modul 11 tt4113 standar gsm,gprs,edge-new

TT 4113Cellular Communication Systems

Modul 11 GSM & GPRS Standard

Faculty of Electrical and CommunicationInstitut Teknologi Telkom

Bandung – 20101

Development of GSM Standard2

History of GSM1st & 2nd Generations

3

2nd Generation Standards4

GSM Derivatives5

Spectrum for major mobile standards6

GSM Phases7

GSM Phase 2+ Features8

GSM Coverage worldwide9

GSM Variants

U = UplinkD = Downlink

10

GSM900 at 900 MHz– 125 carriers @ 2x25 MHz band

GSM1800 at 1800 MHz (DCS1800)– 375 carriers @ 2x75 MHz band

GSM1900 at 1900 MHz (PCS1900)– 300 carriers @ 2x60 MHz band

U = UplinkD = Downlink

GSM Frequency Band11

GSM System Specification12

Technical SpecificationIS - 136 IS - 136* IS - 95 GSM IDEN

Base Tx(MHz)

869 - 894 851 - 866 869 - 894 925 - 960 851 - 866

Base Rx(MHz)

824 - 849 801 - 821 869 - 894 880 - 915 8806 - 821

MultipleAccess

Methode

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA CDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA

Modulation Pi/4DPSK Pi/4DPSK QPSK 0,3 GMSK 16QAMRadio

ChannelSpacing

30 kHz 30 kHz 1,25 MHz 200 kHz 25 kHz

Users/Channel 3 3 64 8 3/6NumberChannel

832 600 9 (A)10 (B)

124 600

CODEC ACELP/VCELP

ACELP CELP RELP-LTP/ACELP

-

SpectrumAllocation

50 MHz 30 MHz 50 MHz 50 MHz 30 MHz

13

IS - 136 IS - 136* IS - 95 GSM IDENBase Tx(MHz)

869 - 894 851 - 866 869 - 894 925 - 960 851 - 866

Base Rx(MHz)

824 - 849 801 - 821 869 - 894 880 - 915 8806 - 821

MultipleAccess

Methode

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA CDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA

Modulation Pi/4DPSK Pi/4DPSK QPSK 0,3 GMSK 16QAMRadio

ChannelSpacing

30 kHz 30 kHz 1,25 MHz 200 kHz 25 kHz

Users/Channel 3 3 64 8 3/6NumberChannel

832 600 9 (A)10 (B)

124 600

CODEC ACELP/VCELP

ACELP CELP RELP-LTP/ACELP

-

SpectrumAllocation

50 MHz 30 MHz 50 MHz 50 MHz 30 MHz

Technical Specification

IS - 136 IS -95 DCS1800( GSM )

DCS1900( GSM )

IS-661

Base Tx(MHz)

1930 - 1990 1930 - 1990 1805 -1880 1930 - 1990 1930 - 1990

Base Rx(MHz)

1850 - 1910 1850 - 1910 1710 - 1785 1850 - 1910 1850 - 1910

MultipleAceess

Methode

TDMA /FDMA

CDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDD

Modulation Pi/4DPSK QPSK 0,3 GMSK 0,3 GMSK QPSKRadio

ChannelSpacing

30 kHz 1,25 MHz 200 kHz 200 kHz 5 MHz

Users/Channel 3 64 8 8 64NumberChannels

166/332/498 4 - 12 325 25/50/75 2 - 6

CODEC ACELP /VCELP

CELP RELP-LTP/ACELP

RELP-LTP/ACELP

CELP

SpectrumAllocation

10/20/30 MHz

10/20/30 MHz

150 MHz 10/20/30 MHz

10/20/30 MHz

14

IS - 136 IS -95 DCS1800( GSM )

DCS1900( GSM )

IS-661

Base Tx(MHz)

1930 - 1990 1930 - 1990 1805 -1880 1930 - 1990 1930 - 1990

Base Rx(MHz)

1850 - 1910 1850 - 1910 1710 - 1785 1850 - 1910 1850 - 1910

MultipleAceess

Methode

TDMA /FDMA

CDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDMA /FDMA

TDD

Modulation Pi/4DPSK QPSK 0,3 GMSK 0,3 GMSK QPSKRadio

ChannelSpacing

30 kHz 1,25 MHz 200 kHz 200 kHz 5 MHz

Users/Channel 3 64 8 8 64NumberChannels

166/332/498 4 - 12 325 25/50/75 2 - 6

CODEC ACELP /VCELP

CELP RELP-LTP/ACELP

RELP-LTP/ACELP

CELP

SpectrumAllocation

10/20/30 MHz

10/20/30 MHz

150 MHz 10/20/30 MHz

10/20/30 MHz

15

Basic GSM Network Structure

SSSS

D T I

ISDN

PLMN

PSTN

ISDNISDN

PLMNPLMN

PSTN

SMSC

B G WH L R

E I R

GWMSCGMSC

AUC

16

AUC: Authentication CenterBGW: Billing GateWayBSC: Base Station ControllerBSS: Base Station SubsystemBTS: Base Transceiver StationDTI: Data Transmission InterworkingEIR: Equipment Identity RegisterGMSC: Gateway MSCHLR: Home Location RegisterISDN: Integrated Services Digital NetworkMS: Mobile StationMSC: Mobile services Switching CenterPLMN: Public Land Mobile NetworkPSTN: Public Switched Telephony NetworkSMSC: Short Message Service CenterSS: Switching SubsystemTRC: Transcoder Resources ControllerVLR: Visitor Location Register

