mobile apps development best practices. tdd, ci, cd

©2013 GlobalLogic Inc. CONFIDENTIAL

CONFIDENTIAL ©2013 GlobalLogic Inc.

Mobile Dev Guide:

TDD + CI + CD

TDD: Test Driven Development

CI: Continuous Integration

CD: Continuous Delivery

©2013 GlobalLogic Inc. CONFIDENTIAL

What is TDD? Why? How?

What is CI? Why? How?

What is CD? Why? How?

01

02

03

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Test Driven Development: Basics

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TDD: Basics

− First understand the requirement

− Create test that tests this

requirement

− Run test and expect FAIL

− Provide basic implementation

− Run test and expect PASS

− Improve your implementation

− Run test after improvements to

test changes

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TDD: Example

− Requirement: validate email to match common email mask.

− username: [a-zA-Z0-9-_]+ (e.g. My_user-09)

− company: [a-zA-z0-9]+ (e.g. globallogic911)

− domain: [a-zA-Z]{2,} (e.g. com)

− E-mail structure: [username]@[company].[domain]

− Valid e-mail: test-user@domain.com

− Invalid e-mail: $uper~U$er123@ideal-company.z

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TDD: Example (cont.)

− Simple test:

public void testEmailValidationForValidEmail() {

//GIVEN

String validEmail = "sergiy-nezdoliy@globallogic.com";

//WHEN

bool result = SNUtilities.validateEmail(validEmail);

//THEN

assertTrue("Mail is valid: " + validEmail, result);

}

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TDD: Example (cont.)

− Simple implementation:

public static bool validateEmail(String intpuMail) {

return FALSE;

}

//Leads to test FAIL

//Refactor code to pass test

public static bool validateEmail(String intpuMail) {

boolean isValidEmail = false;

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^[_A-Za-z0-9-]+@[A-Za-z0-9-]+((\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}){1}$)");

isValidEmail = pattern.matcher(inputMail).matches();

return isValidEmail;

}

//Run test and – voila, PASSED

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TDD: Example (cont.)

− Improve?

− Empty string

− Null value

− Extended mask for regexp (including dot support etc)

− Do not forget to test negative cases

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TDD: Example (cont.)

− As a result: //TESTS

public void testValidateNullEmail() {...}

public void testValidateEmptyValue() {...}

public void testValidateInvalidEmail() {...}

public void testValidateValidEmail() {...}

//IMPLEMENTATION

public static boolean validateEmail(String inputMail) {

boolean isValidEmail = false;

if (inputMail != null && inputMail.length() > 0) {

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile

("^[_A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[_A-Za-z0-9]+)*@[A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[A-Za-z0-9-]+)*((\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}){1}$)");

isValidEmail = pattern.matcher(inputMail).matches();

}

return isValidEmail;

}

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Test Driven Development &

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TDD: Android

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TDD: Android tools

− Unit tests: − Junit,

− Instrumentation

− UI tests: − Instrumentation,

− Robotium, Robolectric,

− monkey, monkeyrunner

− Mocks: − android-mock:

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TDD: Android – What to test?

− Formatters

− Parsing, serializing, marshaling data from server

− Fields input validation (e.g. e-mail field)

− Any inner calculations

− Entities, models, DAO objects

− Database layer

− UI where possible (functional and integration testing)

− …

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TDD: Android Example

//IMPLEMENTATION

public static boolean validateEmail(String inputMail) {

boolean isValidEmail = false;

if (inputMail != null && inputMail.length() > 0) {

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile

("^[_A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[_A-Za-z0-9]+)*@[A-Za-z0-9-]+(\\.[A-Za-z0-9-]+)*((\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}){1}$)");

isValidEmail = pattern.matcher(inputMail).matches();

}

return isValidEmail;

}

//TESTS

public void testValidateNullEmail() {...}

public void testValidateEmptyValue() {...}

public void testValidateInvalidEmail() {...}

public void testValidateValidEmail() {...}

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Test Driven Development &

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TDD: iOS tools

− Unit tests: − OCUnit, SenTestingKit (embedded into Xcode),

− GHUnit

− UI tests: − UI Automation,

− Frank, Appium … (no success )

− Mock: − OCMock

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TDD: iOS– What to test? (TODO)

− Core Data layer

− Parsing, serializing, marshaling data from server

− Fields input validation (e.g. e-mail field)

