monocots and eudicots (dicots) …the most abundant vascular plants

Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)

…the most abundant vascular plants

Monocots and Eudicots (Dicots)

…the most abundant vascular plants

Classification of Plants Kingdom

- Subkingdom

- Division

Class

Order

PLANTS

Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Text pg 544

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots”

Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots

Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues

Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root

PLANTS

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Tracheophytes – Vascular plants “Roots and Shoots”

Above ground = shoots Under ground = roots

Three tissue types Dermal tissues Vascular tissues Ground tissues

Major organs (non-reproductive) Leaf Stem Root

Meristemic Tissue – only regions where cells divide repeatedly by mitosis (sites of growth)

Tissue Description Function

apical meristem at root and shoot tips primary growth – increases in LENGTH

lateral meristem cylinders of tissue within roots and stems

secondary growth – increases in diameter

Dermal – a plants skin (protective)

Tissue Description Function

Epidermis -outermost cell layer in primary growth regions

Produces waxy cuticle – prevents water loss and infection, restricts gas exchange

Periderm -outside layer at sites experiencing secondary growth-replaces epidermis-often multiple cell layers

Waterproofs roots and stems, protects inner tissues from structural damage

Ground – all the internal nonvascular regions

Tissue Description Function

Parenchyma Spherical, thin-celled walls with large vacuoles

-Storage of nutrients, carbs (sugars and starches) and water-heals wounds, regenerates plant parts

Collenchyma Long cells with thickened cell walls -strength-supports primary growth regions-flexibility to withstand wind

Sclerenchyma -very thick secondary cell wall of cellulose and lignin-long cells

-Strength and rigidity

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)

Tissue Description Function

Xylem -tracheids long, tapered, thick-walled cells with overlapping ends and pits (unthickened areas) on cell walls-vessel elements – short, large diameter thick walled cells with open ends; stacked like barrels to make vessels

Transports water and dissolved minerals, usually upward from roots to leaves

Vascular – a plant’s circulatory system (transport)

Tissue Description Function

Phloem Sieve tube elements – long thin cells with tiny holes at the sloping ends (a sieve), and pits along side alls; no nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi, vacuoles, stacked to form sieve tubes

-transports food (sugars etc) from leaves to the plant bodyCompanion cells: direct sieve tubes

Classification of Plants Kingdom

- Subkingdom

- Division

Class

Order

PLANTS

Bryophytes (non-vascular) Mosses, liverworts, hornworts

Tracheophytes vascular

has xylem and phloem

Spore producing (ferns)

Seed producing

Gymnosperms (cone bearing)

Angiosperms (seed

enclosed flowering plants)

Lycophytes (club mosses)

Other early angiosperms

Nymphaeales

Amborellales Monocotyledons (1/4 of all angiosperms)

Text pg 544

Eudicotyledons(2/3 of all angiosperms)

Dicots

Dicots

Dicots

Dicots

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Comparing Monocots and Eudicots/Dicots

Actual pictures:

http://theseedsite.co.uk/monocots2.html

Leaf Venation

Eudicots (Dicots)

Practice Problems (HomeFUN!) Prep for this unit

Questions 1-10 and 12 page 538-539 Section 12.1

Read pages 540-545 Answer 1-4 and 6

Section 13.5 Read pages 605-607 Questions 1,2,4 page 612