D T I

BTSBTS

E I RMSC/VLRMSC/VLR

MS

Air I/f

BSC/TRCBSC/TRC

BSSBSS

Administers its Base Station Controller(s) BSC(s).

Call setup, routing & supervision for mobile subscribers.Contributes to the short messages transfer to/from mobile

subscribers.

Records charging and accounting data.Basic GSM Network Structure

Mobile Services Switching Center (MSC)17

Interface towards other networks for mobile terminated calls.

Interrogation of the HLR to retrieve location information of thecalled subscriber.

Basic GSM Network Structure

Gateway Mobile Services Switching Center (GMSC)

18

Temporarily stores subscriber profiles for all registered mobile subscribers who arecurrently visiting the MSC/VLR service area.

Basic GSM Network Structure

Visitor Location Register (VLR)

Performs the security functions: authentication, IMEI check and TMSI allocation.

19

Basic subscriber categories.Supplementary services.Current location.Allowed/barred services.Authentication triplets.

Home Location Register (HLR)

Database storing for each mobile subscriber:

Communication with other network elements like GMSC, VLR andSMSC for mobile terminated calls, short messages.

20

AUthentication Center (AUC)

Database connected to the HLR that stores authentication parameters (triplets) andciphering keys for mobile subscribers.

21

Equipment Identity Register (EIR)

Database that validates Mobile Equipments usage. It contains White list for normalhandsets, Gray list for faulty or non-type approved handsets & Black list for stolenhandsets.

22

Manages the Radio Communication with the mobile stations over the air interface.

Controls the locating algorithm and handovers between the BTSs

Supervises the transport network resources and the operation & maintenance of eachBTS

Base Station Controller (BSC)23

Base Transceiver Station (BTS)

Consists of the radio transmitters, receivers and the antenna system required to providethe coverage area for one cell.Converts the GSM radio signals into a format that can be recognized by the BSC.Records and passes to the BSC the periodic power measurement reports.Performs the network end function for the ciphering/encryption process.

24

The Mobile Equipment is said to be a Mobile Station if the SubscriberIdentity Module ( SIM Card ) is added to it

+Basic GSM Network Structure

Mobile Station (MS) =25

The SIM Card contains:

A processor and memory.

that stores:- The international mobile subscriber Identity

IMSI- The Authentication and ciphering keys.

26

Mobile Equipment27

SIM28

SIM Card Function29

Radio Coverage

Spectrum Allocation (GSM 900)

200 KHz

Downlink 935 – 960 MHz

Uplink 890 – 915 MHz

30

GSM 900 Frequency Allocation

F (MHz)915890

Uplink1 2 3 4 121 122 123 124

F (MHz)

Downlink

960935

1 2 3 4 121 122 123 124

890.2

890.4

890.6

935.2

935.4

935.6

200 KHz

1

1

121

121

ARFCN Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number

200 KHz

Downlink 1805 – 1880 MHz

Uplink 1710 – 1785 MHz

Radio Coverage

Spectrum Allocation (GSM 1800)

31

GSM 1800 Frequency Allocation

F (MHz)17851710

Uplink1 2 3 4 371 372 373 374

F (MHz)

Downlink

18801805

1 2 3 4 371 372 373 374

1710.2

1710.4

1710.6

1805.2

1805.4

1805.6

200 KHz

GSM Network ArchitectureWhich related to the security system

32

• IMSI : International Mobile Subscriber Identity• TMSI : Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity• MSRN : Mobile Station Roaming Number• MSISDN : Mobile Station ISDN• LAI : Local Area Identity• Ki : authentication key• Kc : ciphering key• SRES : Signed Response• RAND : random number

Data Service in GSM33

GPRS

Efisien menggunakan radio resources A flexible service , with volume-based (or session

duration-based) billing Fast set-up /access time Efficient transport of packets in the GSM network Simultaneous GSM and GPRS ,co-existence

disturbance

34

Efisien menggunakan radio resources A flexible service , with volume-based (or session

duration-based) billing Fast set-up /access time Efficient transport of packets in the GSM network Simultaneous GSM and GPRS ,co-existence

disturbance

GPRS Componen

SGSN ( Serving GPRS Support Node )

GGSN ( Gateway GPRS Support Node )

35

SGSN ( Serving GPRS Support Node )