− Any inner calculations

− Entities, models, DAO objects

− UI where possible (functional and integration testing)

− …

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TDD: iOS Example //IMPLEMENTATION

+ (BOOL) validateEmail:(NSString *)inputEmail{

BOOL isEmailValid = NO;

if (inputEmail) {

NSString *emailRegex = @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,4}";

NSPredicate *emailTest = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", emailRegex];

isEmailValid = [emailTest evaluateWithObject:inputEmail];

}

return isEmailValid;

}

//TESTS

- (void)testValidateEmailWithValidEmail{

//GIVEN

NSString *validEmail = @"test-user01@domain.com";

//WHEN

BOOL result = [DemoUtils validateEmail:validEmail];

//THEN

STAssertTrue(result, @"Valid with email: %@", validEmail);

}

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Continuous Integration: iOS and Android

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Continuous Integration: Why?

− Reduce risks: − Fixing bugs late costs more

− Lack of project visibility (metrics, changelogs)

− Lack of deployable software

− Reduce repetitive manual processes

− Generate deployable software any time at any place

− Test early and often

− No painful waits for next build

− Visible process of building your project

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Continuous Integration: Schema Version Control System Build servers

QA, clients, managers

Developers

CI Server

CI Feedback

1. Check In 2. Check Out

3. Indicate

Change

5. Set Status

4. Report

Results

6. Notify

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Continuous Integration:

− Cross-system (Windows, Linux, Mac OS)

− Extensible (plenty of plugins)

− Provides good visibility of builds

− Free

− Chuck Norris supports Jenkins!

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CI: Example of dashboard

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Continuous Integration &

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Continuous Integration: How?

− Xcode command line tools (with some hacks)

− Run tests from command line and fail in case if failed tests

− ocunit2junit + gcovr for code coverage

− keychain issues

− Provisioning profiles import

− Jenkins should run only on Mac

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Continuous Integration: iOS

CI: TDD & Code coverage?

− Using gcovr tool

− Configure project to generate .gcda data (Xcode 4.6.x): − Add to “Other C flags”: -lgcov, -ftest-coverage, -lprofile_rt

− Set “Generate Test Coverage Files” to YES

− Set “Generate Profiling Code” to YES

− run tests -> ocunit2junit to get tests results

− configure Jenkins job to handle test reports and code coverage

(Cobertura)

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Continuous Integration &

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Continuous Integration: How?

− Using ant

− Using Android build tools

− Using Jenkins plugin for Android

− Using bash

− Analyzing tests results? Hack for tests needed in build.xml

− Take a look at android-lint plugin: − scans your Android projects and reports on potential bugs, performance, security and

translation issues, plus more

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Continuous Integration: iOS

Continuous Integration: TDD?

− Add separate target to build.xml

− Analyze results

− Fail build in case if tests fail

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Continuous Delivery

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Continuous Delivery: Why?

− Allows to provide new builds to test continuously

− Automation of providing builds to QA and customers

− Painless releases, quick feedbacks

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Continuous Delivery &

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Continuous Delivery: How?

− Installation over the air

− Downloading build as artifact from Jenkins

− Uploading to share (Android only)

− Installation over Wi Fi (iOS – manual)

− Cloud services: AppBlade, Knappsack, HockeyApp … - not Free

− …

− TestFlightApp – ideal free solution to manage your app

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Continuous Delivery: TestFlight

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TestFlightApp: Why?

− Free

− Supports automatic uploading (can be part of Jenkins job)

− May be not embedded into app at all.

− Email notifications

− Easy to install on any allowed device (which is in Ad Hoc profile)

− Cross platform (iOS, Android)

− Provides additional services (crash reports, checkpoints etc) − You need to include TestFlight SDK into your project for this

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TestFlightApp: example of upload

curl http://testflightapp.com/api/builds.json \

-F file=@$IPA \

-F api_token=’<YOUR API TOKEN>' \

-F team_token=’<YOUR TEAM TOKEN>' \

-F notes="Uploaded on ${BUILD_ID} (Build#: '${BUILD_NUMBER}') (Build version#: '1.0').\nChanges: $git_notes" \

-F notify=True \

-F distribution_lists=”QA"

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Conclusion

CONFIDENTIAL ©2013 GlobalLogic Inc.

Skype: sergey.nezdoliy

Twitter: @sergey_nezdoliy

Mail: sergey.nezdoliy@gmail.com

Thank you