mushroom culture
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Isabela State University Echague, Isabela
Types of edible mushroom
Historical Background of Mushroom Culture in the PhilippinesA long time ago mushrooms were believe to be a fruit of thunderbolt The Chinese introduce mushroom culture in the Philippines and it started in Pampanga in the early 1900s
UP College of agriculture developed scientific method by using spawns in 1916 The National Science and Development Board (NSDB), the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) and Philippines Council for Agriculture Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) were financed research of Department of Plant Pathology in UPLB to improve the technology of mushroom culture
Etymology o PinagmulanAgri Latin Culture Latin (Cultura) Cultivate (English) Tagalog - Paglilinang, Pagbubungkal, PagPag-aararo ng lupa/ bukid Field (English) BUKID (Tagalog)
Agaricus Bisporus(Button Mushroom)
Auricularia(the ear fungi)
Ganoderma(Medicinal Mushroom)
Lentinus edodes(Shitake)
Pleurotus spp.
(Florida(Florida-Angel Mushroom)
Pleurotus spp.(Abalone)
Black Oyster
Pink Oyster White Oyster
Volvariella Volvacea(The Straw Mushroom)
Mushroom Life Cycle
Mushroom Tissue Culture and Cultivation
Nutrition Facts (per 100 grams*) of Volvariela: the Straw MushroomAscorbic acid Ash, gram Calcium mg. Fat g. Fiber g. Food Energy Cal. Iron mg. Moisture, % Niacin, mg. Phosphorous, mg. Protein, g. Riboflavin, mg. Thiamine, mg. Total carbohydrates 8.0 1.0 3.0 0.6 1.2 39 1.7 87.7 8.3 94.0 3.8 0.17 0.11 6.0
*Source: Food & Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) Handbook, 3rd Edition 1964. Tropical Mushrooms Biological and Cultivation Method, 1983.
Volvariella Volvacea(The Straw Mushroom)
Gathering of dried banana leaves
Small Bundles
12 inches
6 inches
Bundling
Preparation for soaking
Filling of water
Unloading of Soaked Substrate
Layering
Covering of Plastic for Incubation
Incubation Stage
Jacketing
10 days Primordia Appearance
Spot Gathering of Harvestable Fruit
Cleaned fruit ready for market
Cost and Return Analysis to obtain 225* kgs of Fresh Straw (Volvariella) Mushroom @ PhP.80.00 farm gate price that will translate into PhP. 10,071.00* monthly income of individual cooperators/growers A.Materials A. Materials Needed for 1.0 ft. (width) x 2.0 ft. (height) x 3.00 meters (length) of mushroom bed:
1. Bundled dry banana leaves (BDBL) or rice straw, 6 inches in diameter x 12 inches length 90 bundled @ PhP.1.00/bundle
PhP. 90.00
2. Spawns, 3-bags @ PhP20.00/bag 3-
60.00
3. Plastic Sheets, plastic lining in sugar sack or fertilizer is the ideal, 1.00 kg can cover 10-meters 10bed length @ PhP25.00 per kilo, for 3.00 meter bed length 4. Pegs. 1-bamboo pole x 30 feet length @ 1PhP100.00 per pole=PhP3.33 per ft. x 10 ft. = Php33.33 divided by 4 split = PhP8.35 x 2 split/bed 5. String for ties (panali) e.g., plastic twine/straw 6. Labor Cost, cooperator/growers equity Total Cost of Materials for 1-mushroom bed 1-
7.50
16.70
2.00 -176.20
B. Assumption:1. Least yield of 5.00 kgs/bed @ farm gate price of Php80.00 per kilo x 5.00 kgs. 2. Less: Total Cost of Materials 3. Net Profit per bed 4. Return of Investment (ROI) PhP. 400.00 176.20 223.80 127.01%
C. Basis for *Optional Monthly Income of Individual Cooperator/GrowersLand Area (sq. m.) 225 340 450 565 No. of Bed 45 68 90 113 Yield Gathered (kgs) 225 340 450 565 Gross Sales (P) 18,000 27,200 36,000 45,200 Less: Material Cost/Bed 7,929.00 11,981.60 15,858.00 19,910.00 Net Profit (PhP) 10,071.00 15,218.40 20,142.00 25,289.40 ROI 127.01% 127.01% 127.01% 127.01%
Volvariella Volcacea(The Straw Mushroom)
Scattering of rice straw for drying
Stocking of dried rice straw
Soaking
Composting
Preparation of bed foundation
Soil digging/ cleaning
Distribution of prepre-soaked rice hull within bed foundation
Layering and mounting of hay molder
Piling of fermented rice straw for spawn planting
Pressing/compacting of rice straw
Spawn Broadcasting
Removal of hay molder
The bed was supported by pegs placed on both ends
Plastic covering of mushroom bed
Preparation of shed materials
Artificial Shading for Incubation
Ready for harvesting
Packaging
Mushroom Pizza
Mushroom Pickles
Pleurotus spp.
(Florida(Florida-Angel Mushroom)
Selection of young vigorous and healthy fruit
Culture Media Preparation
Inoculation of Tissue
Matured Tissue
Materials needed for oyster fruiting bag preparationComposted saw dust Weighing scale PP bag (6x12x0.03) Scrap paper Rubber band Scrap cotton PVC (1 dm. x )
Composting
PrePre-composted substrate for oyster mushroom
Bagging of oyster fruiting bags for sterilization
Weighing at 1 kilogram per bag
Steaming/sterilization for 6 hours
PrePre-heating of inoculating loops
Breaking of grains for isolation
Planting/isolation of pure culture into fruiting bags
PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF Pleurotus Growing House
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