1. Sensory Input

2. Integration

3. Motor Output

Nervous System Basics

I. Function

II. Subdivisions

III. Anatomy

Nervous system

CNS PNS

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord– Integration Center

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord– Integration Center– Interpret stimuli & cause motor

response

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord– Integration Center– Interpret stimuli & cause motor

responses

• Peripheral Nervous System– Spinal & Cranial Nerves

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord– Integration Center– Interpret stimuli & cause motor

responses

• Peripheral Nervous System– Spinal & Cranial Nerves – Link body to CNS

Nervous system

CNS PNS

Efferent Afferent

Subdivisions of the PNS• Sensory (Afferent) Division

– Carry impulse to CNS

Subdivisions of the PNS• Sensory (Afferent) Division

– Carry impulse to CNS

• Receptor types– Somatic sensory receptors

– Visceral sensory receptors

Nervous System Organization• Central Nervous System (CNS)

– Brain & Spinal Cord– Integration Center– Interpret stimuli & cause motor

responses

• Peripheral Nervous System– Spinal & Cranial Nerves – Link body to CNS

Subdivisions of the PNS• Motor (Efferent) Division

– Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs

Subdivisions of the PNS• Motor (Efferent) Division

– Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs

• Potential Effects:– Muscle contraction

Subdivisions of the PNS• Motor (Efferent) Division

– Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs

• Potential Effects:– Muscle contraction

– Hormone secretion

Nervous system

CNS PNS

Efferent Afferent

Somatic Autonomic

Efferent Subdivisions

• Somatic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying

impulse to _______ muscle

Efferent Subdivisions

• Somatic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying

impulse to _______ muscle

– “Voluntary Nervous System”

Efferent Subdivisions

• Somatic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying

impulse to _______ muscle

– “Voluntary Nervous System”

– Conscious control

Efferent Subdivisions

• Autonomic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying impulse

to glands, ________ & _______ muscle

Efferent Subdivisions

• Autonomic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying impulse

to glands, ________ & _______ muscle

– “Involuntary Nervous System”

Efferent Subdivisions

• Autonomic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying impulse

to glands, ________ & _______ muscle

– “Involuntary Nervous System”

– Runs on “Autopilot”

Efferent Subdivisions

• Autonomic Nervous System– Motor nerves carrying impulse

to glands, ________ & _______ muscle

– “Involuntary Nervous System”

– Runs on “Autopilot”

– Maintains homeostasis

Nervous system

CNS PNS

Efferent Afferent

Somatic Autonomic

Sympathetic Parasympathetic

Autonomic Nervous System

• Sympathetic Nervous System– Emergency situations

– “Fight of Flight” response

– Effects on body include:• sweating• scalp “prickling”• increased heart rate• Adrenalin release

• Parasympathetic– Non-emergency situations

Autonomic NS Subdivisions

• Parasympathetic– Non-emergency situations

– “Resting and Digesting”

Autonomic NS Subdivisions

Autonomic NS Subdivisions

• Parasympathetic– Non-emergency situations

– “Resting and Digesting”

– Effects include:• decreased heart rate• increases peristalsis• bladder contraction

Nervous System Basics

I. Function

II. Subdivisions

III. Anatomy

1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)• Supporting skeleton for nerves

Types of Nervous Tissue

1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)• Supporting skeleton for nerves• Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin

sheath”

Types of Nervous Tissue

1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”)• Supporting skeleton for nerves• Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin

sheath”

2. Neuron (nerve cells)• Specialized cells that transmit _________

impulses

Types of Nervous Tissue

Receive signals from other __________

Dendrites

Axon

Synaptic Terminal

Cell Body

Contains nucleus and organelles

Dendrites

Axon

Synaptic Terminal

Cell Body

Generates and transmits the ________potential

Dendrites

Axon

Synaptic Terminal

Cell Body

Dendrites

Axon

Synaptic Terminal

Cell Body

Sends chemical signalscalled _____________ to adjacent neurons

Communication Between Neurons

Synapse

Sending Neuron Receiving Neuron

What is a Nerve?

What is a Nerve?

Nerve . Bundle

Nerve

Neuron

Motor root - Carries signal out to organs

Motor root - Carries signal out to organs

Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs

Motor root - Carries signal out to organs

Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs

Motor + Sensory Root = Spinal Nerve

Motor root - Carries signal out to organs

Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs

Motor + Sensory Root = Spinal Nerve

Dura Mater - Tough Protective tissue

Summary

• Nervous system allows for sensory input, integration, and response to stimuli

• Nervous system can be subdivided based on function and location

• Nerves transmit electrical impulses down an axon