GGSN ( Gateway GPRS Support Node )

GSM vs GPRS36

37

Basic GPRS Network Structur

MS

BTSPDN

BTS

EIR&AUC HLRVLR

SGSN GGSNBSC

Gb Gn Gi

Gc

D

Gf

Gs

Gr

MSC DATABASE

SGSN Serving GPRS Suport NodeGGSN GatewayGPRS Support NodePDN Public Data Network

User Data and SignallingSignalling

PCU

GR

RAN NETWORK CORE NETWORK

38

MS

BTSPDN

BTS

EIR&AUC HLRVLR

SGSN GGSNBSC

Gb Gn Gi

Gc

D

Gf

Gs

Gr

MSC DATABASE

SGSN Serving GPRS Suport NodeGGSN GatewayGPRS Support NodePDN Public Data Network

User Data and SignallingSignalling

PCU

GR

RAN NETWORK CORE NETWORK

PCU39

GPRS Attach & Detach

Exchange of information

MS Switch On

MS Attach to Network

MS Network

40

e.g. MS ID, User profile, QoS, etc.MS Network

Network (i.e. SGSN)Check MS ID, Author. & AuC, Assign P-TMSI, etc.

MS on Service

Finish

GPRS Attach & Detach

Type of attach:– Attach after switch on– Re-attach in the same SGSN– Re-attach in a new SGSN– Attach when SGSN has deleted the context

Content of GPRS attach:– Active service request– Check of MS ID– Check of subscriber ID– Copies of user profile from HLR– Assign of P-TMSI

41

Type of attach:– Attach after switch on– Re-attach in the same SGSN– Re-attach in a new SGSN– Attach when SGSN has deleted the context

Content of GPRS attach:– Active service request– Check of MS ID– Check of subscriber ID– Copies of user profile from HLR– Assign of P-TMSI

42

GPRS Attach43

GPRS Attach ProcedureMS BSS New SGSN Old SGSN GGSN EIR New

MSC/VLRHLR Old

MSC/VLR1. Attach Request

2. Identification Request

2. Identification Response3. Identify Request

3. Identify Response

4. Authentication

5. IMEI Check

6a. Update Location

6b. Cancel Location

6c. Cancel Location Ack

44

6d. Insert Subscriber Data

6e. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

6f. Update Location Ack

7a. Location Updating Ack7b. Update Location

7c. Cancel Location

7d. Cancel Location Ack

7e. Insert Subscriber Data

7f. Insert Subscriber Data Ack

7g. Update Location Ack7h. Location Updating Accept

8. Attach Accept

9. Attach Complete10. TMSI Reallocation Complete

GPRS Routing Area Update45

Notion PDP Context46

PDP Context Activation47

Data Transfer48

Routing example: Incoming packet

SGSNGGSN

Address conversion: IP-Dest TID + SGSN(from PDP context)

IP packet

Internet?

49

SGSNGGSN

SGSN

GTP (GGSN IP address, Tunneling ID, IP packet)

Address conversioan: TID TLLI, NSAPI, QoS, and cell(from PDP context)

SNDCP (SubNetwork Dependent Convergence Protocol)(Temp Logical Link Id, NSAPI, IP packet))

?

IP packet

MSLA1

LA2

Routing example: Outgoing packet

SGSNGGSN

SGSN

IP packet(Dest. 129.187.222.10, Source: 129.74.216.6)

Internet

GTP (GGSN IP Address, Tunneling ID, IP packet)?

50

SGSNAddress conversion: TLLI + NSAPI TID + GGSN(from PDP context)

SNDCP (TLLI, NSAPI, IP packet)

IP packet(Dest: 129.74.216.6.Source: 129.187.222.10

MS

?

Address conversion: IP-source TLLI, NSAPI

(from PDP context)

GGSN

GPRS Channel51

52

Timeslot sharing53

52 Multiframe for GPRS54

GPRS Mobile Equipment55

Coding Scheme for GPRS

Skema coding untuk kanal-kanal trafik logik GPRS

56

EDGE57

EDGE Network58

Dimensioning principle : Transmission59

Access of Mobile Applications through WLAN60

MSC HLR/AuCEIR

BSCBTS

PSTNNetwork

SS7Network

UmGSMINFRASTRUCTURE

Serving GPRSSupport Node(SGSN)

PCU

Node-B

RNC

IuIWU

Um

UMTS (WCDMA)INFRASTRUCTURE

Edge

Edge TRXAbis

HSDPA

HSDPA TRX

Evolution step GSM / GPRS / UMTS / HSDPA61

BorderGateway (BG)

Serving GPRSSupport Node(SGSN)

Gateway GPRSSupport Node(GGSN)

Lawful InterceptionGateway (LIG)

Inter-PLMNnetwork

GPRSbackbonenetwork

(IP based)Internet

GPRSINFRASTRUCTURE

UMTS (WCDMA)INFRASTRUCTURE

62

63

64

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