naa for pre-hispanic ceramics and related projects of the iaea coordinated research projects (crps)...
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NAA for pre-Hispanic ceramics and
related projects of the IAEA
Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) and regional Technical Cooperation projects for cultural heritage and archaeological investigations
• Role of the International Atomic Energy Agency
• Previous activities
• Ongoing projects
• Outlook
IAEA at a Glance — 2004
Founded in 1957
137 Member States
2200 professional and support staff
3 scientific laboratories
Headquarters in Vienna; offices in Tokyo, Toronto, Geneva and New York
Total Budget in 2004: $397 million
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
IAEA At Work
Maximizing the contribution of nuclear technology: Verifying its peaceful use
Safeguards & Verification Safety & Security Science & Technology
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
Ensuring Safety of Nuclear Technologies
442 nuclear plants in 30 countries
Thousands of uses of radioactive materials in: – Industry– Medicine– Agriculture– Mineral exploration
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
Technical Co-operation: Addresses key problems in developing nations
Contaminated drinking water
Diseases: TB, AIDS, Malaria, Cancer and Sleeping Sickness
Malnutrition and food scarcity
Environmental management
Preservation of cultural heritage etc.
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
Science and Technology for Development
Better Water Management: Isotope Hydrology
Controlling Insect Pests: Sterile Insect Technique
Ensuring Food Safety:Irradiation
Managing Nature: Isotope Techniques
Treating Cancer: Radiotherapy
Diagnosing Diseases: Nuclear Medicine
Industrial Development: Radiation and Tracer Techniques
Research: Nuclear Data, CRPs, Meetings, Conferences, Expert Services, etc….
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
IAEA — Budget
$269 million Regular Budget
Extra budgetary contributions of $38 million
Nuclear Security Fund: $11 million
$79 million to the TC programme
Regular
TC
EBFTotal in 2004: US $397.4 million
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
IAEA at Work / Iraq / Hot spots / Safety / Security / Technology
CRP on “ Nuclear Analytical Techniques in Archaeological Investigations” (F.2.30.15, 1996-1999)
participants:
seven laboratories from 6 countries in Latin America + one consultant from USA (Smithsonian Institution, Center for Material Research and Education)
objectives:
Promotion of interdisciplinary research
Strengthen the role of NATs in the region
outcome:
synergistic effects in NATs and archaeology
improved data interpretation capabilities
demonstrated competence of NATs for interdisciplinary problem solving
Individual project results
Argentina: extensive trading activities and the exchange of ceramics between two pre-Columbian groups in the north-western part of Argentina.
Brazil, Sao Paulo: Three distinct and very confined clusters of pottery from Amazon populations trading 1000 and 1500 years before present.
Brazil, Belo Horizonte: clear distinction among the pottery types of Uru tradition and the Aratu tradition (1200 AD) from a double ring shaped village.
Chile: very hetererogeneous concentration pattern in pottery of the Aconcagua Culture (900 - 1450 A.D.) in Central Chile.
Cuba: aborigine ceramic production could be distinguished on the bases of concentration pattern. Majolica from colonial Havana could be re-classified as originating from Italy (Liguria) rather than from Spain as originally suggested.
Mexico: Mexico City and Puebla ceramics from Templo Mayor excavations could be separated clearly on the bases of trace element fingerprinting.
Peru: nine distinct groups of pottery were identified from pre-Columbian Inka sherds using multivariate statistical analysis.
• Technical Report Series 416
• PER/8/013 Application of Nuclear Techniques for the Analysis, Conservation and Dating of Archaeological Materials
• SYR/1/004 Nuclear Techniques for Dating Analysis and Preservation of Archaeological Materials
RER/1/006 Nuclear Techniques for the Protection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts in the Mediterranean Region
(2005-2007)
Participants: Albania, Croatia , Cyprus , Greece(?), Malta, Serbia and Montenegro, Turkey
Objectives: > study, restoration and conservation of cultural heritage
> enhance the cooperation between the existing laboratories
> promote the role of nuclear analytical techniques in archaeometry
Activities: > 1st co-ordination meeting 07-09 February 2005 at VIC, Vienna
> Expert missions, fellowships and group activities
> Establish a network between the laboratories
> Training of staff in using NATs for archaeological investigations
> Cooperation with COST-8 and ARTECH network would greatly enhance impact and sustainability
F2.30.23: New CRP on ‘NATs for art object identification’
2005-2008
Participants: Brazil, China, Croatia, Cuba, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Poland, Syria,
1st RCM: 21-25 February 2005 in Damascus, SyriaObjectives: • Explore new fields of application for NATs• Foster collaboration between museum conservators and analytical researchers • NATs for conservation and recovery of national heritage
Techniques and study materials covered:
Analytical Techniques:NAA, PGNAA, XRF (stationary and portable), PIXE, IBA, and conventional methods
Study areas: Marajoara, Lagartero Chiapas, and other pottery Pigments of paintings Tang Sancai porcelain Ghanaian gold and metal artefacts Neolithic stone artefacts Ceramics and coins Peruvian textiles Bronze age metallic artefacts Medieval glass ware
Future plans:
• Enhance human capacity for cultural heritage preservation and investigation
• Support laboratories to acquire technical capabilities for archaeological investigations
• Establish regional networking for exchange of expertise and mutual use of resources
• To promote the use of nuclear techniques for provenance studies, age determination and authenticity verification
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