module 4—hazard prevention and control
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©2009 4-1
Module 4—Hazard Prevention and Control
Safety Management
Worksite Analysis
ManagementCommitment
and EmployeeInvolvement
Hazard Prevention and Control
Safety and Health
Training
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Module 4 Objectives
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
Identify the factors OSHA includes under hazard prevention and control in its voluntary Safety and Health Program Management guidelines.
Understand the key aspects of an engineering design and start-up review.
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Module 4 Objectives—continued
Consider other control methods when the hazard cannot be engineered out of the job.
Recognize the key components of an emergency plan.
Recognize the key components of a medical program.
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Prevention Versus Control
Hazard PreventionThe process of designing a job or operation so that hazards are completely eliminatedHazard ControlThe process of designing or finding ways to minimize the risk of a hazard that cannot be entirely eliminated
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The Safety Process
Recognize
EvaluateControl
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Activity Instructions
Review the factors that demonstrate hazard prevention and control, then
check the items you feel your organization does well.
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Engineering Controls
Redesign of equipmentSubstitution of a material, equipment, or processChange of process to minimize or eliminate hazardUse of barriers or shields to isolate a hazardUse of barriers to isolate a personVentilation
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Administrative ControlsTraining and educationProcedures to limit exposureIncreasing distance between hazard and employeeAdjusting work schedules and rotating assignments to reduce exposureMaintenanceGood housekeepingWet work methods
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PPE Controls
Protective clothing, headwear, footwearEye and face protectionRespiratory protectionHearing protectionFall protectionProtection against electrical hazards
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Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
A newly constructed building or facility.A remodeled or expanded building or facility.New tools or equipment.A new process or procedure.
An analysis of the processes involved in and the potential hazards associated with:
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During the design phase of any construction or installation projectIdeally should precede any capital or operational purchasing decisions
When to perform:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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Can reduce injuries, illnesses and environmental damage.Prevents expensive retrofitting.Increases productivity.Lowers installation and operating costs.
Why it’s Important:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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Potential hazards during construction or installationPotential hazards during normal usePotential hazards during maintenance
What it Assesses:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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Design engineersConstruction personnelMachinistsUsers of new facility or equipmentPeople who will maintain new facility or equipmentSafety personnel
Who Should be on the Team:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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Knowledge of and familiarity with OSHA regulationsAble to apply basic safety principlesAble to listen to people who will use the designConcern for impact design will have on safetyAttention to impact on environment
Engineering Qualifications:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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In evaluating the performance of a project engineer, what criteria and benchmarks are generally used?
Question for thought:
Engineering Design and Start-Up Review Process
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Sustainability Considerations
1. Can this design protect employees from exposures to hazards?
2. Is the design friendly toward the environment?3. Can this design effectively use energy and
control emissions?4. Can this design reduce water use?5. Can this design recycle water or use recycled
water?
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Sustainability Considerations6. Can the materials used in this design be made
from renewable resources?7. Can the materials be non-toxic to employees
and community members?8. Will toxic substances be released into the air
during construction, installation, or use?9. When the materials are no longer useful, can
they be discarded without harming the environment or using space in a landfill?
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Activity InstructionsIn your group, identify what you believe are the important components of an emergency plan, including:
What should be included in an emergency plan?How should it be communicated to the organization?
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Activity Instructions
Review the list of components that are an important part of a medical program. Check those that your organization already does, then check any you
think it should implement.
Already Do Should Implement
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Activity Instructions
List the hazards you identified in the case study, then list controls that will either eliminate or control the hazards. Indicate whether each control is:
Engineering.Administrative.PPE.
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Implementation Roles
Top Management Supervisors Employees
What is top management’s role in implementing these controls?The supervisor’s role?The employee’s role?
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Activity Instructions
Ways to design the hazards out of the palletizer altogether.
Ways to achieve sustainability with the new palletizer.
For each of the identified hazards, brainstorm the following:
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